{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1991409110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551512442480","title":"A framework for retrieving Arabic documents based on queries written in Arabic slang language","display_name":"A framework for retrieving Arabic documents based on queries written in Arabic slang language","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1991409110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551512442480","mag":"1991409110"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0165551512442480","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551512442480","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68913162","display_name":"Journal of Information Science","issn_l":"0165-5515","issn":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048945849","display_name":"Mohammed Q. Shatnawi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5560-3592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156983542","display_name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mtb59","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Q. Shatnawi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan","Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086906495","display_name":"Muneer Bani Yassein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-6196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156983542","display_name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mtb59","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muneer Bani Yassein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan","Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071151397","display_name":"Reem Mahafza","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156983542","display_name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mtb59","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reem Mahafza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan","Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4795,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92453353,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"4","first_page":"350","last_page":"365"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slang","display_name":"Slang","score":0.8950705528259277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8403028845787048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.697385311126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.5871087908744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5564040541648865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5534449219703674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.4951590597629547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4624391496181488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4216376543045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-free-grammar","display_name":"Context-free grammar","score":0.41301584243774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.4002181589603424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3829154372215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.22121185064315796}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779901982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8102","display_name":"Slang","level":2,"score":0.8950705528259277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8403028845787048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.697385311126709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.5871087908744812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5564040541648865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5534449219703674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.4951590597629547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4624391496181488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4216376543045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97212296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338047","display_name":"Context-free grammar","level":3,"score":0.41301584243774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.4002181589603424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3829154372215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.22121185064315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0165551512442480","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551512442480","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68913162","display_name":"Journal of Information Science","issn_l":"0165-5515","issn":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511472350","https://openalex.org/W1539684140","https://openalex.org/W1541054815","https://openalex.org/W1690055212","https://openalex.org/W1969719558","https://openalex.org/W1984972187","https://openalex.org/W2062491967","https://openalex.org/W2087828574","https://openalex.org/W2097341304","https://openalex.org/W2107146516","https://openalex.org/W2129342550","https://openalex.org/W2129789259","https://openalex.org/W2185369818","https://openalex.org/W2343754086","https://openalex.org/W2620949368","https://openalex.org/W2736640810","https://openalex.org/W2969538295","https://openalex.org/W2993173751","https://openalex.org/W4206277161","https://openalex.org/W4232962645","https://openalex.org/W4391902753"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557335907","https://openalex.org/W4286266684","https://openalex.org/W1586408085","https://openalex.org/W1538450113","https://openalex.org/W1656514314","https://openalex.org/W4245826738","https://openalex.org/W3013382169","https://openalex.org/W281298494","https://openalex.org/W2389079996","https://openalex.org/W2041624339"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,49,76,93,96,103,133,139],"the":[2,6,26,59,66,105,135,140,154,177,181,192,196],"widespread":[3],"use":[4,97],"of":[5,12,25,32,72,157,180,195],"internet,":[7],"there":[8],"are":[9,56,62],"large":[10],"amounts":[11],"information":[13],"and":[14,35,41,117,123,160,188],"documents":[15,107],"available":[16,27],"in":[17,30,45,58,86,101,112],"several":[18],"languages.":[19],"The":[20,69,119],"Arabic":[21,67,78,83],"language":[22,100],"is":[23,75,121,131],"one":[24],"important":[28],"languages":[29],"terms":[31,55,85],"its":[33],"usage":[34],"structure.":[36],"Search":[37],"engines":[38],"like":[39],"Google":[40],"Yahoo":[42],"support":[43],"searching":[44,80],"Arabic,":[46],"yet":[47],"fail":[48],"get":[50],"good":[51],"results":[52,148],"when":[53],"slang":[54,84,99,116,137,186],"used":[57,132,182,197],"query.":[60],"There":[61],"difficulties":[63],"associated":[64],"with":[65],"language.":[68],"main":[70],"goal":[71],"this":[73],"research":[74,89],"refine":[77],"text-based":[79],"by":[81],"using":[82,163],"queries.":[87],"This":[88],"proposed":[90],"a":[91,127,145,150,185,200],"framework":[92,120],"enable":[94],"users":[95],"their":[98],"order":[102],"retrieve":[104],"relevant":[106],"that":[108,130],"have":[109],"been":[110],"posted":[111],"both":[113],"forms":[114],"\u2013":[115],"classical.":[118],"designed":[122],"implemented":[124],"based":[125],"on":[126,153,176,184,191,199],"context-free":[128],"grammar":[129],"map":[134],"user\u2019s":[136],"queries":[138,165,172],"equivalent":[141],"classical":[142,146],"ones.":[143,169],"On":[144],"dataset,":[147],"showed":[149],"3%":[151],"improvement":[152,175,190],"average":[155,178,193],"values":[156,179,194],"precision,":[158],"recall,":[159],"F-measure":[161],"achieved":[162],"classical-based":[164],"rather":[166],"than":[167],"slang-based":[168,171],"Using":[170],"gives":[173],"13%":[174],"measures":[183,198],"dataset":[187],"7%":[189],"hybrid":[201],"dataset.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}