{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2530524465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147716662945","title":"A multi-hop angular routing protocol for wireless sensor networks","display_name":"A multi-hop angular routing protocol for wireless sensor networks","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2530524465","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147716662945","mag":"2530524465"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1550147716662945","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147716662945","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1550147716662945","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1550147716662945","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102832138","display_name":"Mariam Akbar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6192-8265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mariam Akbar","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055380996","display_name":"Nadeem Javaid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3777-8249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nadeem Javaid","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031927335","display_name":"Muhammad Imran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6946-2591"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Imran","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, AlMuzahmiah, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, AlMuzahmiah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103716008","display_name":"Areeba Rao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Areeba Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005051127","display_name":"Muhammad Shahzad Younis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2489-0234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Shahzad Younis","raw_affiliation_strings":["SEECS, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SEECS, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078756309","display_name":"Iftikhar Azim Niaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9431-6879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iftikhar Azim Niaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055380996"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2200},"fwci":0.5791,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72537438,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"9","first_page":"155014771666294","last_page":"155014771666294"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8429127931594849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.6909253597259521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6370248198509216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5860773324966431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5727124810218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.525782585144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.52384352684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-routing-protocol","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","score":0.48636987805366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zone-routing-protocol","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol","score":0.43262535333633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.37422484159469604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8429127931594849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.6909253597259521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6370248198509216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5860773324966431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5727124810218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.525782585144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.52384352684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47318570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8026863","display_name":"Wireless Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.48636987805366516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189884158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8073926","display_name":"Zone Routing Protocol","level":5,"score":0.43262535333633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.37422484159469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1550147716662945","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147716662945","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1550147716662945","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:vital:16882","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/186436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400234","display_name":"FedUni ResearchOnline (Federation University Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210158496","host_organization_name":"Australian Federation of University Women \u2013 South Australia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158496"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:sae:intdis:v:12:y:2016:i:9:p:1550147716662945","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1550147716662945","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:16dcb32300a54655919fe118bbb52055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/16dcb32300a54655919fe118bbb52055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, Vol 12 (2016)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1550147716662945","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1550147716662945","pdf_url":"https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1550147716662945","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64417657","display_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-1329","issn":["1550-1329","1550-1477"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319869","host_organization_name":"Hindawi Publishing Corporation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319869"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Hindawi Publishing Corporation"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2530524465.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2530524465.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493144892","https://openalex.org/W1964338239","https://openalex.org/W1997471137","https://openalex.org/W2021605542","https://openalex.org/W2033168596","https://openalex.org/W2043209049","https://openalex.org/W2058302113","https://openalex.org/W2075401939","https://openalex.org/W2078303528","https://openalex.org/W2082483436","https://openalex.org/W2095960740","https://openalex.org/W2106335692","https://openalex.org/W2108777122","https://openalex.org/W2112577636","https://openalex.org/W2116530722","https://openalex.org/W2119106551","https://openalex.org/W2120095838","https://openalex.org/W2132113907","https://openalex.org/W2140431068","https://openalex.org/W2151702487","https://openalex.org/W2155864758","https://openalex.org/W2162658094","https://openalex.org/W2168452204","https://openalex.org/W2323415919","https://openalex.org/W2769558274","https://openalex.org/W4238398118"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2546592407","https://openalex.org/W2011277702","https://openalex.org/W1593279778","https://openalex.org/W3022598921","https://openalex.org/W1680412704","https://openalex.org/W2544170366","https://openalex.org/W2145414295","https://openalex.org/W2035482066","https://openalex.org/W3192945866","https://openalex.org/W2390985957"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,121],"article,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"two":[5,90],"new":[6],"routing":[7,81,150],"protocols":[8],"for":[9,31,56,74,93,105,113],"wireless":[10],"sensor":[11],"networks.":[12],"First":[13],"one":[14,60,103],"is":[15,61,84,117,158],"AM-DisCNT":[16,127,155],"(angular":[17],"multi-hop":[18],"distance\u2013based":[19],"clustering":[20,143],"network":[21],"transmission)":[22],"protocol":[23,39,65],"which":[24,66],"uses":[25],"circular":[26],"deployment":[27],"of":[28,80,109,120,154],"sensors":[29],"(nodes)":[30],"uniform":[32],"energy":[33,50,107],"consumption":[34,108],"in":[35,41,165],"the":[36,78,168],"network.":[37],"The":[38],"operates":[40],"such":[42],"a":[43],"way":[44],"that":[45,126],"nodes":[46],"with":[47,86,167],"maximum":[48],"residual":[49],"are":[51],"selected":[52],"as":[53,137],"cluster":[54],"heads":[55],"each":[57],"round.":[58],"Second":[59],"iAM-DisCNT":[62,83,131,157],"(improved":[63],"AM-DisCNT)":[64],"exploits":[67],"both":[68],"mobile":[69],"and":[70,97,102,130,145,156,162],"static":[71],"base":[72],"stations":[73],"throughput":[75,153],"maximization.":[76],"Besides":[77],"proposition":[79],"protocols,":[82],"provided":[85],"three":[87],"mathematical":[88,115],"models:":[89],"linear-programming-based":[91,114],"models":[92],"information":[94],"flow":[95],"maximization":[96],"packet":[98],"drop":[99],"rate":[100],"minimization":[101],"model":[104],"calculating":[106],"nodes.":[110],"Graphical":[111],"analysis":[112],"formulation":[116],"also":[118],"part":[119],"work.":[122],"Simulation":[123],"results":[124],"show":[125],"has":[128,132],"32%":[129],"48%":[133],"improved":[134,159],"stability":[135],"period":[136],"compared":[138],"to":[139],"LEACH":[140],"(low-energy":[141],"adaptive":[142],"hierarchy)":[144],"DEEC":[146],"(distributed":[147],"energy-efficient":[148],"clustering)":[149],"protocols.":[151],"Similarly,":[152],"by":[160],"16%":[161],"80%,":[163],"respectively,":[164],"comparison":[166],"counterpart":[169],"schemes.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
