{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2123097327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444808101617","title":"A theory of relational signals in online groups","display_name":"A theory of relational signals in online groups","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-04-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2123097327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444808101617","mag":"2123097327"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1461444808101617","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444808101617","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S88603889","display_name":"New Media & Society","issn_l":"1461-4448","issn":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New Media &amp; Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046369365","display_name":"Uwe Matzat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3228-7512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83019370","display_name":"Eindhoven University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02c2kyt77","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Uwe Matzat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046369365"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83019370"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.0597,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96050666,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"3","first_page":"375","last_page":"394"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12028","display_name":"Knowledge Management and Sharing","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12028","display_name":"Knowledge Management and Sharing","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10970","display_name":"Team Dynamics and Performance","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typology","display_name":"Typology","score":0.8484138250350952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.6701545715332031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.5593500137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-community","display_name":"Online community","score":0.5302072763442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","score":0.5252751111984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-riding","display_name":"Free riding","score":0.47554585337638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-relation","display_name":"Social relation","score":0.4531053900718689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.4460318684577942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-control","display_name":"Social control","score":0.43915557861328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4205596148967743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.4128569960594177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.4111919403076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.25147247314453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.1601225733757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.1557694971561432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.11149317026138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.11086374521255493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-science","display_name":"Social science","score":0.10727930068969727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0886516273021698}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75795011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917904","display_name":"Typology","level":2,"score":0.8484138250350952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.6701545715332031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5593500137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778165684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6576792","display_name":"Online community","level":2,"score":0.5302072763442993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781311116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83306","display_name":"Group (periodic table)","level":2,"score":0.5252751111984253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85510643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5500284","display_name":"Free riding","level":3,"score":0.47554585337638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130064352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853725","display_name":"Social relation","level":2,"score":0.4531053900718689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.4460318684577942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37497375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623971","display_name":"Social control","level":2,"score":0.43915557861328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4205596148967743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4128569960594177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.4111919403076172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.25147247314453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1601225733757019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.1557694971561432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.11149317026138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.11086374521255493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.10727930068969727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0886516273021698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1461444808101617","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444808101617","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S88603889","display_name":"New Media & Society","issn_l":"1461-4448","issn":["1461-4448","1461-7315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"New Media &amp; Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.tue.nl:openaire_cris_publications/772ed71c-891a-470d-a5cd-cda2e75daa3f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/en/publications/772ed71c-891a-470d-a5cd-cda2e75daa3f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922641","display_name":"TU/e Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Matzat, U 2009, 'A theory of relational signals in online groups', New Media & Society, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 375-394. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444808101617","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:tue:oai:pure.tue.nl:publications/772ed71c-891a-470d-a5cd-cda2e75daa3f","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tue.nl/nl/publications/772ed71c-891a-470d-a5cd-cda2e75daa3f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"New Media &amp; Society, 11(3), 375 - 394. SAGE Publications Ltd","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6800000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W109939743","https://openalex.org/W1573700163","https://openalex.org/W1592309167","https://openalex.org/W1600426258","https://openalex.org/W1607478967","https://openalex.org/W1616693626","https://openalex.org/W1860356718","https://openalex.org/W1920976507","https://openalex.org/W1961867604","https://openalex.org/W1978764256","https://openalex.org/W1980000255","https://openalex.org/W1994143423","https://openalex.org/W1994373531","https://openalex.org/W2003496454","https://openalex.org/W2033074164","https://openalex.org/W2042250323","https://openalex.org/W2043787485","https://openalex.org/W2043989834","https://openalex.org/W2047125192","https://openalex.org/W2051081030","https://openalex.org/W2056249223","https://openalex.org/W2065867478","https://openalex.org/W2069427971","https://openalex.org/W2069651269","https://openalex.org/W2072923376","https://openalex.org/W2073722475","https://openalex.org/W2084715591","https://openalex.org/W2092029465","https://openalex.org/W2096008199","https://openalex.org/W2100381608","https://openalex.org/W2105394865","https://openalex.org/W2107678607","https://openalex.org/W2116339812","https://openalex.org/W2116543886","https://openalex.org/W2122225159","https://openalex.org/W2137137956","https://openalex.org/W2141222589","https://openalex.org/W2147643079","https://openalex.org/W2153943092","https://openalex.org/W2160752569","https://openalex.org/W2170722669","https://openalex.org/W2320979925","https://openalex.org/W2324656367","https://openalex.org/W2328105389","https://openalex.org/W2331496773","https://openalex.org/W2416963958","https://openalex.org/W2503331048","https://openalex.org/W2564226227","https://openalex.org/W2576297379","https://openalex.org/W2798360517","https://openalex.org/W2996523803","https://openalex.org/W3123795730","https://openalex.org/W3125241704","https://openalex.org/W3158448241","https://openalex.org/W3184295504","https://openalex.org/W4213443024","https://openalex.org/W4214584648","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4297081765","https://openalex.org/W4391965190","https://openalex.org/W6610101215"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2241143171","https://openalex.org/W3212604275","https://openalex.org/W4210715198","https://openalex.org/W4298181027","https://openalex.org/W654341863","https://openalex.org/W3170213355","https://openalex.org/W1904057732","https://openalex.org/W334991267","https://openalex.org/W2172189869","https://openalex.org/W1764580663"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"outcomes":[1],"of":[2,18,25,96,114,119,127,136,141,144],"interaction":[3,137],"in":[4,76],"online":[5,37,78,120],"communities":[6,123],"depend":[7],"to":[8,15,47,51,68,70,74,86,132],"a":[9,30,35],"large":[10],"extent":[11],"on":[12],"finding":[13],"solutions":[14],"typical":[16],"problems":[17,135],"interaction,":[19],"such":[20],"as":[21],"free-riding":[22,111],"and":[23,50,73,112,122,138],"lack":[24,113],"trust.":[26,115],"This":[27],"article":[28],"presents":[29],"theory":[31],"which":[32,104],"argues":[33],"that":[34],"member's":[36],"behaviour":[38,89],"sends":[39],"signals":[40],"about":[41],"how":[42],"(s)he":[43],"regards":[44],"the":[45,52,59,84,139],"relationship":[46],"other":[48],"members":[49,57],"group.":[53],"Under":[54],"specific":[55],"conditions,":[56],"take":[58],"signal":[60],"sending":[61],"into":[62],"account":[63],"when":[64],"they":[65],"decide":[66],"whether":[67],"contribute":[69],"group":[71],"discussions":[72],"participate":[75],"trust-demanding":[77],"activities.":[79],"Community":[80],"administrators":[81],"can":[82],"use":[83],"insights":[85],"influence":[87,103],"members'":[88],"by":[90],"using":[91],"social":[92,97,145],"control.":[93,146],"Three":[94],"forms":[95],"control":[98],"are":[99],"distinguished.":[100],"Group":[101],"conditions":[102],"form":[105],"is":[106,129],"more":[107,130],"adequate":[108],"for":[109],"diminishing":[110],"A":[116],"theory-guided":[117],"typology":[118],"groups":[121],"clarifies":[124],"what":[125],"type":[126],"community":[128],"likely":[131],"suffer":[133],"from":[134],"effects":[140],"each":[142],"kind":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
