{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413369110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10597123251364738","title":"Human Exploration in Complex Problem-Solving Tasks: More Effortful Interaction Leads to Higher Efficiency","display_name":"Human Exploration in Complex Problem-Solving Tasks: More Effortful Interaction Leads to Higher Efficiency","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413369110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10597123251364738"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/10597123251364738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10597123251364738","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183337005","display_name":"Adaptive Behavior","issn_l":"1059-7123","issn":["1059-7123","1741-2633"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adaptive Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-25785","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054325024","display_name":"Oussama Zenkri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4169-1460"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802805919","display_name":"Science North","ror":"https://ror.org/028k36c88","country_code":"CA","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802805919"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["CA","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oussama Zenkri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence","Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4169-1460","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802805919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024650082","display_name":"Florian Bolenz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2213-1071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802805919","display_name":"Science North","ror":"https://ror.org/028k36c88","country_code":"CA","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802805919"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120221","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/02pp7px91","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210120221"]}],"countries":["CA","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florian Bolenz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Human Development","Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence","Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany","Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2213-1071","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Human Development","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120221"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802805919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120221"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077163579","display_name":"Thorsten Pachur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6391-4107"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802805919","display_name":"Science North","ror":"https://ror.org/028k36c88","country_code":"CA","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802805919"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120221","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/02pp7px91","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117","https://openalex.org/I4210120221"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["CA","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thorsten Pachur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Max Planck Institute for Human Development","Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence","Technical University of Munich","Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany","School of Management, Technical University of Munich, Germany","Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6391-4107","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Max Planck Institute for Human Development","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120221"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802805919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120221"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Technical University of Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039143538","display_name":"Oliver Brock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-7754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802805919","display_name":"Science North","ror":"https://ror.org/028k36c88","country_code":"CA","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802805919"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4577782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03v4gjf40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]}],"countries":["CA","DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Brock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence","Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3719-7754","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802805919"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4577782"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science of Intelligence, Research Cluster of Excellence, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039143538"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802805919","https://openalex.org/I4577782"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.669,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86432848,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"5-6","first_page":"321","last_page":"332"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12805","display_name":"Cognitive Science and Mapping","score":0.9793000221252441,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.9664999842643738,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.4747771918773651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46710196137428284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.45211493968963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.3970794081687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.34225696325302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3349696397781372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4747771918773651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46710196137428284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.45211493968963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.3970794081687927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.34225696325302124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3349696397781372}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/10597123251364738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10597123251364738","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183337005","display_name":"Adaptive Behavior","issn_l":"1059-7123","issn":["1059-7123","1741-2633"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adaptive Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:depositonce.tu-berlin.de:11303/26951","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://depositonce.tu-berlin.de/handle/11303/26951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922277","display_name":"DepositOnce","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"public-domain","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/public-domain","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1788327","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1788327","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196330","display_name":"mediaTUM  (Technical University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.14279/depositonce-25785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-25785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052985","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.14279/depositonce-25785","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.14279/depositonce-25785","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052985","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6510858048","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"390523135","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1933657216","https://openalex.org/W1984450253","https://openalex.org/W1987034001","https://openalex.org/W2008642755","https://openalex.org/W2020853791","https://openalex.org/W2023015865","https://openalex.org/W2054240693","https://openalex.org/W2054698589","https://openalex.org/W2062155546","https://openalex.org/W2067450646","https://openalex.org/W2118136096","https://openalex.org/W2900107753","https://openalex.org/W2972888661","https://openalex.org/W3158187675","https://openalex.org/W3165444501","https://openalex.org/W4206739356","https://openalex.org/W4284711867","https://openalex.org/W4291291092","https://openalex.org/W4301141993","https://openalex.org/W4386927460","https://openalex.org/W4399893213","https://openalex.org/W4401549543","https://openalex.org/W4402323313"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2931662336","https://openalex.org/W4220667126","https://openalex.org/W2077865380","https://openalex.org/W3006817050","https://openalex.org/W4401768695","https://openalex.org/W2765597752","https://openalex.org/W2134894512","https://openalex.org/W2083375246"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Exploration,":[0],"a":[1,12,49,81],"cornerstone":[2],"of":[3,37,76,103],"the":[4,35,38,46,69,95,100],"human":[5,18,125],"ability":[6,83],"to":[7,33,84],"solve":[8,87],"novel":[9],"problems,":[10],"is":[11],"complex":[13,91],"process.":[14],"Most":[15],"studies":[16],"on":[17],"exploration":[19,59,117,126],"used":[20],"overly":[21],"simple":[22],"tasks":[23],"that":[24,56],"isolate":[25],"variables":[26],"but":[27],"poorly":[28],"reflect":[29],"problems":[30,88],"humans":[31],"evolved":[32],"solve\u2014limiting":[34],"generalizability":[36],"results.":[39],"To":[40],"address":[41],"this":[42],"limitation,":[43],"we":[44,98],"introduce":[45],"Lockbox":[47,70],"paradigm,":[48],"novel,":[50],"ecologically":[51],"valid,":[52],"and":[53,60,86,109,115,136],"challenging":[54],"task":[55],"requires":[57],"active":[58],"physical":[61,108],"interaction.":[62],"Data":[63],"from":[64],"263":[65],"participants":[66],"interacting":[67],"with":[68,128],"across":[71],"three":[72],"different":[73],"interaction":[74,78,96],"modalities":[75],"varying":[77],"costs,":[79,111],"reveal":[80],"remarkable":[82],"adapt":[85],"efficiently":[89],"in":[90,112,131],"scenarios.":[92],"By":[93],"comparing":[94],"modalities,":[97],"demonstrate":[99],"critical":[101],"role":[102],"cost":[104],"variations,":[105],"such":[106,133],"as":[107,134],"temporal":[110],"driving":[113],"attentiveness":[114],"shaping":[116],"strategies.":[118],"These":[119],"findings":[120],"provide":[121],"important":[122],"insights":[123],"into":[124],"strategies,":[127],"potential":[129],"applications":[130],"fields":[132],"robotics":[135],"artificial":[137],"intelligence.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
