{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3174986514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10943420211028940","title":"A survey of software implementations used by application codes in the Exascale Computing Project","display_name":"A survey of software implementations used by application codes in the Exascale Computing Project","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3174986514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10943420211028940","mag":"3174986514"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/10943420211028940","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10943420211028940","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60606485","display_name":"The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications","issn_l":"1094-3420","issn":["1094-3420","1741-2846"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/05z557r4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039733746","display_name":"Thomas Evans","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5743-3788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas M Evans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002070572","display_name":"Andrew Siegel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6552-0982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282105669","display_name":"Argonne National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gvnxz63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Siegel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Argonne National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Argonne National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282105669"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063517452","display_name":"Erik W. Draeger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4063-0253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282311441","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210138311"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik W Draeger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282311441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044323124","display_name":"Jack Deslippe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1785-4187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack Deslippe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072039402","display_name":"Marianne Francois","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3062-6234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marianne M Francois","raw_affiliation_strings":["Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003104055","display_name":"Timothy C. Germann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-238X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy C Germann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Los Alamos National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102842741","display_name":"William E. Hart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6849-2780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104735","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William E Hart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sandia National Laboratories, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sandia National Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020800294","display_name":"Daniel Mart\u00edn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4488-2538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148283060","display_name":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02jbv0t02","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I148283060","https://openalex.org/I39565521"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel F Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148283060"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039733746"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6829,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83444135,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"1","first_page":"5","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13465","display_name":"Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13465","display_name":"Graphite, nuclear technology, radiation studies","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11216","display_name":"Radiation Detection and Scintillator Technologies","score":0.9703999757766724,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3108","display_name":"Radiation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exascale-computing","display_name":"Exascale computing","score":0.8379409909248352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7926710844039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/codebase","display_name":"Codebase","score":0.6228913068771362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.5878231525421143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fortran","display_name":"Fortran","score":0.5348808765411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.49049681425094604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.481388121843338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-paradigm","display_name":"Programming paradigm","score":0.45863234996795654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.4373496472835541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.35192030668258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.3388388156890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.3344612121582031}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778837361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2450880","display_name":"Exascale computing","level":3,"score":0.8379409909248352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7926710844039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51929080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2425187","display_name":"Codebase","level":3,"score":0.6228913068771362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.5878231525421143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778241615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83303","display_name":"Fortran","level":2,"score":0.5348808765411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.49049681425094604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.481388121843338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.45863234996795654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.4373496472835541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.35192030668258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.3388388156890869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.3344612121582031}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/10943420211028940","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10943420211028940","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60606485","display_name":"The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications","issn_l":"1094-3420","issn":["1094-3420","1741-2846"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt05z557r4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/05z557r4","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/05z557r4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, vol 36, iss 1","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1798897","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1798897","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1825892","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1825892","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:1840201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1840201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt05z557r4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/05z557r4","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/05z557r4","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, vol 36, iss 1","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338286","display_name":"Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/041nk4h53"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3174986514.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3174986514.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2078794610","https://openalex.org/W2996807164","https://openalex.org/W2999555012","https://openalex.org/W3129271022","https://openalex.org/W4205744550"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4399354997","https://openalex.org/W3062287","https://openalex.org/W4210714572","https://openalex.org/W2460870572","https://openalex.org/W4236300446","https://openalex.org/W3174986514","https://openalex.org/W2044174377","https://openalex.org/W4318602927","https://openalex.org/W2157166182","https://openalex.org/W3192695480"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,39,81,96],"US":[1],"Department":[2],"of":[3,6,32,75,122],"Energy":[4],"Office":[5],"Science":[7],"and":[8,26,49,70,106,113,126],"the":[9,15,30,33,123,130,142],"National":[10],"Nuclear":[11],"Security":[12],"Administration":[13],"initiated":[14],"Exascale":[16],"Computing":[17],"Project":[18],"(ECP)":[19],"in":[20,37,65,91,111,129],"2016":[21],"to":[22,138],"prepare":[23],"mission-relevant":[24],"applications":[25,48,103,132],"scientific":[27],"software":[28],"for":[29],"delivery":[31],"exascale":[34,144],"computers":[35],"starting":[36],"2023.":[38],"ECP":[40,102,131],"currently":[41],"supports":[42],"24":[43,55],"efforts":[44],"directed":[45],"at":[46],"specific":[47],"six":[50],"supporting":[51],"co-design":[52],"projects.":[53],"These":[54],"application":[56,60,94],"projects":[57],"contain":[58],"62":[59],"codes":[61],"that":[62,134],"are":[63,104,109],"implemented":[64],"three":[66],"high-level":[67],"languages\u2014C,":[68],"C++,":[69,87],"Fortran\u2014and":[71],"use":[72],"22":[73],"combinations":[74],"graphical":[76],"processing":[77],"unit":[78],"programming":[79,99,124],"models.":[80],"most":[82,97],"common":[83,98],"implementation":[84],"language":[85],"is":[86,89],"which":[88,108],"used":[90,128,137],"53":[92],"different":[93],"codes.":[95],"models":[100,127],"across":[101],"CUDA":[105],"Kokkos,":[107],"employed":[110],"15":[112],"14":[114],"applications,":[115],"respectively.":[116],"This":[117],"article":[118],"provides":[119],"a":[120],"survey":[121],"languages":[125],"codebase":[133],"will":[135],"be":[136],"achieve":[139],"performance":[140],"on":[141],"future":[143],"hardware":[145],"platforms.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-18T10:00:31.954636","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}