{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409764559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02783649251323282","title":"Quasi-passive shoulder exoskeleton with enhanced assistance variability to adapt to frequent load changes","display_name":"Quasi-passive shoulder exoskeleton with enhanced assistance variability to adapt to frequent load changes","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409764559","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02783649251323282"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/02783649251323282","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02783649251323282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73484101","display_name":"The International Journal of Robotics Research","issn_l":"0278-3649","issn":["0278-3649","1741-3176"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Robotics Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015449260","display_name":"Jehyeok Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4802-4776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43406934","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Laval","ror":"https://ror.org/04sjchr03","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["CA","KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jehyeok Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chung-Ang University","Universit\u00e9 Lava","Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universit\u00e9 Lava, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada","School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4802-4776","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chung-Ang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 Lava","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universit\u00e9 Lava, Qu\u00e9bec, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43406934"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027338911","display_name":"Junyoung Moon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6959-3946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyoung Moon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chung-Ang University","School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6959-3946","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chung-Ang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044330277","display_name":"Jihwan Yoon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihwan Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chung-Ang University","School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chung-Ang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027218826","display_name":"Sumin Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0665-5142"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumin Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chung-Ang University","School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chung-Ang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038733925","display_name":"Sang-Eui Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6952-9071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sangeui Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chung-Ang University","School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chung-Ang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063662731","display_name":"Giuk Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9414-4475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Giuk Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chung-Ang University","School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9414-4475","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chung-Ang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063662731"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07223502,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"12","first_page":"2020","last_page":"2043"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9768999814987183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.9546999931335449,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exoskeleton","display_name":"Exoskeleton","score":0.7977664470672607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48429030179977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.4263582229614258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3299497961997986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.27876558899879456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2170412838459015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1951061487197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.16335144639015198}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146549078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191944","display_name":"Exoskeleton","level":2,"score":0.7977664470672607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48429030179977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.4263582229614258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3299497961997986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.27876558899879456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2170412838459015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1951061487197876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.16335144639015198}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/02783649251323282","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02783649251323282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S73484101","display_name":"The International Journal of Robotics Research","issn_l":"0278-3649","issn":["0278-3649","1741-3176"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Robotics Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W571629765","https://openalex.org/W2004697307","https://openalex.org/W2005526567","https://openalex.org/W2013633018","https://openalex.org/W2035323713","https://openalex.org/W2074246426","https://openalex.org/W2118178867","https://openalex.org/W2135715344","https://openalex.org/W2140242474","https://openalex.org/W2160447207","https://openalex.org/W2196056879","https://openalex.org/W2504465774","https://openalex.org/W2528951757","https://openalex.org/W2613665531","https://openalex.org/W2872749045","https://openalex.org/W2918922468","https://openalex.org/W2942692510","https://openalex.org/W2945083665","https://openalex.org/W2955927639","https://openalex.org/W2971515543","https://openalex.org/W2978149085","https://openalex.org/W2996243891","https://openalex.org/W2996964510","https://openalex.org/W3022315434","https://openalex.org/W3027422657","https://openalex.org/W3031107144","https://openalex.org/W3047097415","https://openalex.org/W3082322309","https://openalex.org/W3118808685","https://openalex.org/W3131670369","https://openalex.org/W3179288417","https://openalex.org/W3196966008","https://openalex.org/W3200692492","https://openalex.org/W4207006468","https://openalex.org/W4212962588","https://openalex.org/W4220949826","https://openalex.org/W4248019298","https://openalex.org/W4285114006","https://openalex.org/W4285400504","https://openalex.org/W4297290305","https://openalex.org/W4311688509","https://openalex.org/W4390848535","https://openalex.org/W4399562646"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2887985348","https://openalex.org/W2401700601","https://openalex.org/W2570835373","https://openalex.org/W3198063775","https://openalex.org/W2901258812","https://openalex.org/W3017269254","https://openalex.org/W2475107902"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0,63],"develop":[1],"an":[2],"effective":[3,201],"quasi-passive":[4],"(QP)":[5],"exoskeleton,":[6],"maximizing":[7],"its":[8],"range":[9,40,97,119],"of":[10,41,98,120,130,143,212,230],"variable":[11,42,99],"assistive":[12,43,100,216,228],"torques":[13,44,101],"while":[14],"minimizing":[15],"the":[16,35,39,46,53,58,140,152,155,158,167,173,180,225,227,231],"energy":[17,47,75,106,129],"required":[18,48,105],"for":[19,49,60,107,202],"this":[20,26,65,190],"variation":[21,128],"is":[22],"crucial.":[23],"However,":[24],"achieving":[25],"goal":[27],"has":[28],"proven":[29],"challenging":[30],"so":[31],"far":[32],"owing":[33],"to":[34,151,219,223],"common":[36],"trade-off":[37],"between":[38],"and":[45,177,187,207,214],"torque":[50,217],"variation.":[51,108],"Additionally,":[52],"shoulder\u2019s":[54],"standby":[55],"posture":[56],"complicates":[57],"search":[59],"viable":[61],"solutions.":[62],"tackle":[64],"issue,":[66],"we":[67,80],"derived":[68],"design":[69],"principles":[70],"based":[71],"on":[72],"elastic":[73],"potential":[74],"field.":[76],"Utilizing":[77],"these":[78],"principles,":[79],"developed":[81],"a":[82,95,112,118,127],"QP":[83],"shoulder":[84,88,148,204],"exoskeleton":[85,89,156],"called":[86],"adjustable":[87],"(AD":[90],"Exo),":[91],"which":[92],"successfully":[93],"achieved":[94,125],"wide":[96],"with":[102,117,126],"significantly":[103,138],"reduced":[104,163],"Benchtop":[109],"tests":[110],"demonstrated":[111],"remarkable":[113],"enhancement":[114],"in":[115,147,192],"variability,":[116],"assistance":[121,169,175,182],"spanning":[122],"6.37":[123],"Nm":[124],"0.9":[131],"J.":[132],"In":[133],"human":[134],"trials,":[135],"AD":[136,198],"Exo":[137,199],"minimized":[139],"average":[141,159],"percentage":[142],"maximum":[144],"voluntary":[145],"contraction":[146],"muscles.":[149],"Compared":[150],"condition":[153],"without":[154],"(NE),":[157],"muscle":[160,193,205],"activation":[161],"was":[162],"by":[164],"25%":[165],"at":[166,172,179],"adjusted":[168],"(ADJ),":[170],"7.5%":[171],"low":[174],"(LOW),":[176],"6.7%":[178],"high":[181],"(HIGH),":[183],"respectively.":[184],"Considering":[185],"repetitive":[186],"long-term":[188],"tasks,":[189],"reduction":[191],"activity":[194],"can":[195],"accumulate,":[196],"making":[197],"highly":[200],"alleviating":[203],"burden":[206],"fatigue.":[208],"Furthermore,":[209],"kinematic":[210],"motions":[211],"wearers":[213,220],"actual":[215],"delivered":[218],"were":[221],"examined":[222],"analyze":[224],"underlying":[226],"effect":[229],"exoskeleton.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
