{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122688727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551513507415","title":"Utilizing global and path information with language modelling for hierarchical text classification","display_name":"Utilizing global and path information with language modelling for hierarchical text classification","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122688727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551513507415","mag":"2122688727"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0165551513507415","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551513507415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68913162","display_name":"Journal of Information Science","issn_l":"0165-5515","issn":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014007202","display_name":"Heung\u2010Seon Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9193-8998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heung-Seon Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, KAIST, South Korea","[Department of Computer Science, KAIST, South Korea]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, KAIST, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Computer Science, KAIST, South Korea]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001914535","display_name":"Sung-Hyon Myaeng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung-Hyon Myaeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Division of Web Science and Technology, KAIST, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Division of Web Science and Technology, KAIST, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9774,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89009964,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"2","first_page":"127","last_page":"145"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12016","display_name":"Web Data Mining and Analysis","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8058116436004639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directory","display_name":"Directory","score":0.7098007798194885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.69659823179245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5895100235939026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.5799952745437622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing","display_name":"Smoothing","score":0.5309816002845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/document-classification","display_name":"Document classification","score":0.5175604224205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.49741414189338684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jaccard-index","display_name":"Jaccard index","score":0.4710554778575897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4275496006011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.37655192613601685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.10960295796394348}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8058116436004639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777683733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201456","display_name":"Directory","level":2,"score":0.7098007798194885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.69659823179245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5895100235939026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5799952745437622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3770464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963","display_name":"Smoothing","level":2,"score":0.5309816002845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780479914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302088","display_name":"Document classification","level":2,"score":0.5175604224205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.49741414189338684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203519979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865360","display_name":"Jaccard index","level":3,"score":0.4710554778575897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4275496006011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.37655192613601685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.10960295796394348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0165551513507415","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551513507415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68913162","display_name":"Journal of Information Science","issn_l":"0165-5515","issn":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57814663","https://openalex.org/W1518491582","https://openalex.org/W1523949738","https://openalex.org/W1620204465","https://openalex.org/W2014415866","https://openalex.org/W2014566476","https://openalex.org/W2025047573","https://openalex.org/W2027445772","https://openalex.org/W2045729350","https://openalex.org/W2052589614","https://openalex.org/W2068905009","https://openalex.org/W2073448073","https://openalex.org/W2073830447","https://openalex.org/W2093390569","https://openalex.org/W2098034778","https://openalex.org/W2098876286","https://openalex.org/W2105573333","https://openalex.org/W2109664771","https://openalex.org/W2111968659","https://openalex.org/W2117225622","https://openalex.org/W2118020653","https://openalex.org/W2126184790","https://openalex.org/W2129971563","https://openalex.org/W2130395434","https://openalex.org/W2136542423","https://openalex.org/W2139273454","https://openalex.org/W2142999328","https://openalex.org/W2150766729","https://openalex.org/W2151752770","https://openalex.org/W2159800806","https://openalex.org/W2172286224","https://openalex.org/W2912485311","https://openalex.org/W4206765718","https://openalex.org/W4240913316","https://openalex.org/W4243333943","https://openalex.org/W4251326898"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4254879869","https://openalex.org/W3022576529","https://openalex.org/W2628526247","https://openalex.org/W2596401011","https://openalex.org/W2913569734","https://openalex.org/W4401519790","https://openalex.org/W2702570413","https://openalex.org/W1972594981","https://openalex.org/W2136542423","https://openalex.org/W2045966063"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hierarchical":[0],"text":[1,193],"classification":[2],"of":[3,18,20,33,43,78,94,104,128,173,181,188],"a":[4,12,48,59,83,101,114,122,126,137,160],"Web":[5,164],"taxonomy":[6,56],"is":[7,11,40,117,143],"challenging":[8],"because":[9],"it":[10,46],"very":[13],"large-scale":[14],"problem":[15],"with":[16,121,133],"hundreds":[17],"thousands":[19],"categories":[21,34],"and":[22,29,57,119,125,175,184],"associated":[23,132],"documents.":[24,155],"Furthermore,":[25],"the":[26,41,44,55,62,71,76,99,134,140,154,167,179,186],"conceptual":[27],"levels":[28],"training":[30],"data":[31],"availabilities":[32],"vary":[35],"widely.":[36],"The":[37],"narrow-down":[38],"approach":[39,73],"state":[42],"art;":[45],"utilizes":[47],"search":[49],"engine":[50],"for":[51,61,98,108],"generating":[52],"candidates":[53],"from":[54,136,163],"builds":[58],"classifier":[60,116],"final":[63],"category":[64,138],"selection.":[65],"In":[66],"this":[67],"paper,":[68],"we":[69,158],"take":[70],"same":[72],"but":[74],"address":[75],"issue":[77],"using":[79,95,129],"global":[80,106,189],"information":[81,97,107,190],"in":[82,153,166,191],"language":[84],"modelling":[85],"framework":[86],"to":[87,139],"improve":[88],"effectiveness.":[89],"We":[90],"propose":[91],"three":[92],"methods":[93,183],"non-local":[96],"task:":[100],"passive":[102],"way":[103,112],"utilizing":[105],"smoothing;":[109],"an":[110],"aggressive":[111],"where":[113],"top-level":[115],"built":[118],"integrated":[120],"local":[123],"model;":[124],"method":[127],"label":[130],"terms":[131],"path":[135],"root,":[141],"which":[142],"based":[144],"on":[145],"our":[146,182],"systematic":[147],"observation":[148],"that":[149],"they":[150],"are":[151],"underrepresented":[152],"For":[156],"evaluation,":[157],"constructed":[159],"document":[161],"collection":[162],"pages":[165],"Open":[168],"Directory":[169],"Project.":[170],"A":[171],"series":[172],"experiments":[174],"their":[176],"results":[177],"show":[178],"superiority":[180],"reveal":[185],"role":[187],"hierarchical":[192],"classification.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}