{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2104472053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/016555150202800503","title":"Ontology research and development. Part 2 - a review of ontology mapping and evolving","display_name":"Ontology research and development. Part 2 - a review of ontology mapping and evolving","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2104472053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/016555150202800503","mag":"2104472053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/016555150202800503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/016555150202800503","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68913162","display_name":"Journal of Information Science","issn_l":"0165-5515","issn":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047170063","display_name":"Ying Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2567-2009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/008xxew50","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ying Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006167228","display_name":"Schubert Foo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3043-0450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Schubert Foo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","Nanyang Technological University (Singapore)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University (Singapore)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047170063"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.3753,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":140,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98118353,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"5","first_page":"375","last_page":"388"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.8491469621658325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-ontology","display_name":"Upper ontology","score":0.7835439443588257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7634330987930298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-ontology","display_name":"Process ontology","score":0.7617336511611938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-based-data-integration","display_name":"Ontology-based data integration","score":0.68460613489151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptualization","display_name":"Conceptualization","score":0.6814402937889099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suggested-upper-merged-ontology","display_name":"Suggested Upper Merged Ontology","score":0.6558493375778198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-components","display_name":"Ontology components","score":0.6030516624450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-alignment","display_name":"Ontology alignment","score":0.5238968133926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-biomedical-ontologies","display_name":"Open Biomedical Ontologies","score":0.4940977394580841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-web","display_name":"Semantic Web","score":0.44239887595176697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4369523823261261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-inference-layer","display_name":"Ontology Inference Layer","score":0.43425464630126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4129104018211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/owl-s","display_name":"OWL-S","score":0.41265150904655457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3991904854774475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3634531497955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2040872573852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-web-stack","display_name":"Semantic Web Stack","score":0.11712139844894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.07055187225341797}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.8491469621658325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78726541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3882785","display_name":"Upper ontology","level":3,"score":0.7835439443588257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7634330987930298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137003198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247296","display_name":"Process ontology","level":3,"score":0.7617336511611938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22550185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7095047","display_name":"Ontology-based data integration","level":3,"score":0.68460613489151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90734943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008777","display_name":"Conceptualization","level":2,"score":0.6814402937889099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50971890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7635093","display_name":"Suggested Upper Merged Ontology","level":4,"score":0.6558493375778198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154210476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7095057","display_name":"Ontology components","level":5,"score":0.6030516624450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98893333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4339878","display_name":"Ontology alignment","level":4,"score":0.5238968133926392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137982476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7072326","display_name":"Open Biomedical Ontologies","level":5,"score":0.4940977394580841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.44239887595176697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4369523823261261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115408247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3882789","display_name":"Ontology Inference