{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2339049331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444815616617","title":"Understanding variations in user response to social media campaigns: A study of Facebook posts in the 2010 US elections","display_name":"Understanding variations in user response to social media campaigns: A study of Facebook posts in the 2010 US elections","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2339049331","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444815616617","mag":"2339049331"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1461444815616617","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444815616617","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S88603889","display_name":"New Media & Society","issn_l":"1461-4448","issn":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New Media & Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019959788","display_name":"Michael A. Xenos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2604-172X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael A Xenos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081268089","display_name":"Timothy Macafee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6753-0343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I105925353","display_name":"Concordia University Wisconsin","ror":"https://ror.org/04k83g518","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I105925353"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Macafee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia University Wisconsin, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia University Wisconsin, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I105925353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055658459","display_name":"Antoinette Pole","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3593-8448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166088655","display_name":"Montclair State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01nxc2t48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166088655"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antoinette Pole","raw_affiliation_strings":["Montclair State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montclair State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166088655"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019959788"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.5839,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":89,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97177923,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"6","first_page":"826","last_page":"842"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.8187999129295349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-media","display_name":"Digital media","score":0.5102105140686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.5047491788864136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tone","display_name":"Tone (literature)","score":0.48062819242477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4548034369945526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-engagement","display_name":"User engagement","score":0.4234519898891449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.3671942949295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3045641779899597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2917746305465698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.2891962230205536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.14156070351600647}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.8187999129295349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17632256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076968","display_name":"Digital media","level":2,"score":0.5102105140686035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.5047491788864136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780583480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1366327","display_name":"Tone (literature)","level":2,"score":0.48062819242477417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4548034369945526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984870255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196451","display_name":"User engagement","level":2,"score":0.4234519898891449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.3671942949295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3045641779899597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2917746305465698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2891962230205536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.14156070351600647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1461444815616617","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444815616617","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S88603889","display_name":"New Media & Society","issn_l":"1461-4448","issn":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New Media & Society","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W571363641","https://openalex.org/W1497123038","https://openalex.org/W1528407590","https://openalex.org/W1552247668","https://openalex.org/W1585205685","https://openalex.org/W1590495275","https://openalex.org/W1894718218","https://openalex.org/W1967768847","https://openalex.org/W1985587920","https://openalex.org/W1993542478","https://openalex.org/W2019287449","https://openalex.org/W2025507093","https://openalex.org/W2043270718","https://openalex.org/W2048088596","https://openalex.org/W2050945861","https://openalex.org/W2051176206","https://openalex.org/W2068221878","https://openalex.org/W2068950776","https://openalex.org/W2093797900","https://openalex.org/W2094976461","https://openalex.org/W2095669402","https://openalex.org/W2100277498","https://openalex.org/W2102915451","https://openalex.org/W2108371132","https://openalex.org/W2110221578","https://openalex.org/W2116906612","https://openalex.org/W2119085303","https://openalex.org/W2135846895","https://openalex.org/W2144113088","https://openalex.org/W2145291644","https://openalex.org/W2149170403","https://openalex.org/W2158999518","https://openalex.org/W2403495181","https://openalex.org/W2621870510","https://openalex.org/W2753666478","https://openalex.org/W3121538130","https://openalex.org/W4211255952","https://openalex.org/W4231961751","https://openalex.org/W4254128747","https://openalex.org/W4256040719","https://openalex.org/W4300519974","https://openalex.org/W4388079888"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2372714829","https://openalex.org/W2087509987","https://openalex.org/W2273760643","https://openalex.org/W2564078509","https://openalex.org/W2781725988","https://openalex.org/W2051852166","https://openalex.org/W2729797474","https://openalex.org/W3123714837","https://openalex.org/W2890689040"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Political":[0],"candidates":[1],"increasingly":[2],"have":[3,49],"incorporated":[4],"social":[5,51,58,96],"media":[6,59,97],"tools":[7,14],"like":[8],"Facebook":[9],"into":[10],"their":[11,41],"campaigns.":[12],"Such":[13],"enable":[15],"supporters":[16,101],"to":[17,33,35,63,79,127],"interact":[18],"directly":[19],"and":[20,27,38,98,115,133],"easily":[21],"with":[22,100],"campaigns,":[23],"creating":[24],"an":[25],"immediate":[26],"relatively":[28],"informal":[29],"way":[30],"for":[31],"users":[32,129],"respond":[34,130],"candidate":[36,80],"messages":[37],"publicly":[39],"display":[40],"support.":[42],"Previous":[43],"research":[44],"has":[45],"explored":[46],"how":[47,54,128],"campaigns":[48],"used":[50],"media,":[52],"or":[53],"the":[55,90,112],"use":[56],"of":[57,74,92,117],"may":[60],"be":[61],"related":[62,126],"political":[64],"engagement.":[65],"In":[66],"this":[67],"study,":[68],"we":[69],"provide":[70],"a":[71],"systematic":[72],"analysis":[73],"variations":[75,110],"in":[76,111],"user":[77],"response":[78],"messaging":[81],"through":[82,95,102,131],"Facebook.":[83],"Our":[84],"results":[85],"shed":[86],"new":[87],"light":[88],"on":[89],"dynamics":[91],"online":[93],"campaigning":[94],"engagement":[99],"digital":[103],"media.":[104],"Specifically,":[105],"our":[106],"findings":[107],"show":[108],"that":[109],"tone,":[113],"timing,":[114],"content":[116],"posts,":[118],"as":[119],"distinct":[120],"from":[121],"contextual":[122],"factors,":[123],"are":[124],"significantly":[125],"\u201clikes\u201d":[132],"comments.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T06:06:40.768181","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}