{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2030853108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1063293x03011001005","title":"A Work Breakdown Structure that Integrates Different Views in Aircraft Modification Projects","display_name":"A Work Breakdown Structure that Integrates Different Views in Aircraft Modification Projects","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2030853108","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1063293x03011001005","mag":"2030853108"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1063293x03011001005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1063293x03011001005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25105827","display_name":"Concurrent Engineering","issn_l":"1063-293X","issn":["1063-293X","1531-2003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Concurrent Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079484192","display_name":"J. M. Garc\u00eda-Fornieles","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","display_name":"Cranfield University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cncd958","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. M. Garc\u00eda-Fornieles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire,                        MK43 0AL, UK","Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire,                        MK43 0AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029429166","display_name":"Ip\u2010Shing Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6691-935X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","display_name":"Cranfield University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cncd958","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. -S. Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire,                        MK43 0AL, UK","Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire,                        MK43 0AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008354350","display_name":"Alexeis Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0718-5645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","display_name":"Cranfield University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cncd958","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire,                        MK43 0AL, UK","Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire,                        MK43 0AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030227656","display_name":"C.E.R. Wainwright","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","display_name":"Cranfield University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cncd958","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Wainwright","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire,                        MK43 0AL, UK","Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire,                        MK43 0AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075644467","display_name":"Kamal Sehdev","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","display_name":"Cranfield University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cncd958","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Sehdev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire,                        MK43 0AL, UK","Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire,                        MK43 0AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Enterprise Integration, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079484192"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7755,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76125328,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"47","last_page":"54"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11006","display_name":"BIM and Construction Integration","score":0.9846000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10703","display_name":"Business Process Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-breakdown-structure","display_name":"Work breakdown structure","score":0.8783761262893677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scope","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","score":0.7211509943008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuse","display_name":"Reuse","score":0.7003176808357239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-management-triangle","display_name":"Project management triangle","score":0.5496840476989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5317187309265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4968264400959015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-charter","display_name":"Project charter","score":0.4963584542274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-management","display_name":"Project management","score":0.49590834975242615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statement-of-work","display_name":"Statement of work","score":0.4706653356552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.4643993675708771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-manager","display_name":"Project manager","score":0.43628567457199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/project-planning","display_name":"Project planning","score":0.4353531002998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-management","display_name":"Engineering management","score":0.42733699083328247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.4203767478466034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40646642446517944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.39849400520324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3676537871360779}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60250085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918141","display_name":"Work breakdown structure","level":5,"score":0.8783761262893677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7211509943008423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.7003176808357239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168074093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2394609","display_name":"Project management triangle","level":3,"score":0.5496840476989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5317187309265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4968264400959015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58223718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930512","display_name":"Project charter","level":4,"score":0.4963584542274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15952604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179012","display_name":"Project management","level":2,"score":0.49590834975242615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44497036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815887","display_name":"Statement of work","level":3,"score":0.4706653356552124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.4643993675708771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780612406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816432","display_name":"Project manager","level":3,"score":0.43628567457199097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58565012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2112558","display_name":"Project planning","level":3,"score":0.4353531002998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.42733699083328247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.4203767478466034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40646642446517944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.39849400520324707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3676537871360779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1063293x03011001005","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1063293x03011001005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25105827","display_name":"Concurrent Engineering","issn_l":"1063-293X","issn":["1063-293X","1531-2003"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Concurrent Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.115.7475","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.115.7475","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://cer.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/11/1/47.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk:1826/4902","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4902","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401778","display_name":"CERES (Cranfield University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","host_organization_name":"Cranfield University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W599235076","https://openalex.org/W612944044","https://openalex.org/W1510375950","https://openalex.org/W1513141462","https://openalex.org/W1539743141","https://openalex.org/W2089798808","https://openalex.org/W2117655689","https://openalex.org/W4379519083"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W632564713","https://openalex.org/W3198810611","https://openalex.org/W2765723112","https://openalex.org/W4252233602","https://openalex.org/W2086171737","https://openalex.org/W1584221575","https://openalex.org/W4205357317","https://openalex.org/W2128913657","https://openalex.org/W2095126799","https://openalex.org/W2029366410"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,12,25,56,88,168,191,205,227],"Work":[1],"Breakdown":[2],"Structure":[3],"(WBS)":[4],"defines":[5],"the":[6,20,37,81,91,100,115,119,122,131,134,144,154,158,179,183,189,196,200,224],"work":[7,82],"scope":[8,83],"of":[9,34,53,58,93,99,121,136,147,157,182,199],"a":[10,14,31,63,163,174,240],"project.":[11,190],"way":[13],"WBS":[15,77,110,159,207],"is":[16,60,90,111,202,208,218,239],"defined":[17,172],"depends":[18],"on":[19],"person":[21],"and":[22,40,68,97,118,141,186],"his/her":[23],"viewpoint.":[24],"aircraft":[26,85,105,127,148],"modification":[27,86,106,149],"business":[28],"carries":[29],"out":[30],"great":[32,241],"variety":[33],"projects.":[35,87,150],"Although":[36],"core":[38],"skills":[39],"tasks":[41],"are":[42,45,50,160,171],"similar,":[43],"there":[44,238],"very":[46],"few":[47],"projects":[48],"that":[49,217],"exact":[51],"repetition":[52],"previous":[54],"work.":[55],"reuse":[57,135,236],"information":[59,116,192],"difficult":[61],"without":[62],"good":[64],"structure":[65,132,176],"to":[66,113,177,233],"archive":[67],"manage":[69],"project":[70,201,244],"information.":[71],"This":[72,109],"paper":[73],"presents":[74],"an":[75,94,104,212],"integrated":[76,206],"approach":[78,229],"for":[79,133,194,220],"managing":[80],"in":[84,103,126,143,188,211,223,243],"model":[89],"result":[92],"in-depth":[95],"study":[96],"analysis":[98],"working":[101],"methods":[102],"industrial":[107],"company.":[108,226],"designed":[112],"incorporate":[114],"needs":[117],"views":[120,181],"different":[123,180],"functions":[124],"involved":[125],"modification.":[128],"It":[129],"provides":[130],"information,":[137],"such":[138],"as":[139],"cost":[140,221],"schedules,":[142],"diverse":[145],"range":[146],"In":[151],"this":[152],"model,":[153],"top":[155],"tiers":[156,170],"configured":[161],"from":[162],"pre-defined":[164],"industry":[165],"specific":[166],"template.":[167],"lower":[169],"with":[173],"flexible":[175],"support":[178],"knowledge":[184,235],"users":[185],"providers":[187],"need":[193],"all":[195],"life":[197],"stages":[198],"fully":[203],"covered.":[204],"being":[209],"implemented":[210],"enterprise":[213],"wide":[214],"computing":[215],"solution":[216],"used":[219,232],"estimating":[222],"collaborating":[225],"same":[228],"could":[230],"be":[231],"enhance":[234],"where":[237],"diversity":[242],"contracts.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}