Layer","level":5,"score":0.43425464630126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4129104018211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2553356","display_name":"OWL-S","level":4,"score":0.41265150904655457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3991904854774475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3634531497955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2040872573852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167379230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026884","display_name":"Semantic Web Stack","level":3,"score":0.11712139844894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.07055187225341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/016555150202800503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/016555150202800503","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68913162","display_name":"Journal of Information Science","issn_l":"0165-5515","issn":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.198.6566","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.198.6566","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://homepage.uibk.ac.at/~c703205/download/JIS-Part2.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.86.4634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.86.4634","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://osm.cs.byu.edu/CS652s04/DF02OntologyGeneration.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.88.7905","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.88.7905","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://osm.cs.byu.edu/CS652s04/DF02OntologyMapping.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15927890","https://openalex.org/W33932617","https://openalex.org/W126547279","https://openalex.org/W169857237","https://openalex.org/W171340967","https://openalex.org/W173527909","https://openalex.org/W175655252","https://openalex.org/W179408407","https://openalex.org/W188418520","https://openalex.org/W229883811","https://openalex.org/W348917099","https://openalex.org/W396027602","https://openalex.org/W1503729935","https://openalex.org/W1506205352","https://openalex.org/W1515390937","https://openalex.org/W1532012722","https://openalex.org/W1549711853","https://openalex.org/W1555476679","https://openalex.org/W1568922413","https://openalex.org/W1600475986","https://openalex.org/W1633771733","https://openalex.org/W1635735374","https://openalex.org/W1665997306","https://openalex.org/W1798096159","https://openalex.org/W1832170988","https://openalex.org/W1911282740","https://openalex.org/W1937367249","https://openalex.org/W1995871059","https://openalex.org/W2015914309","https://openalex.org/W2016758618","https://openalex.org/W2019960051","https://openalex.org/W2020636263","https://openalex.org/W2023190828","https://openalex.org/W2035758533","https://openalex.org/W2036705516","https://openalex.org/W2075043418","https://openalex.org/W2089634871","https://openalex.org/W2093381383","https://openalex.org/W2093775596","https://openalex.org/W2114684560","https://openalex.org/W2124957697","https://openalex.org/W2130759663","https://openalex.org/W2137079713","https://openalex.org/W2146273255","https://openalex.org/W2147931420","https://openalex.org/W2169407987","https://openalex.org/W2172549414","https://openalex.org/W2907739754","https://openalex.org/W3145502257","https://openalex.org/W4255318870","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206428734","https://openalex.org/W4248726527","https://openalex.org/W2608149786","https://openalex.org/W2732632690","https://openalex.org/W2012420033","https://openalex.org/W2102229151","https://openalex.org/W2365397974","https://openalex.org/W1794266373","https://openalex.org/W2138664789","https://openalex.org/W2098243473"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"is":[1,21,34,59,72,109,125,128,161,208],"the":[2,44,131,144,173,181,201,205],"second":[3],"of":[4,28,49,61,65,90,147,175,193,204],"a":[5,24,29,36,87],"two-part":[6],"paper":[7],"to":[8,46,97,100,179,197,209],"review":[9],"ontology":[10,16,66,140],"research":[11,135,141,185],"and":[12,18,51,56,68,79,85,92,104,115,150,177,191],"development,":[13],"in":[14,94,142,163,172,188],"particular,":[15],"mapping":[17,55,71,149],"evolving.":[19],"Ontology":[20,32,70,106],"defined":[22],"as":[23,118],"formal":[25],"explicit":[26],"specification":[27],"shared":[30],"conceptualization.":[31],"itself":[33],"not":[35],"static":[37],"model":[38],"so":[39,153],"that":[40,133],"it":[41],"must":[42],"have":[43,152,168],"potential":[45],"capture":[47],"changes":[48],"meanings":[50],"relations.":[52],"As":[53],"such,":[54],"evolving":[57,151],"ontologies":[58,114],"part":[60],"an":[62],"essential":[63,162],"task":[64],"learning":[67],"development.":[69],"concerned":[73,110],"with":[74,111],"reusing":[75],"existing":[76,113],"ontologies,":[77],"expanding":[78],"combining":[80],"them":[81,117],"by":[82],"some":[83],"means":[84],"enabling":[86],"larger":[88],"pool":[89],"information":[91,122],"knowledge":[93,124],"different":[95],"domains":[96],"be":[98,198,210],"integrated":[99],"support":[101],"new":[102,121],"communication":[103],"use.":[105],"evolving,":[107],"likewise,":[108],"maintaining":[112],"extending":[116],"appropriate":[119],"when":[120],"or":[123,138],"acquired.":[126],"It":[127],"apparent":[129],"from":[130],"reviews":[132],"current":[134],"into":[136],"semi-automatic":[137],"automatic":[139],"all":[143,165],"three":[145],"aspects":[146],"generation,":[148],"far":[154],"achieved":[155],"limited":[156],"success.":[157],"Expert":[158],"human":[159,182],"input":[160],"almost":[164],"cases.":[166],"Achievements":[167],"been":[169],"made":[170],"largely":[171],"form":[174],"tools":[176],"aids":[178],"assist":[180],"expert.":[183],"Many":[184],"challenges":[186,195],"remain":[187],"this":[189],"field":[190],"many":[192],"such":[194],"need":[196],"overcome":[199],"if":[200],"next":[202],"generation":[203],"Semantic":[206],"Web":[207],"realized.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}