{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409599871","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1088467x251330977","title":"Explainable threatening tweets identification using abstract meaning representation graph and pattern structure approaches","display_name":"Explainable threatening tweets identification using abstract meaning representation graph and pattern structure approaches","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409599871","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1088467x251330977"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1088467x251330977","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1088467x251330977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2498839158","display_name":"Intelligent Data Analysis","issn_l":"1088-467X","issn":["1088-467X","1571-4128"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligent Data Analysis: An International Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039322039","display_name":"Muhammad Shahid Iqbal Malik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-3344"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118501908","display_name":"National Research University Higher School of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055f7t516","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29698356","display_name":"HITEC University","ror":"https://ror.org/013d87239","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}],"countries":["PK","RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Shahid Iqbal Malik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, HITEC University Museum Road, Taxila, Pakistan","Department of Computer Science, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8396-3344","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, HITEC University Museum Road, Taxila, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109634118","display_name":"Anna Nazarova","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118501908","display_name":"National Research University Higher School of Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/055f7t516","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Nazarova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0837-6490","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118501908"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051158911","display_name":"Mona Jamjoom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9149-2810"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mona Mamdouh Jamjoom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9149-2810","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039322039"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118501908","https://openalex.org/I29698356"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03398414,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"6","first_page":"1501","last_page":"1519"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6474534869194031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.6463850140571594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5541229248046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5476027727127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5361592173576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.510966420173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5066607594490051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3311799466609955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3210790455341339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.20527520775794983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.11021175980567932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.09638997912406921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.09432002902030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.05115997791290283}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6474534869194031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.6463850140571594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5541229248046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5476027727127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5361592173576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.510966420173645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5066607594490051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3311799466609955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3210790455341339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.20527520775794983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.11021175980567932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.09638997912406921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.09432002902030945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.05115997791290283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1088467x251330977","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1088467x251330977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2498839158","display_name":"Intelligent Data Analysis","issn_l":"1088-467X","issn":["1088-467X","1571-4128"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Intelligent Data Analysis: An International Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1822207839","https://openalex.org/W1824366840","https://openalex.org/W2135673975","https://openalex.org/W2162096798","https://openalex.org/W2252123671","https://openalex.org/W2601994823","https://openalex.org/W2606882704","https://openalex.org/W2618851150","https://openalex.org/W2762700563","https://openalex.org/W2796885425","https://openalex.org/W2896795208","https://openalex.org/W2962862931","https://openalex.org/W2972456177","https://openalex.org/W2973159684","https://openalex.org/W2982259203","https://openalex.org/W3007402675","https://openalex.org/W3021474526","https://openalex.org/W3096063386","https://openalex.org/W3137125108","https://openalex.org/W3141097999","https://openalex.org/W3173390795","https://openalex.org/W3201449892","https://openalex.org/W4234552385","https://openalex.org/W4291156838","https://openalex.org/W4303520951","https://openalex.org/W4312125948","https://openalex.org/W4319660091","https://openalex.org/W4321375631","https://openalex.org/W4362657754","https://openalex.org/W4367042956","https://openalex.org/W4379467709","https://openalex.org/W4386258686","https://openalex.org/W4387092483","https://openalex.org/W4387696324","https://openalex.org/W4389081344","https://openalex.org/W4390640302","https://openalex.org/W4391909577","https://openalex.org/W4396940371","https://openalex.org/W4399394123","https://openalex.org/W4400302675","https://openalex.org/W4401633921","https://openalex.org/W4403483224","https://openalex.org/W4404957891","https://openalex.org/W6695661434","https://openalex.org/W6987760400"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088836968","https://openalex.org/W2369480852","https://openalex.org/W2017063170","https://openalex.org/W2062195135","https://openalex.org/W2360473631","https://openalex.org/W2897855253","https://openalex.org/W2898732673","https://openalex.org/W2809651922","https://openalex.org/W2313927466","https://openalex.org/W3179723530"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Social":[0],"media":[1,221],"platforms":[2],"have":[3,215],"become":[4],"an":[5,40,45,90,180],"integral":[6],"part":[7],"of":[8,15,31,39,48,52,80,103,132,155,182,212],"people's":[9],"lives,":[10],"generating":[11],"a":[12],"huge":[13],"amount":[14],"data.":[16],"Threatening":[17],"speech":[18,61,94,123,134],"detection":[19,95],"has":[20],"gained":[21],"serious":[22],"attention":[23],"in":[24],"recent":[25],"years.":[26],"To":[27],"control":[28],"the":[29,37,69,78,84,98,130,142,152,156,160,168,172,186,192,199],"dissemination":[30],"such":[32],"content":[33],"on":[34,68,77,185],"social":[35,220],"media,":[36],"design":[38],"artificial":[41],"intelligence-based":[42],"pipeline":[43],"is":[44,66,74,149],"active":[46],"area":[47],"research.":[49,224],"The":[50,101,125,163,210],"majority":[51],"prior":[53],"studies":[54],"handled":[55],"under-resourced":[56],"languages":[57],"for":[58,83,97,121,141,151,159,218],"detecting":[59],"threatening":[60,93,122,133],"and":[62,106,118,135,138,175,194,206,222],"very":[63],"limited":[64],"research":[65],"observed":[67],"English":[70,147],"language.":[71],"Furthermore,":[72],"there":[73],"no":[75],"work":[76],"explainability":[79,119],"prediction":[81,143,208],"inference":[82],"said":[85],"task.":[86],"This":[87],"study":[88,214],"proposes":[89],"inherently":[91,200],"interpretable":[92],"framework":[96,158,170,203],"Twitter":[99,161],"platform.":[100,162],"strengths":[102],"Pattern":[104],"Structures":[105],"Abstract":[107],"Meaning":[108],"Representations":[109],"graphs":[110],"are":[111],"explored":[112],"first":[113],"time":[114],"to":[115],"support":[116],"classification":[117],"tasks":[120],"detection.":[124],"proposed":[126,157,169,202],"system":[127],"automatically":[128],"mines":[129],"context":[131],"provides":[136],"intermediate":[137,193],"final":[139,195],"explanations":[140],"inference.":[144,209],"A":[145],"new":[146],"corpus":[148],"built":[150,188],"experimental":[153,164],"evaluation":[154,165],"demonstrates":[166],"that":[167],"outperformed":[171],"standard":[173],"baselines":[174],"obtained":[176],"benchmark":[177],"performance":[178],"with":[179],"accuracy":[181],"73.15%":[183],"stably":[184],"newly":[187],"corpus.":[189],"In":[190],"addition,":[191],"interpretations":[196],"offered":[197],"by":[198],"explainable":[201],"provide":[204],"meaningful":[205],"trustworthy":[207],"findings":[211],"this":[213],"several":[216],"implications":[217],"regulating":[219],"future":[223]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-08T23:21:52.890332","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}