{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2042559705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003754979807100602","title":"The High Level Architecture for Simulations","display_name":"The High Level Architecture for Simulations","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2042559705","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003754979807100602","mag":"2042559705"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/003754979807100602","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003754979807100602","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32573412","display_name":"SIMULATION","issn_l":"0037-5497","issn":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIMULATION","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033369875","display_name":"Mike Lightner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800247629","display_name":"AEgis Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01cswdc74","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800247629"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mike Lightner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aegis Research Corporation, Florida"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aegis Research Corporation, Florida","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800247629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015732286","display_name":"Judith Dahmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1296703163","display_name":"Office of the Secretary of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4sx826","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1296703163","https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800247629","display_name":"AEgis Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01cswdc74","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800247629"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judith Dahmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aegis Research Corporation, Florida","Defense Modeling and Simulation Office, Virginia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aegis Research Corporation, Florida","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800247629"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defense Modeling and Simulation Office, Virginia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1296703163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033369875","display_name":"Mike Lightner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800247629","display_name":"AEgis Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01cswdc74","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800247629"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mike Lightner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aegis Research Corporation, Florida"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aegis Research Corporation, Florida","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800247629"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015732286","display_name":"Judith Dahmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1296703163","display_name":"Office of the Secretary of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4sx826","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1296703163","https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800247629","display_name":"AEgis Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01cswdc74","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800247629"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Judith Dahmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aegis Research Corporation, Florida","Defense Modeling and Simulation Office, Virginia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aegis Research Corporation, Florida","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800247629"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defense Modeling and Simulation Office, Virginia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1296703163"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1948632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"71","issue":"6","first_page":"377","last_page":"377"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.96670001745224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.9470999836921692,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-level-architecture","display_name":"High-level architecture","score":0.7725380659103394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7268209457397461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.6929417848587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5441426634788513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5225433707237244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-interactive-simulation","display_name":"Distributed Interactive Simulation","score":0.49712231755256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-architecture","display_name":"Software architecture","score":0.47084471583366394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.44971972703933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.43636494874954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.3260767459869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3156649172306061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.20997390151023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.13380646705627441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.11917853355407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10464510321617126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780863039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640931","display_name":"High-level architecture","level":3,"score":0.7725380659103394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7268209457397461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.6929417848587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5441426634788513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5225433707237244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780442957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229575","display_name":"Distributed Interactive Simulation","level":2,"score":0.49712231755256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35869016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846636","display_name":"Software architecture","level":3,"score":0.47084471583366394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.44971972703933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.43636494874954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.3260767459869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3156649172306061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.20997390151023865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.13380646705627441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.11917853355407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10464510321617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/003754979807100602","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/003754979807100602","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32573412","display_name":"SIMULATION","issn_l":"0037-5497","issn":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIMULATION","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366479043","https://openalex.org/W2369279778","https://openalex.org/W256467966","https://openalex.org/W2347932895","https://openalex.org/W2370485964","https://openalex.org/W10372765","https://openalex.org/W2365925317","https://openalex.org/W2110839052","https://openalex.org/W2384398084","https://openalex.org/W2364493402"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"T":[0],"Special":[1],"Issue":[2],"of":[3,46,71,99,113,116,134,153,173,178,190,206,210,231],"SIMULATION":[4],"is":[5,32,54,58,65],"devoted":[6],"to":[7,41,60,147,195,202,212],"the":[8,25,132,140,154,184,191,204,223,226,232],"\u201cHigh":[9],"Level":[10,29,193,244],"Architecture":[11,30,194,245],"for":[12,37,68,78,87,96,162,165,246],"Simulation,\u201d":[13],"with":[14],"a":[15,33,43,69,149,171,199,237,241],"focus":[16],"on":[17],"simulation":[18,39,47,72,155,163,239],"applications":[19,86,110,164,177],"which":[20,118],"have":[21,125],"been":[22],"implemented":[23],"using":[24],"HLA.":[26],"The":[27,51,242],"High":[28,192,243],"(HLA)":[31],"general-purpose":[34,135],"software":[35,59,136],"architecture":[36,52],"distributed":[38,83,92,105,238],"designed":[40],"support":[42,61,213],"wide":[44],"range":[45],"approaches":[48,144],"and":[49,104,124],"applications.":[50,107],"itself":[53],"openly":[55],"available,":[56],"as":[57,139],"its":[62],"implementation.":[63],"It":[64],"being":[66],"used":[67],"variety":[70],"applications,":[73],"including":[74],"linked":[75],"high-fidelity":[76],"simulators":[77],"mission":[79],"rehearsal,":[80],"Internet":[81],"games,":[82],"virtual":[84],"learning":[85],"team":[88],"skill":[89],"building,":[90],"large":[91],"discrete":[93],"event":[94],"simulations":[95,211],"training,":[97],"analysis":[98],"international":[100,185],"space":[101],"station":[102],"developments,":[103],"medical":[106],"These":[108],"diverse":[109],"are":[111,145],"examples":[112],"different":[114,121,128],"forms":[115],"\u2018simulation\u2019":[117],"come":[119],"from":[120],"technical":[122,143],"heritages":[123],"historically":[126],"supported":[127],"user":[129],"communities.":[130],"With":[131],"advent":[133],"capabilities":[137],"such":[138],"HLA,":[141],"once-isolated":[142],"beginning":[146],"become":[148],"readily":[150],"available":[151],"part":[152],"developers\u2019":[156],"toolkit,":[157],"opening":[158],"up":[159],"new":[160,166],"possibilities":[161],"users.":[167],"This":[168],"issue":[169],"includes":[170],"series":[172],"articles":[174],"that":[175],"describe":[176],"HLA":[179,208,219],"in":[180],"multiple":[181],"domains":[182],"across":[183],"community.":[186],"\u201cTRAILBLAZER:":[187],"An":[188,218],"Application":[189],"Joint":[196],"Experimentation\u201d":[197],"describes":[198],"project":[200],"created":[201],"examine":[203],"application":[205],"an":[207,228],"federation":[209],"joint":[214],"experimentation.":[215],"In":[216],"\u201cDeveloping":[217],"Virtual":[220,233],"Command":[221,234],"Post,\u201d":[222],"authors":[224],"discuss":[225],"development":[227],"HLA-compliant":[229],"version":[230],"Post":[235],"(VCP),":[236],"providing":[240],"Simulations":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}