{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130298205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551515585720","title":"Modern information retrieval in Arabic \u2013 catering to standard and colloquial Arabic users","display_name":"Modern information retrieval in Arabic \u2013 catering to standard and colloquial Arabic users","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-05-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130298205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551515585720","mag":"2130298205"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0165551515585720","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551515585720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68913162","display_name":"Journal of Information Science","issn_l":"0165-5515","issn":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059302775","display_name":"Aqil M. Azmi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0983-2861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aqil M. Azmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027975944","display_name":"Eman A. Aljafari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eman A. Aljafari","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.6899,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97053924,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"4","first_page":"506","last_page":"517"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11719","display_name":"Data Quality and Management","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.7319641709327698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lexicon","display_name":"Lexicon","score":0.7239688038825989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modern-standard-arabic","display_name":"Modern Standard Arabic","score":0.6973515748977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6789067983627319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.5353586673736572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5347788333892822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.45319804549217224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4454619288444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.427522748708725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.41883689165115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.41107162833213806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3840342164039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.38014596700668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11472940444946289}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.7319641709327698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778121359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8096","display_name":"Lexicon","level":2,"score":0.7239688038825989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778243841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56467","display_name":"Modern Standard Arabic","level":3,"score":0.6973515748977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6789067983627319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5353586673736572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5347788333892822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.45319804549217224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4454619288444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.427522748708725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.41883689165115356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41107162833213806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3840342164039612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.38014596700668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11472940444946289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0165551515585720","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551515585720","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68913162","display_name":"Journal of Information Science","issn_l":"0165-5515","issn":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539684140","https://openalex.org/W1596452390","https://openalex.org/W1984708705","https://openalex.org/W1984972187","https://openalex.org/W1990476851","https://openalex.org/W1991409110","https://openalex.org/W2054997212","https://openalex.org/W2118256384","https://openalex.org/W2139813717","https://openalex.org/W2167049905","https://openalex.org/W2168576900","https://openalex.org/W2912659123","https://openalex.org/W2993173751","https://openalex.org/W3175938608","https://openalex.org/W4234919663","https://openalex.org/W4240298715","https://openalex.org/W4248069111","https://openalex.org/W4252232078"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2977557724","https://openalex.org/W4243485167","https://openalex.org/W4392318734","https://openalex.org/W2620283452","https://openalex.org/W4322750817","https://openalex.org/W4400896925","https://openalex.org/W2801712537","https://openalex.org/W4396221470","https://openalex.org/W587642979","https://openalex.org/W2250668514"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,59,188,220],"widespread":[1,54],"use":[2,55,79],"of":[3,10,15,19,56,100,122,139,141,161,181,207],"colloquial":[4,48,73,93,117,162],"dialects":[5,144],"among":[6],"the":[7,17,41,53,83,97,137,142,173,194,200,205,208],"younger":[8,42],"generation":[9,43],"Arabs":[11,24],"is":[12,44,150],"depriving":[13],"many":[14],"them":[16],"fruits":[18],"information":[20],"freedom.":[21],"Although":[22],"most":[23],"have":[25],"no":[26],"problem":[27],"with":[28],"reading":[29],"text":[30],"in":[31,72,92,115,145],"formal":[32],"Arabic,":[33,49],"widely":[34],"known":[35],"as":[36],"Modern":[37],"Standard":[38],"Arabic":[39,118],"(MSA),":[40],"more":[45],"adept":[46],"at":[47],"mainly":[50],"owing":[51],"to":[52,65,76],"social":[57],"media.":[58],"current":[60],"search":[61,218],"engines":[62],"cater":[63],"mostly":[64],"MSA.":[66],"This":[67],"means":[68],"that":[69,109,132,167],"materials":[70],"written":[71],"are":[74,86,114,168],"off-limits":[75,87],"those":[77,89],"who":[78,90],"MSA,":[80,116],"and":[81,158,216,227],"similarly":[82],"MSA":[84,155,164],"contents":[85],"for":[88],"communicate":[91],"only.":[94],"To":[95],"achieve":[96],"full":[98],"potential":[99],"an":[101,129,154],"information-retrieval":[102,130],"system,":[103],"we":[104,127,203],"need":[105],"a":[106,120,159,179],"successful":[107],"scheme":[108],"interprets":[110],"queries":[111,177],"whether":[112],"they":[113],"or":[119],"combination":[121],"both.":[123],"In":[124,199],"this":[125],"paper":[126],"design":[128],"system":[131,149,174,213],"addresses":[133],"our":[134,212],"concern":[135],"against":[136],"backdrop":[138],"one":[140],"local":[143],"Saudi":[146],"Arabia.":[147],"Our":[148],"based":[151],"on":[152,178],"modifying":[153],"stemming":[156],"technique":[157],"set":[160],"\u2194":[163],"conversion":[165],"rules":[166],"lexicon":[169],"based.":[170],"We":[171],"tested":[172],"using":[175],"44":[176],"corpus":[180],"over":[182],"1400":[183],"documents":[184,210],"(MSA,":[185],"colloquial,":[186],"mix).":[187],"average":[189,195,222],"precision":[190,206],"was":[191,197],"84.3%,":[192],"while":[193],"recall":[196],"96.5%.":[198],"second":[201],"test":[202],"compared":[204],"retrieved":[209],"by":[211],"vs":[214],"Google":[215],"Yahoo!":[217],"engines.":[219],"respective":[221],"precisions":[223],"were":[224],"78.2,":[225],"51.9":[226],"56.2%.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}