{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139935067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650207302789","title":"Anticipated Guilt as Motivation to Help Unknown Others","display_name":"Anticipated Guilt as Motivation to Help Unknown Others","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139935067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650207302789","mag":"2139935067"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0093650207302789","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650207302789","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28604305","display_name":"Communication Research","issn_l":"0093-6502","issn":["0093-6502","1552-3810"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communication Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076672377","display_name":"Lisa L. Massi Lindsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4113-1256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lisa L. Massi Lindsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028646859","display_name":"Kimo Ah Yun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43522216","display_name":"California State University, Sacramento","ror":"https://ror.org/03e26wv14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimo Ah Yun","raw_affiliation_strings":["California State University, Sacramento","California State University. Sacramento"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University, Sacramento","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University. Sacramento","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042430013","display_name":"Jennifer B. Hill","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43522216","display_name":"California State University, Sacramento","ror":"https://ror.org/03e26wv14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer B. Hill","raw_affiliation_strings":["California State University, Sacramento","California State University. Sacramento"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University, Sacramento","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University. Sacramento","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43522216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076672377"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2187,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":93,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88424464,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"4","first_page":"468","last_page":"480"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12313","display_name":"Emotions and Moral Behavior","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12313","display_name":"Emotions and Moral Behavior","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12520","display_name":"Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11454","display_name":"Cultural Differences and Values","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.8144569396972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anticipation","display_name":"Anticipation (artificial intelligence)","score":0.8119642734527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empathy","display_name":"Empathy","score":0.8013027906417847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empathic-concern","display_name":"Empathic concern","score":0.7649253606796265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.6998903751373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feeling","display_name":"Feeling","score":0.6927708983421326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.6925408840179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective-taking","display_name":"Perspective-taking","score":0.567101240158081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prosocial-behavior","display_name":"Prosocial behavior","score":0.5434515476226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.5128874778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/donation","display_name":"Donation","score":0.4626833498477936}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8144569396972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176777502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4774623","display_name":"Anticipation (artificial intelligence)","level":2,"score":0.8119642734527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779885105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182263","display_name":"Empathy","level":2,"score":0.8013027906417847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778251646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5373833","display_name":"Empathic concern","level":4,"score":0.7649253606796265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.6998903751373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122980154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205555","display_name":"Feeling","level":2,"score":0.6927708983421326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6925408840179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780342009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18387795","display_name":"Perspective-taking","level":3,"score":0.567101240158081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158608086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2990613","display_name":"Prosocial behavior","level":2,"score":0.5434515476226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5128874778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775933685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124860","display_name":"Donation","level":2,"score":0.4626833498477936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0093650207302789","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650207302789","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28604305","display_name":"Communication Research","issn_l":"0093-6502","issn":["0093-6502","1552-3810"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communication Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W85091029","https://openalex.org/W252749573","https://openalex.org/W1771619171","https://openalex.org/W1966336169","https://openalex.org/W1968119464","https://openalex.org/W1968134004","https://openalex.org/W1971440513","https://openalex.org/W1980083892","https://openalex.org/W1981886411","https://openalex.org/W1984186949","https://openalex.org/W1992324151","https://openalex.org/W1997164136","https://openalex.org/W2001374722","https://openalex.org/W2001601592","https://openalex.org/W2011130450","https://openalex.org/W2011374129","https://openalex.org/W2012295155","https://openalex.org/W2020624443","https://openalex.org/W2053627212","https://openalex.org/W2056795330","https://openalex.org/W2065659429","https://openalex.org/W2066186566","https://openalex.org/W2070809657","https://openalex.org/W2079478957","https://openalex.org/W2080241964","https://openalex.org/W2086493181","https://openalex.org/W2092637091","https://openalex.org/W2094930273","https://openalex.org/W2109146169","https://openalex.org/W2120771953","https://openalex.org/W2128624688","https://openalex.org/W2128809942","https://openalex.org/W2129217934","https://openalex.org/W2138212368","https://openalex.org/W2138351915","https://openalex.org/W2140142834","https://openalex.org/W2153155150","https://openalex.org/W2159059374","https://openalex.org/W2313325349","https://openalex.org/W2325199047","https://openalex.org/W2329925658","https://openalex.org/W2489364982","https://openalex.org/W2490046659","https://openalex.org/W2500013302","https://openalex.org/W2505624357","https://openalex.org/W2569944588","https://openalex.org/W2580389126","https://openalex.org/W4230666366","https://openalex.org/W4231768294","https://openalex.org/W4238552737","https://openalex.org/W4241650702","https://openalex.org/W4246411710","https://openalex.org/W4249826737","https://openalex.org/W4250750072","https://openalex.org/W4292811746","https://openalex.org/W4388252364"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2282254244","https://openalex.org/W2912675163","https://openalex.org/W3095680829","https://openalex.org/W2770881820","https://openalex.org/W4213243418","https://openalex.org/W2770034580","https://openalex.org/W2183271856","https://openalex.org/W2013969722","https://openalex.org/W2970938065","https://openalex.org/W2082686645"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Previous":[0],"research":[1],"finds":[2],"that":[3,5,26,124],"messages":[4],"induce":[6],"substantial":[7,129],"perceptions":[8],"of":[9,23,93,103],"(a)":[10],"an":[11,145],"unknown-other":[12],"directed":[13],"threat,":[14],"(b)":[15],"response-efficacy,":[16],"and":[17,31,69,81,107,118,135,150],"(c)":[18],"self-efficacy":[19],"result":[20],"in":[21],"feelings":[22],"anticipated":[24,82,119,151],"guilt":[25,133,152],"subsequently":[27],"motivate":[28],"behavioral":[29],"intent,":[30],"ultimately,":[32],"behaviors":[33],"to":[34,38,56,77,101,112],"avert":[35],"the":[36,73,91,125,141],"threat":[37],"unknown":[39],"others.":[40],"It":[41],"is":[42,86],"not":[43],"clear,":[44],"however,":[45],"if":[46],"certain":[47],"individual":[48],"differences":[49],"make":[50],"people":[51],"more":[52],"or":[53],"less":[54],"likely":[55],"experience":[57],"anticipatory":[58],"guilt.":[59,83,120],"To":[60],"this":[61,63],"end,":[62],"study":[64],"asks":[65],"whether":[66],"empathic":[67,116],"concern":[68],"perspective":[70,114],"taking":[71],"moderates":[72],"relationship":[74],"between":[75,148],"exposure":[76],"such":[78],"a":[79,109,128,137],"message":[80,105,126],"This":[84],"question":[85],"tested":[87],"by":[88],"focusing":[89],"on":[90,132],"topic":[92],"bone":[94],"marrow":[95],"donation.":[96],"Participants":[97],"are":[98,153],"assigned":[99],"randomly":[100],"1":[102],"3":[104],"conditions":[106],"complete":[108],"questionnaire":[110],"designed":[111],"assess":[113],"taking,":[115],"concern,":[117],"The":[121],"data":[122],"indicate":[123],"has":[127],"direct":[130,138],"effect":[131,139,147],"anticipation,":[134],"neither":[136],"for":[140],"empathy":[142,149],"dimensions":[143],"nor":[144],"interaction":[146],"present.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}