{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2904521407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147718817292","title":"Mobile app identification for encrypted network flows by traffic correlation","display_name":"Mobile app identification for encrypted network flows by traffic correlation","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2904521407","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147718817292","mag":"2904521407"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1550147718817292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147718817292","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1550147718817292","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1550147718817292","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101694956","display_name":"Gaofeng He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6584-7593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaofeng He","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091060533","display_name":"Bingfeng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2574-9627"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167027274","display_name":"Nanjing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/03m96p165","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingfeng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167027274"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100388597","display_name":"Lu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0385-2327"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137056471","display_name":"Nanjing University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/031y8am81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137056471"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137056471"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073978017","display_name":"Haiting Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5840-2251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41198531","display_name":"Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/043bpky34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiting Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Internet of Things, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41198531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100388597"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137056471"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":0.4887,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74034203,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"12","first_page":"155014771881729","last_page":"155014771881729"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8989186882972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.7880586385726929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-layer-security","display_name":"Transport Layer Security","score":0.6701787710189819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5841159820556641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertext-transfer-protocol","display_name":"Hypertext Transfer Protocol","score":0.5798351764678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.5551599264144897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-layer","display_name":"Application layer","score":0.4487084150314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.34994417428970337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.21839120984077454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.15374970436096191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.150844007730484}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8989186882972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.7880586385726929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148176105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206494","display_name":"Transport Layer Security","level":3,"score":0.6701787710189819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5841159820556641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149672775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8777","display_name":"Hypertext Transfer Protocol","level":3,"score":0.5798351764678955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5551599264144897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190793597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189768","display_name":"Application layer","level":3,"score":0.4487084150314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34994417428970337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.21839120984077454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.15374970436096191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.150844007730484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1550147718817292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147718817292","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1550147718817292","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:intdis:v:14:y:2018:i:12:p:1550147718817292","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1550147718817292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5a5acbfb927044c4b6023ce15609d891","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5a5acbfb927044c4b6023ce15609d891","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, Vol 14 (2018)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1550147718817292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147718817292","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1550147718817292","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5809832783","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GXL016 and CX2016026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312290","funder_display_name":"Nanjing Forestry University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8023704456","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702282, 61802192, 61502250 and 7180112","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312290","display_name":"Nanjing Forestry University","ror":"https://ror.org/03m96p165"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2904521407.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2904521407.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1583837637","https://openalex.org/W1965857701","https://openalex.org/W2046843253","https://openalex.org/W2102004764","https://openalex.org/W2120948237","https://openalex.org/W2140190241","https://openalex.org/W2153932331","https://openalex.org/W2252090200","https://openalex.org/W2296960716","https://openalex.org/W2335024046","https://openalex.org/W2477374581","https://openalex.org/W2575599800","https://openalex.org/W2604462068","https://openalex.org/W2619405973","https://openalex.org/W2752901856","https://openalex.org/W2911665967","https://openalex.org/W2913830554","https://openalex.org/W2914304175","https://openalex.org/W2963403784","https://openalex.org/W3023762229"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W199384068","https://openalex.org/W2886285749","https://openalex.org/W2129095295","https://openalex.org/W3215952099","https://openalex.org/W2737667669","https://openalex.org/W2604299027","https://openalex.org/W2969696505","https://openalex.org/W4320492391","https://openalex.org/W2784943730","https://openalex.org/W201322543"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Mobile":[0],"application":[1],"(simply":[2],"\u201capp\u201d)":[3],"identification":[4,137,187],"at":[5],"a":[6,24,102,134,168],"per-flow":[7],"granularity":[8],"is":[9,21],"vital":[10],"for":[11,139],"traffic":[12,29,46,57,110,156],"engineering,":[13],"network":[14,117,141],"management,":[15],"and":[16,55,63,67,106,148,157,195],"security":[17],"practices.":[18],"However,":[19],"uncertainty":[20],"caused":[22],"by":[23,77,120],"growing":[25],"fraction":[26],"of":[27,73,171,177],"encrypted":[28,56,109,140],"such":[30,58],"as":[31,59,191,193,203,205],"Hypertext":[32,52],"Transfer":[33,53],"Protocol":[34],"Secure.":[35],"To":[36,143],"address":[37],"this":[38,130],"challenge,":[39],"we":[40,132],"have":[41,199],"carefully":[42],"analyzed":[43],"mobile":[44,83],"app":[45,136],"(mainly":[47],"including":[48],"Domain":[49,97],"Name":[50,98],"System,":[51],"Protocol,":[54],"Secure":[60],"Sockets":[61],"Layer":[62,65],"Transport":[64],"Security)":[66],"observed":[68],"that":[69,91,185],"(1)":[70],"the":[71,108,121,175,178,186,196],"sets":[72],"server":[74,88],"hostnames":[75,89],"queried":[76],"different":[78],"apps":[79,84,93],"are":[80,151,161],"distinguishable;":[81],"(2)":[82],"may":[85,94,111],"query":[86],"multiple":[87],"simultaneously,":[90],"is,":[92],"send":[95],"several":[96],"System":[99],"lookups":[100],"within":[101],"short":[103],"time":[104],"interval;":[105],"(3)":[107],"be":[112,144,190],"similar":[113],"to":[114,153,163,173],"various":[115],"other":[116],"flows":[118],"generated":[119],"same":[122],"app.":[123],"Based":[124],"on":[125],"these":[126],"three":[127],"observations,":[128],"in":[129],"article,":[131],"propose":[133],"novel":[135],"methodology":[138],"flows.":[142],"specific,":[145],"temporal,":[146],"lexical,":[147],"metadata":[149],"similarity":[150],"investigated":[152],"select":[154],"correlated":[155],"information":[158],"retrieving":[159],"techniques":[160],"adopted":[162],"identify":[164],"apps.":[165],"We":[166],"ran":[167],"thorough":[169],"set":[170],"experiments":[172],"assess":[174],"performance":[176],"proposed":[179,197],"approaches.":[180],"The":[181],"experimental":[182],"results":[183],"show":[184],"accuracy":[188],"can":[189],"high":[192],"95%,":[194],"methods":[198],"low":[200],"storage":[201],"requirements":[202],"well":[204],"fast":[206],"training":[207],"speeds.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}