{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4214731544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15501477211065936","title":"A combined algorithm for tunnel personnel localization based on error areal division","display_name":"A combined algorithm for tunnel personnel localization based on error areal division","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4214731544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15501477211065936"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/15501477211065936","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15501477211065936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15501477211065936","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102807002","display_name":"Jian Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4294-0028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, China","Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072769652","display_name":"Haiying Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9274-006X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haiying Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Construction Machinery, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Construction Machinery, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9274-006X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Construction Machinery, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Construction Machinery, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110854917","display_name":"Yiqing Ren","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiqing Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Construction Machinery, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an, China","School of Construction Machinery, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Construction Machinery, Chang\u2019an University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Construction Machinery, Chang'an University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000900963","display_name":"Yingzhi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2856-5156"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingzhi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shaanxi Transportation Holding Group, Xi\u2019an, China","Shaanxi Transportation Holding Group, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shaanxi Transportation Holding Group, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shaanxi Transportation Holding Group, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072769652"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":0.265,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49193511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":"155014772110659","last_page":"155014772110659"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9735000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9697999954223633,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid","display_name":"Centroid","score":0.8709316849708557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrilateral","display_name":"Quadrilateral","score":0.792397141456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.6593295335769653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.5437662601470947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5239779353141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precise-point-positioning","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","score":0.5044378042221069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/division","display_name":"Division (mathematics)","score":0.4926071763038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.49122804403305054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dilution-of-precision","display_name":"Dilution of precision","score":0.4869188070297241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.3788338005542755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3568810224533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.29465240240097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.20263761281967163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15866002440452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-element-method","display_name":"Finite element method","score":0.0753588080406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07464063167572021}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.8709316849708557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151756577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36810","display_name":"Quadrilateral","level":3,"score":0.792397141456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.6593295335769653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.5437662601470947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5239779353141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202511199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239503","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","level":4,"score":0.5044378042221069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60798267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1226939","display_name":"Division (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4926071763038635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.49122804403305054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200499919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q616896","display_name":"Dilution of precision","level":4,"score":0.4869188070297241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.3788338005542755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3568810224533081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.29465240240097046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.20263761281967163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15866002440452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135628077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220184","display_name":"Finite element method","level":2,"score":0.0753588080406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07464063167572021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/15501477211065936","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15501477211065936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:intdis:v:18:y:2022:i:2:p:15501477211065936","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/15501477211065936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b02d0e64528648098625b143e2d77305","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b02d0e64528648098625b143e2d77305","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, Vol 18 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/15501477211065936","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15501477211065936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1842317357","https://openalex.org/W1965036273","https://openalex.org/W2019443117","https://openalex.org/W2021194216","https://openalex.org/W2023425515","https://openalex.org/W2075170373","https://openalex.org/W2092323252","https://openalex.org/W2721893673","https://openalex.org/W2794848516","https://openalex.org/W2810115043","https://openalex.org/W2897111681","https://openalex.org/W2916437576","https://openalex.org/W2947053252","https://openalex.org/W2984288604","https://openalex.org/W2986861953","https://openalex.org/W2990590023","https://openalex.org/W2996770830","https://openalex.org/W3012243393","https://openalex.org/W3019031331","https://openalex.org/W3023874262"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965044029","https://openalex.org/W2370540084","https://openalex.org/W4226150051","https://openalex.org/W4205928393","https://openalex.org/W2217752871","https://openalex.org/W2091112057","https://openalex.org/W2958450125","https://openalex.org/W2026415456","https://openalex.org/W2770049143","https://openalex.org/W2567007492"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,54,93],"a":[1,50,95],"tunnel":[2,126],"personnel":[3,127],"positioning":[4,8,21,35,45,52,63,81,110,160,191],"system,":[5],"the":[6,15,20,27,43,59,62,68,77,108,113,121,125,130,138,144,150,158,163,178,189],"average":[7,44,109,159],"error":[9,28,64,101,192],"is":[10,31],"typically":[11],"used":[12,119,136,148],"to":[13,49,106],"reflect":[14],"precision":[16],"and":[17,72,85,88,140,143,171,182,197],"accuracy":[18],"of":[19,37,61,67,124,162,177],"algorithm.":[22],"However,":[23],"in":[24,83],"practical":[25],"applications,":[26],"areal":[29,65,102],"distribution":[30],"generally":[32],"non-uniform.":[33],"The":[34,153],"errors":[36,82,161],"some":[38],"areas":[39],"are":[40],"greater":[41],"than":[42],"errors,":[46],"which":[47],"lead":[48],"low":[51],"accuracy.":[53,111],"this":[55],"study,":[56],"based":[57,99],"on":[58,100],"simulation":[60,154],"distributions":[66],"quadrilateral":[69,114,179],"centroid":[70,115,145,180],"localization":[71,97,116,165,181],"maximum":[73,131,183,190],"likelihood":[74,132,184],"estimation":[75,133,185],"algorithms,":[76,186],"causes":[78],"for":[79,120,137,149],"large":[80],"upper":[84,139],"lower":[86,141],"edges":[87],"four":[89,151],"corners":[90],"were":[91,167],"analyzed.":[92],"addition,":[94],"combined":[96,164],"algorithm":[98,117,134,146,166],"division":[103],"was":[104,118,135,147,193],"proposed":[105],"improve":[107],"Thus,":[112],"middle":[122],"section":[123],"location":[128],"area,":[129],"edges,":[142],"corners.":[152],"results":[155],"show":[156],"that":[157],"reduced":[168,194],"by":[169,195],"5.56%":[170],"44.76%":[172],"when":[173],"compared":[174],"with":[175],"those":[176],"respectively,":[187],"while":[188],"46.45%":[196],"42.81%,":[198],"respectively.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
