{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4255453765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/016555159001600610","title":"Copyright and downloading (2)","display_name":"Copyright and downloading (2)","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4255453765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/016555159001600610"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/016555159001600610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/016555159001600610","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68913162","display_name":"Journal of Information Science","issn_l":"0165-5515","issn":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005748252","display_name":"Charles Oppenheim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-3572"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Charles Oppenheim","raw_affiliation_strings":["8, Boleyn Close Billericay Essex CM12 0YZ UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"8, Boleyn Close Billericay Essex CM12 0YZ UK","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005748252"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62405416,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"6","first_page":"401","last_page":"402"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11769","display_name":"Copyright and Intellectual Property","score":0.07090000063180923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11769","display_name":"Copyright and Intellectual Property","score":0.07090000063180923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13999","display_name":"Digital Rights Management and Security","score":0.04170000180602074,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12171","display_name":"Open Education and E-Learning","score":0.02239999920129776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upload","display_name":"Upload","score":0.71891188621521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5563614368438721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4746842086315155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copyright-law","display_name":"Copyright law","score":0.43548649549484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3627542555332184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3399791121482849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3297193646430969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-property","display_name":"Intellectual property","score":0.24827367067337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1389150619506836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71901391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7126699","display_name":"Upload","level":2,"score":0.71891188621521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5563614368438721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4746842086315155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987650672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1297822","display_name":"Copyright law","level":3,"score":0.43548649549484253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3627542555332184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3399791121482849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3297193646430969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34974158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257","display_name":"Intellectual property","level":2,"score":0.24827367067337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1389150619506836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/016555159001600610","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/016555159001600610","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68913162","display_name":"Journal of Information Science","issn_l":"0165-5515","issn":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2944823289","https://openalex.org/W3037018281","https://openalex.org/W2972592048","https://openalex.org/W2358319515","https://openalex.org/W4321854979","https://openalex.org/W2003209439","https://openalex.org/W2497626292","https://openalex.org/W4312214821","https://openalex.org/W4361862506","https://openalex.org/W2390344072"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-03T08:47:05.690250","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}