{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3101880650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1094342020972461","title":"CFD code adaptation to the FPGA architecture","display_name":"CFD code adaptation to the FPGA architecture","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3101880650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1094342020972461","mag":"3101880650"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1094342020972461","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1094342020972461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60606485","display_name":"The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications","issn_l":"1094-3420","issn":["1094-3420","1741-2846"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041427052","display_name":"Krzysztof Rojek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2635-7345"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Krzysztof Rojek","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031656216","display_name":"Kamil Halbiniak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-8981"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamil Halbiniak","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069171629","display_name":"\u0141ukasz Kuczy\u0144ski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8113-7882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130294970","display_name":"Cz\u0119stochowa University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046awyn59","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130294970"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lukasz Kuczynski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130294970"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041427052"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.414,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81825878,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"1","first_page":"33","last_page":"46"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8023704886436462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xeon","display_name":"Xeon","score":0.6941710710525513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solver","display_name":"Solver","score":0.6411821246147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.6382653713226318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.615563690662384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xeon-phi","display_name":"Xeon Phi","score":0.5694711208343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-bandwidth","display_name":"Memory bandwidth","score":0.5431941151618958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-fluid-dynamics","display_name":"Computational fluid dynamics","score":0.5382111072540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconfigurable-computing","display_name":"Reconfigurable computing","score":0.4459984004497528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.4331654906272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.4308930039405823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.3913003206253052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.342029869556427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.32398220896720886}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8023704886436462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145108525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q656154","display_name":"Xeon","level":2,"score":0.6941710710525513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.6411821246147156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.6382653713226318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.615563690662384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96972482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049168","display_name":"Xeon Phi","level":2,"score":0.5694711208343506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188045654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17148339","display_name":"Memory bandwidth","level":2,"score":0.5431941151618958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1633027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815820","display_name":"Computational fluid dynamics","level":2,"score":0.5382111072540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142962650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q240838","display_name":"Reconfigurable computing","level":3,"score":0.4459984004497528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.4331654906272888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.4308930039405823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.3913003206253052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.342029869556427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.32398220896720886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1094342020972461","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1094342020972461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60606485","display_name":"The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications","issn_l":"1094-3420","issn":["1094-3420","1741-2846"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8299999833106995}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7035430154","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UMO-2017/26/D/ST6/00687","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","funder_display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","ror":"https://ror.org/03ha2q922"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W196866803","https://openalex.org/W200488240","https://openalex.org/W1832994429","https://openalex.org/W1865195249","https://openalex.org/W1972922682","https://openalex.org/W2025347051","https://openalex.org/W2041009247","https://openalex.org/W2063100550","https://openalex.org/W2342582448","https://openalex.org/W2396715572","https://openalex.org/W2415297410","https://openalex.org/W2427920602","https://openalex.org/W2508931359","https://openalex.org/W2519398037","https://openalex.org/W2529513625","https://openalex.org/W2533274380","https://openalex.org/W2599348543","https://openalex.org/W2622606893","https://openalex.org/W2751325608","https://openalex.org/W2788864020","https://openalex.org/W2800144703","https://openalex.org/W2969615899","https://openalex.org/W2980392990"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2989065226","https://openalex.org/W2575711770","https://openalex.org/W2205865923","https://openalex.org/W1445273741","https://openalex.org/W2623711278","https://openalex.org/W3094339781","https://openalex.org/W4224314965","https://openalex.org/W4214765606","https://openalex.org/W2892892150","https://openalex.org/W2076361081"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"the":[1,6,24,39,57,70,73,77,83,89,106,139,142,147,210,215,219,238,250,259],"last":[2],"years,":[3],"we":[4],"observe":[5],"intensive":[7,239],"development":[8],"of":[9,20,48,64,72,91,123,141,146,182,221],"accelerated":[10],"computing":[11],"platforms.":[12],"Although":[13],"current":[14],"trends":[15],"indicate":[16],"a":[17,45,101,120,161,180],"well-established":[18],"position":[19],"GPU":[21],"devices":[22],"in":[23,88,129],"HPC":[25],"environment,":[26],"FPGA":[27,74,148],"(Field-Programmable":[28],"Gate":[29],"Array)":[30],"aspires":[31],"to":[32,37,56,68,81,100,115,168,218,228,248,255,258],"be":[33],"an":[34],"alternative":[35],"solution":[36],"offload":[38],"CPU":[40,162,207],"computation.":[41],"This":[42],"paper":[43,66],"presents":[44],"systematic":[46],"adaptation":[47,135,157,245],"four":[49],"various":[50,186],"CFD":[51],"(Computational":[52],"Fluids":[53],"Dynamic)":[54],"kernels":[55,97,216],"Xilinx":[58],"Alveo":[59],"U250":[60],"FPGA.":[61],"The":[62,95,111,133,155,174],"goal":[63],"this":[65],"is":[67,113,126,136,158,227],"investigate":[69],"potential":[71],"architecture":[75],"as":[76,193,201,203],"future":[78],"infrastructure":[79],"able":[80],"provide":[82,169,234],"most":[84],"complex":[85],"numerical":[86,130],"simulations":[87],"area":[90],"fluid":[92,109],"flow":[93],"modeling.":[94],"selected":[96],"are":[98,177],"customized":[99],"real-scientific":[102],"scenario,":[103],"compatible":[104],"with":[105,160,179,237],"EULAG":[107],"(Eulerian/semi-Lagrangian)":[108],"solver.":[110],"solver":[112],"used":[114,128],"simulate":[116],"thermo-fluid":[117],"flows":[118],"across":[119],"wide":[121],"range":[122],"scales":[124],"and":[125,144,152,171,197,233],"extensively":[127],"weather":[131],"prediction.":[132],"proposed":[134,156],"focused":[137],"on":[138,209],"analysis":[140],"strengths":[143],"weaknesses":[145],"accelerator,":[149],"considering":[150],"performance":[151,175,251],"energy":[153],"efficiency.":[154],"compared":[159,178,257],"implementation":[163],"that":[164],"was":[165],"strongly":[166],"optimized":[167],"realistic":[170],"objective":[172],"benchmarks.":[173],"results":[176],"set":[181],"server":[183],"CPUs":[184,192],"containing":[185],"Intel":[187,190,204],"generations,":[188],"including":[189],"SkyLake-based":[191],"Xeon":[194,198,205],"Gold":[195],"6148":[196],"Platinum":[199],"8168,":[200],"well":[202],"E5-2695":[206],"based":[208],"IvyBridge":[211],"architecture.":[212],"Since":[213],"all":[214],"belong":[217],"group":[220],"memory-bound":[222],"algorithms,":[223],"our":[224],"main":[225],"challenge":[226],"saturate":[229],"global":[230],"memory":[231],"bandwidth":[232],"data":[235],"locality":[236],"BRAM":[240],"(Block":[241],"RAM)":[242],"reusing.":[243],"Our":[244],"allows":[246],"us":[247],"reduce":[249],"per":[252],"watt":[253],"up":[254],"80%":[256],"CPUs.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}