{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3216981378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14738716221142005","title":"VisRuler: Visual analytics for extracting decision rules from bagged and boosted decision trees","display_name":"VisRuler: Visual analytics for extracting decision rules from bagged and boosted decision trees","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3216981378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14738716221142005","mag":"3216981378"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/14738716221142005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14738716221142005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55152591","display_name":"Information Visualization","issn_l":"1473-8716","issn":["1473-8716","1473-8724"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Visualization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14738716221142005","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070488104","display_name":"Angelos Chatzimparmpas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9079-2376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223464139","display_name":"Linnaeus University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9qag85","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Angelos Chatzimparmpas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055188702","display_name":"Rafael M. Martins","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2901-935X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223464139","display_name":"Linnaeus University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9qag85","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael M. Martins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006966951","display_name":"Andreas Kerren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0519-2537"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223464139","display_name":"Linnaeus University","ror":"https://ror.org/00j9qag85","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Kerren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden","Department of Science and Technology, Link\u00f6ping University, Norrk\u00f6ping, Sweden"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Linnaeus University, V\u00e4xj\u00f6, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Science and Technology, Link\u00f6ping University, Norrk\u00f6ping, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070488104"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.719,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86205365,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"2","first_page":"115","last_page":"139"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13398","display_name":"Data Analysis with R","score":0.9718000292778015,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.8475915193557739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8420411348342896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.7886909246444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.7484873533248901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boosting","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","score":0.7436158657073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6719157695770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.650664746761322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.5923308730125427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5810208320617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-analytics","display_name":"Visual analytics","score":0.5563541650772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.516521155834198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-analysis","display_name":"Decision analysis","score":0.46256718039512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-analytics","display_name":"Predictive analytics","score":0.4583958387374878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-rule","display_name":"Decision rule","score":0.436431348323822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"Decision support system","score":0.41355371475219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.34833163022994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.303407222032547}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.8475915193557739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8420411348342896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.7886909246444702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.7484873533248901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.7436158657073975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6719157695770264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.650664746761322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.5923308730125427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5810208320617676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59732488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528440","display_name":"Visual analytics","level":3,"score":0.5563541650772095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.516521155834198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186116695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249226","display_name":"Decision analysis","level":2,"score":0.46256718039512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83209312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053367","display_name":"Predictive analytics","level":2,"score":0.4583958387374878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84839998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249245","display_name":"Decision rule","level":2,"score":0.436431348323822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.41355371475219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34833163022994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.303407222032547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/14738716221142005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14738716221142005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55152591","display_name":"Information Visualization","issn_l":"1473-8716","issn":["1473-8716","1473-8724"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Visualization","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2112.00334","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2112.00334","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.00334","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:liu-191851","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-191851","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article in journal"},{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:lnu-117897","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-117897","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401598","display_name":"DiVA (Linnaeus University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I223464139","host_organization_name":"Linnaeus University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223464139"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/14738716221142005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14738716221142005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55152591","display_name":"Information