{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2126537563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/016555150202800401","title":"National Information Policy developments worldwide II: universal access - addressing the digital divide","display_name":"National Information Policy developments worldwide II: universal access - addressing the digital divide","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2126537563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/016555150202800401","mag":"2126537563"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/016555150202800401","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/016555150202800401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68913162","display_name":"Journal of Information Science","issn_l":"0165-5515","issn":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080728245","display_name":"Adrienne Muir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9222-9248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrienne Muir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science, Loughborough University, UK","Department of Information Science, Loughborough University,UK#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science, Loughborough University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science, Loughborough University,UK#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005748252","display_name":"Charles Oppenheim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-3572"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Charles Oppenheim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science, Loughborough University, UK,","Department of Information Science, Loughborough University,UK#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science, Loughborough University, UK,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science, Loughborough University,UK#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005748252"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1576,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92935045,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"4","first_page":"263","last_page":"273"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13789","display_name":"Global Education Systems and Policies","score":0.9452000260353088,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13789","display_name":"Global Education Systems and Policies","score":0.9452000260353088,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11461","display_name":"Local Government Finance and Decentralization","score":0.9277999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-divide","display_name":"Digital divide","score":0.7981168627738953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/honesty","display_name":"Honesty","score":0.5997381210327148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/universal-design","display_name":"Universal design","score":0.5797057747840881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-access","display_name":"Information access","score":0.572617769241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-policy","display_name":"Information policy","score":0.5722025036811829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.44825479388237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.44124409556388855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43926292657852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-administration","display_name":"Public administration","score":0.3620869517326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.3349866271018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.320873498916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.29170918464660645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.22576600313186646}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173655357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244752","display_name":"Digital divide","level":3,"score":0.7981168627738953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777293324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337349","display_name":"Honesty","level":2,"score":0.5997381210327148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99527880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q781118","display_name":"Universal design","level":2,"score":0.5797057747840881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776543384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593289","display_name":"Information access","level":2,"score":0.572617769241333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779455174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6031151","display_name":"Information policy","level":2,"score":0.5722025036811829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.44825479388237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.44124409556388855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43926292657852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3620869517326355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3349866271018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.320873498916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.29170918464660645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.22576600313186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/016555150202800401","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/016555150202800401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S68913162","display_name":"Journal of Information Science","issn_l":"0165-5515","issn":["0165-5515","1741-6485"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W266991563","https://openalex.org/W396027602","https://openalex.org/W982564860","https://openalex.org/W1581614064","https://openalex.org/W2000231033","https://openalex.org/W2035187245","https://openalex.org/W2035215270","https://openalex.org/W2066060307","https://openalex.org/W2067564119","https://openalex.org/W2069502131","https://openalex.org/W2070214155","https://openalex.org/W2083378350","https://openalex.org/W2103263237","https://openalex.org/W2133307594","https://openalex.org/W2165402191","https://openalex.org/W2187910239","https://openalex.org/W2764722058","https://openalex.org/W3020873401","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540795776","https://openalex.org/W2034100760","https://openalex.org/W2062661963","https://openalex.org/W1541176727","https://openalex.org/W2053860592","https://openalex.org/W1994582706","https://openalex.org/W2183478555","https://openalex.org/W22961745","https://openalex.org/W1552406367","https://openalex.org/W4250744831"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Universal":[0],"access":[1,16],"refers":[2],"to":[3,13,17,87],"that":[4,11],"part":[5],"of":[6,22,33,52],"a":[7,34],"National":[8],"Information":[9],"Policy":[10],"attempts":[12],"ensure":[14],"equal":[15],"information":[18,43],"for":[19],"all,":[20],"irrespective":[21],"location,":[23],"financial":[24],"resources":[25],"or":[26],"disabilities.":[27],"This":[28],"paper":[29],"describes":[30],"the":[31,50,53,57,65,70,74,81,89],"results":[32],"desk-based":[35],"literature":[36],"survey":[37],"on":[38],"recent":[39],"developments":[40],"in":[41,45,63],"national":[42],"policies":[44],"this":[46],"area.":[47],"It":[48,67],"considers":[49],"question":[51],"digital":[54],"divide,":[55],"and":[56,80],"various":[58],"approaches":[59],"taken":[60],"by":[61],"governments":[62],"addressing":[64],"problems.":[66,90],"particularly":[68],"notes":[69],"honesty":[71],"with":[72],"which":[73],"USA":[75],"has":[76],"described":[77],"its":[78],"problems,":[79],"vigorous":[82],"efforts":[83],"it":[84],"is":[85],"making":[86],"address":[88]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
