{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2027960700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549709340823","title":"An Approach to Detection of High Impedance Fault Using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Artificial Neural Networks","display_name":"An Approach to Detection of High Impedance Fault Using Discrete Wavelet Transform and Artificial Neural Networks","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2027960700","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549709340823","mag":"2027960700"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0037549709340823","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549709340823","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32573412","display_name":"SIMULATION","issn_l":"0037-5497","issn":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIMULATION","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056451976","display_name":"Behrooz Vahidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9430-9468"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158248296","display_name":"Amirkabir University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzbav43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Behrooz Vahidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran,","Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir Universityof Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir Universityof Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010440819","display_name":"Navid Ghaffarzadeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5552-9866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158248296","display_name":"Amirkabir University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzbav43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navid Ghaffarzadeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran","Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir Universityof Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir Universityof Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107839560","display_name":"Sayed Hosein Hosseinian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158248296","display_name":"Amirkabir University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzbav43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sayed Hosein Hosseinian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran","Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir Universityof Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir Universityof Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101910361","display_name":"Seyed Mohammad Ahadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0062-3836"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158248296","display_name":"Amirkabir University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gzbav43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Mohammad Ahadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran","Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir Universityof Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir Universityof Technology 424 Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056451976"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158248296"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07138428,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"86","issue":"4","first_page":"203","last_page":"215"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10972","display_name":"Power Systems Fault Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12737","display_name":"Electrical Fault Detection and Protection","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13183","display_name":"Islanding Detection in Power Systems","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-wavelet-transform","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","score":0.7222745418548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6599014401435852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-impedance","display_name":"High impedance","score":0.5353771448135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5169938802719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.5123983025550842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49727872014045715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault","display_name":"Fault (geology)","score":0.4781832993030548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4641472101211548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4635874927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-detection-and-isolation","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","score":0.46197429299354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.43566328287124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.4298960566520691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.41890886425971985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.41679874062538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3614182472229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.08790409564971924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.08152273297309875}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46286280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414958","display_name":"Discrete wavelet transform","level":4,"score":0.7222745418548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6599014401435852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174268685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769127","display_name":"High impedance","level":3,"score":0.5353771448135376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5169938802719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.5123983025550842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49727872014045715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175551986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47089","display_name":"Fault (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4781832993030548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4641472101211548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4635874927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152745839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5438153","display_name":"Fault detection and isolation","level":3,"score":0.46197429299354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.43566328287124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.4298960566520691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.41890886425971985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.41679874062538147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3614182472229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08790409564971924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.08152273297309875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172707124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423488","display_name":"Actuator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0037549709340823","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549709340823","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32573412","display_name":"SIMULATION","issn_l":"0037-5497","issn":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIMULATION","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W615430170","https://openalex.org/W1489924304","https://openalex.org/W1935688837","https://openalex.org/W1967920421","https://openalex.org/W1984098708","https://openalex.org/W1988526110","https://openalex.org/W1995633490","https://openalex.org/W1995909470","https://openalex.org/W2004521066","https://openalex.org/W2008958182","https://openalex.org/W2024267312","https://openalex.org/W2034419495","https://openalex.org/W2049917889","https://openalex.org/W2050161538","https://openalex.org/W2055612264","https://openalex.org/W2068112626","https://openalex.org/W2076413968","https://openalex.org/W2079821185","https://openalex.org/W2084866097","https://openalex.org/W2099399699","https://openalex.org/W2104008145","https://openalex.org/W2108473166","https://openalex.org/W2109641041","https://openalex.org/W2111015730","https://openalex.org/W2111104557","https://openalex.org/W2116588830","https://openalex.org/W2124332756","https://openalex.org/W2129969471","https://openalex.org/W2132628374","https://openalex.org/W2134500726","https://openalex.org/W2136007559","https://openalex.org/W2141129221","https://openalex.org/W2141539191","https://openalex.org/W2146842127","https://openalex.org/W2151912871","https://openalex.org/W2152298089","https://openalex.org/W2153404114","https://openalex.org/W2158551853","https://openalex.org/W2159860553","https://openalex.org/W2168957915","https://openalex.org/W2170020415","https://openalex.org/W2171723112","https://openalex.org/W3139555398","https://openalex.org/W3141847210","https://openalex.org/W3145764921","https://openalex.org/W4234469199","https://openalex.org/W4246312206"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2085792030","https://openalex.org/W1577789985","https://openalex.org/W2174290408","https://openalex.org/W2792520941","https://openalex.org/W2047056993","https://openalex.org/W2112061901","https://openalex.org/W2390482320","https://openalex.org/W1994967090","https://openalex.org/W57803080","https://openalex.org/W2373883654"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"High":[0],"impedance":[1],"faults":[2,5],"(HIF)":[3],"are":[4,7,64,104,127],"that":[6,58],"difficult":[8],"to":[9,30,61,80,90,96,130],"detect":[10,31],"by":[11,33],"conventional":[12],"protection":[13],"relays.":[14],"In":[15],"this":[16],"paper,":[17],"a":[18,25,70,121],"new":[19],"HIF":[20,32,62,141],"model":[21],"is":[22,28,88],"introduced":[23],"and":[24,40,55,76,95,106,134],"novel":[26],"methodology":[27],"presented":[29],"means":[34],"of":[35,73,114,124,136],"discrete":[36],"wavelet":[37],"transform":[38],"(DWT)":[39],"artificial":[41],"neural":[42],"network":[43],"(ANN).":[44],"The":[45,112],"distorted":[46,93],"waveforms":[47],"(HIF,":[48],"load":[49],"switching,":[50,52],"line":[51],"capacitor":[53],"switching":[54],"non-linear":[56],"loads":[57],"behave":[59],"similar":[60],"current)":[63],"generated":[65],"using":[66,78,120],"PSCAD/EMTDC,":[67],"captured":[68],"with":[69,83],"sampling":[71],"rate":[72],"20":[74],"kHz":[75],"de-noised":[77],"DWT":[79,87],"obtain":[81],"signals":[82],"higher":[84],"signal-to-noise":[85],"ratio.":[86],"used":[89],"decompose":[91],"the":[92,110,115,132,137],"signal":[94],"extract":[97],"its":[98],"useful":[99],"information.":[100],"Appropriate":[101],"feature":[102],"vectors":[103],"created":[105],"applied":[107],"in":[108,140],"training":[109],"ANN.":[111],"effectiveness":[113],"proposed":[116,138],"method":[117,139],"was":[118],"tested":[119],"wide":[122],"spectrum":[123],"disturbances.":[125],"Simulations":[126],"carried":[128],"out":[129],"confirm":[131],"suitability":[133],"capability":[135],"detection.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T06:06:40.768181","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}