Visualization","issn_l":"1473-8716","issn":["1473-8716","1473-8724"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Visualization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44999998807907104,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":122,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4709571","https://openalex.org/W28412257","https://openalex.org/W66443818","https://openalex.org/W73593153","https://openalex.org/W74439177","https://openalex.org/W1480376833","https://openalex.org/W1583837637","https://openalex.org/W1673310716","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W1823329909","https://openalex.org/W1955018252","https://openalex.org/W1974584593","https://openalex.org/W1974767305","https://openalex.org/W1989505216","https://openalex.org/W1996796871","https://openalex.org/W2001619934","https://openalex.org/W2019976298","https://openalex.org/W2020098460","https://openalex.org/W2027785187","https://openalex.org/W2033074184","https://openalex.org/W2045649112","https://openalex.org/W2056132907","https://openalex.org/W2060928463","https://openalex.org/W2068141066","https://openalex.org/W2071651442","https://openalex.org/W2073883415","https://openalex.org/W2074494141","https://openalex.org/W2077450748","https://openalex.org/W2080706130","https://openalex.org/W2083322541","https://openalex.org/W2083857255","https://openalex.org/W2084341220","https://openalex.org/W2088378580","https://openalex.org/W2092900780","https://openalex.org/W2093717447","https://openalex.org/W2097126893","https://openalex.org/W2097998348","https://openalex.org/W2099236231","https://openalex.org/W2100805904","https://openalex.org/W2101234009","https://openalex.org/W2106525823","https://openalex.org/W2112076978","https://openalex.org/W2116873850","https://openalex.org/W2127058057","https://openalex.org/W2131819768","https://openalex.org/W2132033999","https://openalex.org/W2137968596","https://openalex.org/W2141986476","https://openalex.org/W2145073242","https://openalex.org/W2152761983","https://openalex.org/W2153942843","https://openalex.org/W2155261478","https://openalex.org/W2157242525","https://openalex.org/W2158778465","https://openalex.org/W2163901928","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2367397349","https://openalex.org/W2460890368","https://openalex.org/W2510750606","https://openalex.org/W2512274390","https://openalex.org/W2532108707","https://openalex.org/W2556501567","https://openalex.org/W2744304370","https://openalex.org/W2751722336","https://openalex.org/W2753676244","https://openalex.org/W2755250176","https://openalex.org/W2786672974","https://openalex.org/W2789758093","https://openalex.org/W2805502900","https://openalex.org/W2883424428","https://openalex.org/W2886614482","https://openalex.org/W2890729396","https://openalex.org/W2891130433","https://openalex.org/W2893159103","https://openalex.org/W2896897713","https://openalex.org/W2905064480","https://openalex.org/W2911449240","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2912083425","https://openalex.org/W2914369697","https://openalex.org/W2922409173","https://openalex.org/W2949973186","https://openalex.org/W2962865691","https://openalex.org/W2963673242","https://openalex.org/W2964161291","https://openalex.org/W2964303497","https://openalex.org/W2967578682","https://openalex.org/W2975605169","https://openalex.org/W2988437828","https://openalex.org/W2991579958","https://openalex.org/W2995658484","https://openalex.org/W2996061341","https://openalex.org/W2996764908","https://openalex.org/W3004732066","https://openalex.org/W3010165226","https://openalex.org/W3011179515","https://openalex.org/W3015926775","https://openalex.org/W3023289764","https://openalex.org/W3023454035","https://openalex.org/W3034069517","https://openalex.org/W3041191759","https://openalex.org/W3042778898","https://openalex.org/W3042781247","https://openalex.org/W3092425241","https://openalex.org/W3110515458","https://openalex.org/W3120149888","https://openalex.org/W3120740533","https://openalex.org/W3126628213","https://openalex.org/W3138819813","https://openalex.org/W3170000029","https://openalex.org/W3174542393","https://openalex.org/W3174970873","https://openalex.org/W3204430031","https://openalex.org/W3211500989","https://openalex.org/W3216201365","https://openalex.org/W3217036605","https://openalex.org/W4221044641","https://openalex.org/W4240294902","https://openalex.org/W4240587691","https://openalex.org/W4255938757"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2543893460","https://openalex.org/W2625478334","https://openalex.org/W2135386404","https://openalex.org/W2053427568","https://openalex.org/W3079225918","https://openalex.org/W2036789112","https://openalex.org/W1979531177","https://openalex.org/W2369814984","https://openalex.org/W2385474689","https://openalex.org/W2069917210"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bagging":[0],"and":[1,57,66,74,82,88,131,148,176,188,199,224],"boosting":[2,83],"are":[3,44,152],"two":[4],"popular":[5],"ensemble":[6,22,137],"methods":[7],"in":[8,37,61,111,229],"machine":[9],"learning":[10,138],"(ML)":[11],"that":[12,63,106,124,206],"produce":[13],"many":[14],"individual":[15],"decision":[16,31,42,48,167,217],"trees.":[17],"Due":[18],"to":[19,108,144,210,215],"the":[20,51,55,78,92,170,177,186,221,226],"inherent":[21],"characteristic":[23],"of":[24,54,80,94,129,173,190],"these":[25],"methods,":[26],"they":[27],"typically":[28],"outperform":[29],"single":[30],"trees":[32],"or":[33],"other":[34],"ML":[35,116],"models":[36,117,133,175],"predictive":[38],"performance.":[39],"However,":[40],"numerous":[41],"paths":[43],"generated":[45],"for":[46,154,159],"each":[47],"tree,":[49],"increasing":[50],"overall":[52],"complexity":[53],"model":[56],"hindering":[58],"its":[59],"use":[60,194,212],"domains":[62],"require":[64],"trustworthy":[65],"explainable":[67],"decisions,":[68],"such":[69,115],"as":[70,85,91],"finance,":[71],"social":[72],"care,":[73],"health":[75],"care.":[76],"Thus,":[77],"interpretability":[79],"bagging":[81],"algorithms\u2014such":[84],"random":[86],"forest":[87],"adaptive":[89],"boosting\u2014reduces":[90],"number":[93],"decisions":[95,113,151,180],"rises.":[96],"In":[97],"this":[98],"paper,":[99],"we":[100],"propose":[101],"a":[102,119,127,165,193,196,200,230],"visual":[103,121],"analytics":[104],"tool":[105],"aims":[107],"assist":[109],"users":[110,208],"extracting":[112],"from":[114,135],"via":[118,192],"thorough":[120],"inspection":[122],"workflow":[123],"includes":[125],"selecting":[126],"set":[128],"robust":[130],"diverse":[132],"(originating":[134],"different":[136],"algorithms),":[139],"choosing":[140],"important":[141],"features":[142],"according":[143],"their":[145],"global":[146,155],"contribution,":[147],"deciding":[149],"which":[150],"essential":[153],"explanation":[156],"(or":[157],"locally,":[158],"specific":[160],"cases).":[161],"The":[162,203],"outcome":[163],"is":[164],"final":[166],"based":[168],"on":[169],"class":[171],"agreement":[172],"several":[174],"explored":[178],"manual":[179],"exported":[181],"by":[182],"users.":[183],"We":[184],"evaluated":[185],"applicability":[187],"effectiveness":[189],"VisRuler":[191],"case,":[195],"usage":[197],"scenario,":[198],"user":[201],"study.":[202],"evaluation":[204],"revealed":[205],"most":[207],"managed":[209],"successfully":[211],"our":[213],"system":[214],"explore":[216],"rules":[218],"visually,":[219],"performing":[220],"proposed":[222],"tasks":[223],"answering":[225],"given":[227],"questions":[228],"satisfying":[231],"way.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
