{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2132589767","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1063293x13516329","title":"Interface diagram: Design tool for supporting the development of modularity in complex product systems","display_name":"Interface diagram: Design tool for supporting the development of modularity in complex product systems","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2132589767","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1063293x13516329","mag":"2132589767"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1063293x13516329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1063293x13516329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25105827","display_name":"Concurrent Engineering","issn_l":"1063-293X","issn":["1063-293X","1531-2003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Concurrent Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001443602","display_name":"Hans Peter Lomholt Bruun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hans Peter Lomholt Bruun","raw_affiliation_strings":["DTU Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark","#N# 1DTU Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DTU Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N# 1DTU Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052333722","display_name":"Niels Henrik Mortensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1886-5358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niels Henrik Mortensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["DTU Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark","#N# 1DTU Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DTU Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N# 1DTU Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075526143","display_name":"Ulf Harlou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulf Harlou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Product Customization (CPC), Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark","2Center for Product Customization (CPC), Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Product Customization (CPC), Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"2Center for Product Customization (CPC), Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001443602"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.9615,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97063044,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"62","last_page":"76"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11729","display_name":"Product Development and Customization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11729","display_name":"Product Development and Customization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9599999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modularity","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","score":0.8086602091789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.5909484028816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.5614052414894104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5537776947021484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-product-development","display_name":"New product development","score":0.48420217633247375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagram","display_name":"Diagram","score":0.4391741454601288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.416643887758255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.4118496775627136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.35221463441848755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.2535178065299988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12803998589515686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.1164366602897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09889978170394897}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779478453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6889748","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","level":2,"score":0.8086602091789246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.5909484028816223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.5614052414894104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5537776947021484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19351080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395034","display_name":"New product development","level":2,"score":0.48420217633247375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186399060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959962","display_name":"Diagram","level":2,"score":0.4391741454601288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.416643887758255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4118496775627136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.35221463441848755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.2535178065299988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12803998589515686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1164366602897644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09889978170394897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1063293x13516329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1063293x13516329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25105827","display_name":"Concurrent Engineering","issn_l":"1063-293X","issn":["1063-293X","1531-2003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Concurrent Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/fe66dbdc-f715-446b-9d3b-d0bceb8a07d0","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/fe66dbdc-f715-446b-9d3b-d0bceb8a07d0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Bruun , H P L , Mortensen , N H &amp; Harlou , U 2014 , ' Interface diagram: Design tool for supporting the development of modularity in complex product systems ' , Concurrent Engineering: Research and Applications , vol. 22 , no. 1 , pp. 62-76 . https://doi.org/10.1177/1063293X13516329","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W191372780","https://openalex.org/W225146778","https://openalex.org/W1562578637","https://openalex.org/W1584162686","https://openalex.org/W1584759711","https://openalex.org/W1592312990","https://openalex.org/W1967290233","https://openalex.org/W1987312835","https://openalex.org/W2003747274","https://openalex.org/W2024730810","https://openalex.org/W2031268146","https://openalex.org/W2143615869","https://openalex.org/W2153891611","https://openalex.org/W2158092565","https://openalex.org/W2241471527","https://openalex.org/W2592819436","https://openalex.org/W2600468658","https://openalex.org/W2615405375","https://openalex.org/W2617869933","https://openalex.org/W3041149780","https://openalex.org/W4206775731","https://openalex.org/W4243340713","https://openalex.org/W4247245376","https://openalex.org/W4247544397","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4230687177","https://openalex.org/W1968829728","https://openalex.org/W2349859869","https://openalex.org/W4316651471","https://openalex.org/W3120118008","https://openalex.org/W2051365847","https://openalex.org/W2367249529","https://openalex.org/W2027187261","https://openalex.org/W2088885441","https://openalex.org/W2095063393"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"products":[1,38],"with":[2,227,246],"a":[3,45,60,84,90,115,118,136,180,228],"myriad":[4],"of":[5,8,36,62,105,117,124,145,165,178,186,195,210],"systems,":[6],"groups":[7],"specialised":[9],"engineers":[10,70],"develop":[11],"entire":[12],"technical":[13,74,146],"sub-systems,":[14],"and":[15,77,127,151,159,215,258],"great":[16],"effort":[17],"is":[18,114,173],"needed":[19],"to":[20,55,58,80,100,135,174,243],"integrate":[21],"these":[22],"systems":[23],"for":[24,168],"fulfilling":[25],"the":[26,95,102,122,166,170,176,196,212,219,236,240],"product\u2019s":[27],"intended":[28],"properties":[29],"describing":[30],"its":[31,125],"purposeful":[32],"behaviour.":[33],"This":[34,64,87,234],"way":[35],"developing":[37,106],"gets":[39],"even":[40],"more":[41],"complex":[42,109],"when":[43],"using":[44,169],"mass":[46],"customisation":[47],"strategy":[48],"because":[49],"standard":[50],"designs":[51],"(reusable":[52],"modules)":[53],"have":[54],"be":[56,244],"designed":[57],"fit":[59],"range":[61],"products.":[63],"product":[65,110,119,138,181,237,248],"development":[66,205],"set-up":[67],"requires":[68],"that":[69],"working":[71],"in":[72,83,108,202,225],"different":[73,156,161,190],"domains":[75],"collaborate":[76],"are":[78],"able":[79],"share":[81],"information":[82],"unified":[85],"way.":[86],"article":[88],"presents":[89],"visual":[91],"design":[92,171,256],"tool":[93,113,131,172],"\u2013":[94],"Interface":[96,197,220,241],"diagram\u2013":[97],"which":[98],"aims":[99],"support":[101,175],"engineering":[103,191],"process":[104],"modularity":[107],"systems.":[111],"The":[112,130,193],"model":[116],"system":[120,182],"representing":[121],"arrangement":[123],"elements":[126],"their":[128],"interfaces.":[129],"has":[132,199,222],"similar":[133],"characteristics":[134],"high-level":[137],"architecture":[139],"model,":[140],"aiming":[141],"at":[142],"supporting":[143],"integration":[144],"sub-systems":[147,158],"by":[148,189],"documenting":[149],"interfaces":[150],"interactions":[152],"among":[153,160],"components":[154,187],"from":[155,239],"functional":[157],"physical":[162],"modules.":[163],"One":[164],"objectives":[167],"activity":[177],"decomposing":[179],"into":[183],"modules":[184],"consisting":[185],"developed":[188],"teams.":[192],"usefulness":[194],"diagram":[198,221,242],"been":[200,223],"tested":[201],"an":[203],"industrial":[204],"project":[206],"showing":[207],"positive":[208],"results":[209],"shortening":[211],"lead":[213],"time":[214],"minimising":[216],"rework.":[217],"Moreover,":[218],"used":[224],"interplay":[226],"broader":[229],"Product":[230],"Lifecycle":[231],"Management":[232],"system.":[233],"allows":[235],"structures":[238],"enriched":[245],"detailed":[247],"documentation":[249],"like":[250],"computer-aided":[251],"design,":[252],"requirements,":[253],"view":[254],"models,":[255],"specifications":[257],"interface":[259],"descriptions.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-30T06:05:26.967640","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
