{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2313429416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473871616638546","title":"Modeling and evaluating user behavior in exploratory visual analysis","display_name":"Modeling and evaluating user behavior in exploratory visual analysis","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2313429416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473871616638546","mag":"2313429416"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1473871616638546","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473871616638546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55152591","display_name":"Information Visualization","issn_l":"1473-8716","issn":["1473-8716","1473-8724"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Visualization","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060626774","display_name":"Khairi Reda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8096-658X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117965899","display_name":"University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa","ror":"https://ror.org/01wspgy28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282105669","display_name":"Argonne National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gvnxz63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Khairi Reda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA","University of Hawai\u2019i at M\u0101noa, Honolulu, HI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hawai\u2019i at M\u0101noa, Honolulu, HI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067361768","display_name":"Andrew Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0814-6093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew E. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010928934","display_name":"Michael E. Papka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6418-5767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102502594","display_name":"Northern Illinois University","ror":"https://ror.org/012wxa772","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102502594"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282105669","display_name":"Argonne National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gvnxz63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael E. Papka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA","Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102502594"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037183247","display_name":"Jason Leigh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7693-2814"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117965899","display_name":"University of Hawai\u02bbi at M\u0101noa","ror":"https://ror.org/01wspgy28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason Leigh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Hawai\u2019i at M\u0101noa, Honolulu, HI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hawai\u2019i at M\u0101noa, Honolulu, HI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117965899"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060626774"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117965899","https://openalex.org/I1282105669"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8231,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89890969,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"4","first_page":"325","last_page":"339"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9822999835014343,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12650","display_name":"Aesthetic Perception and Analysis","score":0.9347000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.885482668876648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.7685883045196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.728121817111969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-analytics","display_name":"Visual analytics","score":0.7115581631660461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interactive-visual-analysis","display_name":"Interactive visual analysis","score":0.6299166679382324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5941755771636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5714118480682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploratory-data-analysis","display_name":"Exploratory data analysis","score":0.5167197585105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploratory-research","display_name":"Exploratory research","score":0.4807262718677521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-visualization","display_name":"Data visualization","score":0.4288962483406067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4188993573188782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.41393956542015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33316731452941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.21106550097465515}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.885482668876648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.7685883045196533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.728121817111969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59732488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2528440","display_name":"Visual analytics","level":3,"score":0.7115581631660461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99740376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092520","display_name":"Interactive visual analysis","level":4,"score":0.6299166679382324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5941755771636963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5714118480682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120894424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1322871","display_name":"Exploratory data analysis","level":2,"score":0.5167197585105896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.4807262718677521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172367668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504956","display_name":"Data visualization","level":3,"score":0.4288962483406067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4188993573188782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.41393956542015076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33316731452941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.21106550097465515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1473871616638546","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1473871616638546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55152591","display_name":"Information Visualization","issn_l":"1473-8716","issn":["1473-8716","1473-8724"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Information Visualization","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9237225","https://openalex.org/W52809394","https://openalex.org/W1512287614","https://openalex.org/W1577075908","https://openalex.org/W1823329909","https://openalex.org/W1906453299","https://openalex.org/W1937626386","https://openalex.org/W1987135115","https://openalex.org/W1990401068","https://openalex.org/W1992743299","https://openalex.org/W1993159344","https://openalex.org/W2002544066","https://openalex.org/W2007738535","https://openalex.org/W2033074184","https://openalex.org/W2045317751","https://openalex.org/W2049012614","https://openalex.org/W2055505161","https://openalex.org/W2057718781","https://openalex.org/W2058203255","https://openalex.org/W2073800769","https://openalex.org/W2083922075","https://openalex.org/W2085529605","https://openalex.org/W2106814120","https://openalex.org/W2114265882","https://openalex.org/W2119477629","https://openalex.org/W2121003513","https://openalex.org/W2129815685","https://openalex.org/W2130627625","https://openalex.org/W2130774862","https://openalex.org/W2138199375","https://openalex.org/W2142493242","https://openalex.org/W2154280685","https://openalex.org/W2161133721","https://openalex.org/W2264140324","https://openalex.org/W2293580069","https://openalex.org/W2319794630","https://openalex.org/W2322610052","https://openalex.org/W2333057202","https://openalex.org/W2914783728","https://openalex.org/W3016054986","https://openalex.org/W4230323307","https://openalex.org/W4234719571","https://openalex.org/W4235553943","https://openalex.org/W4236544382","https://openalex.org/W4243216998","https://openalex.org/W4255775921","https://openalex.org/W4313638321"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148525144","https://openalex.org/W3041760129","https://openalex.org/W2134678736","https://openalex.org/W2112083262","https://openalex.org/W2400976661","https://openalex.org/W2013467770","https://openalex.org/W3162943795","https://openalex.org/W2996634302","https://openalex.org/W2801605877","https://openalex.org/W2751110224"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Empirical":[0],"evaluation":[1],"methods":[2,31],"for":[3,46,73,96],"visualizations":[4],"have":[5],"traditionally":[6],"focused":[7],"on":[8],"assessing":[9],"the":[10,13,52,100,128,153,157,174,179,182,196],"outcome":[11],"of":[12,30,54,102,138,176],"visual":[14,62,106,110,170],"analytic":[15],"process":[16,23,116],"as":[17],"opposed":[18],"to":[19,36,48,75,78,155,165],"characterizing":[20],"how":[21,39,82],"that":[22,32,162],"unfolds.":[24],"There":[25],"are":[26,163],"only":[27],"a":[28,94,113,136],"handful":[29],"can":[33,132],"be":[34,76,133],"used":[35],"systematically":[37],"study":[38],"people":[40],"use":[41],"visualizations,":[42],"making":[43],"it":[44,70,202],"difficult":[45],"researchers":[47,74],"capture":[49],"and":[50,56,66,80,98,122,127,144,147,159,172,181,194,198],"characterize":[51,156],"subtlety":[53],"cognitive":[55,158],"interaction":[57,177],"behaviors":[58],"users":[59,83,103],"exhibit":[60],"during":[61],"analysis.":[63,107],"To":[64],"validate":[65],"improve":[67],"visualization":[68,86,183],"design,":[69],"is":[71],"important":[72],"able":[77],"assess":[79],"understand":[81],"interact":[84],"with":[85,189],"systems":[87],"under":[88],"realistic":[89],"scenarios.":[90],"This":[91,150],"article":[92],"presents":[93],"methodology":[95],"modeling":[97],"evaluating":[99],"behavior":[101],"in":[104,168],"exploratory":[105,169],"We":[108,185],"model":[109,151,188],"exploration":[111],"using":[112],"Markov":[114],"chain":[115],"comprising":[117],"transitions":[118,129],"between":[119,130,178],"mental,":[120],"interaction,":[121],"computational":[123,160],"states.":[124],"These":[125],"states":[126],"them":[131],"deduced":[134],"from":[135],"variety":[137],"sources,":[139],"including":[140],"verbal":[141],"transcripts,":[142],"videos":[143],"audio":[145],"recordings,":[146],"log":[148],"files.":[149],"enables":[152],"evaluator":[154],"processes":[161],"essential":[164],"insight":[166],"acquisition":[167],"analysis":[171],"reconstruct":[173],"dynamics":[175],"user":[180,192],"system.":[184],"illustrate":[186],"this":[187],"two":[190],"exemplar":[191],"studies,":[193],"demonstrate":[195],"qualitative":[197],"quantitative":[199],"analytical":[200],"tools":[201],"affords.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}