{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3134328369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444821998691","title":"Assessing the relative merits of news literacy and corrections in responding to misinformation on Twitter","display_name":"Assessing the relative merits of news literacy and corrections in responding to misinformation on Twitter","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3134328369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444821998691","mag":"3134328369"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1461444821998691","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444821998691","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S88603889","display_name":"New Media & Society","issn_l":"1461-4448","issn":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New Media & Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022408597","display_name":"Emily K. Vraga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3016-3869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101327","display_name":"Twin Cities Orthopedics","ror":"https://ror.org/01en4s460","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emily Vraga","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota Twin Cities, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3016-3869","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota Twin Cities, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101327","https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004078345","display_name":"Melissa Tully","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1850-3477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melissa Tully","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Iowa, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Iowa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047121097","display_name":"Leticia Bode","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9859-2918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184565670","display_name":"Georgetown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05vzafd60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leticia Bode","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgetown University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgetown University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184565670"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022408597"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516","https://openalex.org/I4210101327"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":23.4443,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":98,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99495224,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"10","first_page":"2354","last_page":"2371"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13277","display_name":"Media, Religion, Digital Communication","score":0.9627000093460083,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/misinformation","display_name":"Misinformation","score":0.9624789953231812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credibility","display_name":"Credibility","score":0.8480416536331177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.6201856732368469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/literacy","display_name":"Literacy","score":0.5866516828536987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5228484272956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.5195767879486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feeling","display_name":"Feeling","score":0.5171796083450317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","score":0.5126604437828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-literacy","display_name":"Media literacy","score":0.5094349980354309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-intervention","display_name":"Psychological intervention","score":0.46702101826667786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-literacy","display_name":"Health literacy","score":0.46402934193611145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.44882163405418396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-literacy","display_name":"Information literacy","score":0.43848156929016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cynicism","display_name":"Cynicism","score":0.43304795026779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.4190242290496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2817193269729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.17568552494049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.13048383593559265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.10401344299316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.07516831159591675}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776990098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13579947","display_name":"Misinformation","level":2,"score":0.9624789953231812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530061","display_name":"Credibility","level":2,"score":0.8480416536331177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6201856732368469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.5866516828536987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5228484272956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.5195767879486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122980154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205555","display_name":"Feeling","level":2,"score":0.5171796083450317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5126604437828064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97628146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1507246","display_name":"Media literacy","level":2,"score":0.5094349980354309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.46702101826667786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778843546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3097973","display_name":"Health literacy","level":3,"score":0.46402934193611145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.44882163405418396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119883117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679789","display_name":"Information literacy","level":2,"score":0.43848156929016113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779114464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245781","display_name":"Cynicism","level":3,"score":0.43304795026779175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4190242290496826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2817193269729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.17568552494049072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.13048383593559265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.10401344299316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.07516831159591675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1461444821998691","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444821998691","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S88603889","display_name":"New Media & Society","issn_l":"1461-4448","issn":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New Media & Society","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337694","display_name":"Arthur W. Page Center for Integrity in Public Communication","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W629097987","https://openalex.org/W1482406218","https://openalex.org/W1517229207","https://openalex.org/W1584423677","https://openalex.org/W1613353461","https://openalex.org/W1831330366","https://openalex.org/W1991840022","https://openalex.org/W2012818426","https://openalex.org/W2016520072","https://openalex.org/W2058949892","https://openalex.org/W2060086366","https://openalex.org/W2061841059","https://openalex.org/W2115936675","https://openalex.org/W2122305905","https://openalex.org/W2132553681","https://openalex.org/W2227639405","https://openalex.org/W2297784848","https://openalex.org/W2342337324","https://openalex.org/W2502376314","https://openalex.org/W2552472551","https://openalex.org/W2582561810","https://openalex.org/W2599946454","https://openalex.org/W2608568520","https://openalex.org/W2615441489","https://openalex.org/W2756167825","https://openalex.org/W2760944227","https://openalex.org/W2762175849","https://openalex.org/W2790166049","https://openalex.org/W2803783310","https://openalex.org/W2886916242","https://openalex.org/W2888571776","https://openalex.org/W2891951445","https://openalex.org/W2912249915","https://openalex.org/W2939543839","https://openalex.org/W2950092971","https://openalex.org/W2956117722","https://openalex.org/W2970864903","https://openalex.org/W2973736928","https://openalex.org/W2974057969","https://openalex.org/W2982071752","https://openalex.org/W2991381868","https://openalex.org/W3003338497","https://openalex.org/W3027705087","https://openalex.org/W3029515893","https://openalex.org/W3037661194","https://openalex.org/W3038656629","https://openalex.org/W3046904096","https://openalex.org/W3089750590","https://openalex.org/W3110309004","https://openalex.org/W4210995763","https://openalex.org/W4212931339","https://openalex.org/W4247139800","https://openalex.org/W4300170376"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3197131596","https://openalex.org/W1991793362","https://openalex.org/W4390616380","https://openalex.org/W1563289366","https://openalex.org/W4388666321","https://openalex.org/W1976246647","https://openalex.org/W4205914924","https://openalex.org/W4296762277","https://openalex.org/W2388970927","https://openalex.org/W3166957622"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Extending":[0],"previous":[1],"research,":[2],"we":[3,26,52],"test":[4],"two":[5],"solutions":[6],"for":[7,46,86,127],"addressing":[8],"misinformation":[9,21,68,74],"by":[10],"pairing":[11],"news":[12,42,81,137],"literacy":[13,43,82,138],"(NL)":[14],"messages":[15,126],"with":[16],"corrective":[17,108],"responses":[18,109],"to":[19,97,141],"health":[20],"shared":[22],"on":[23],"Twitter.":[24],"Importantly,":[25],"consider":[27],"a":[28,58],"range":[29,134],"of":[30,41,57,66,79,89,106,123,135],"outcomes,":[31],"including":[32],"not":[33,102],"just":[34],"credibility":[35,64],"or":[36,94],"misperceptions,":[37],"but":[38,72],"also":[39,75],"feelings":[40],"and":[44,70,83,114],"support":[45],"its":[47,84],"value.":[48],"Using":[49],"an":[50,98],"experiment,":[51],"find":[53],"that":[54,130],"user":[55],"corrections":[56],"meme":[59],"containing":[60],"false":[61],"information":[62],"reduced":[63],"assessments":[65],"the":[67,104,121,132],"post":[69],"misperceptions":[71],"seeing":[73],"produced":[76],"lower":[77],"perceptions":[78],"personal":[80],"value":[85],"society,":[87],"regardless":[88],"whether":[90],"it":[91],"is":[92],"corrected":[93],"not.":[95],"Exposure":[96],"NL":[99,112,125],"message":[100],"did":[101],"enhance":[103],"effectiveness":[105],"these":[107],"nor":[110],"boost":[111],"attitudes":[113],"may":[115],"have":[116],"generated":[117],"cynicism.":[118],"We":[119],"discuss":[120],"challenges":[122],"designing":[124],"social":[128],"media":[129],"achieve":[131],"wide":[133],"goals":[136],"interventions":[139],"aspire":[140],"address.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}