{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122159002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549709103652","title":"An Optimal Design Method for Simulation Verification, Validation and Accreditation Schemes","display_name":"An Optimal Design Method for Simulation Verification, Validation and Accreditation Schemes","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122159002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549709103652","mag":"2122159002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0037549709103652","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549709103652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32573412","display_name":"SIMULATION","issn_l":"0037-5497","issn":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIMULATION","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100394696","display_name":"Fei Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3561-3619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161462","display_name":"Heilongjiang Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05x0m9n95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin, 150080 Heilongjiang, China,","Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin, 150080 Heilongjiang, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin, 150080 Heilongjiang, China,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462","https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin, 150080 Heilongjiang, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100721448","display_name":"Ming Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0020-8683"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204983213","display_name":"Harbin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01yqg2h08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161462","display_name":"Heilongjiang Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05x0m9n95","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin, 150080 Heilongjiang, China","Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin, 150080 Heilongjiang, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin, 150080 Heilongjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161462","https://openalex.org/I204983213"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin, 150080 Heilongjiang, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204983213"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4221,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82683983,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"85","issue":"6","first_page":"375","last_page":"386"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5878642797470093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.570188045501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5636470317840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5632712244987488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimal-design","display_name":"Optimal design","score":0.5583062767982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.5445771813392639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.43614286184310913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-programming","display_name":"Linear programming","score":0.41249340772628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.19722768664360046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17230305075645447}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5878642797470093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.570188045501709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5636470317840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5632712244987488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186394612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098942","display_name":"Optimal design","level":2,"score":0.5583062767982483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.5445771813392639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.43614286184310913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.41249340772628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.19722768664360046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17230305075645447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0037549709103652","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549709103652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32573412","display_name":"SIMULATION","issn_l":"0037-5497","issn":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIMULATION","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13370388","https://openalex.org/W137321552","https://openalex.org/W1505076599","https://openalex.org/W1562927459","https://openalex.org/W1569189826","https://openalex.org/W1592580928","https://openalex.org/W1898259180","https://openalex.org/W1978217468","https://openalex.org/W1991884084","https://openalex.org/W2005739741","https://openalex.org/W2009568361","https://openalex.org/W2013782263","https://openalex.org/W2087745828","https://openalex.org/W2096768134","https://openalex.org/W2139693271","https://openalex.org/W2161140309","https://openalex.org/W2161868440","https://openalex.org/W2170925298","https://openalex.org/W2189435985","https://openalex.org/W2235178083","https://openalex.org/W2391955922","https://openalex.org/W2555169959","https://openalex.org/W2764629510","https://openalex.org/W2796901959","https://openalex.org/W4210492122","https://openalex.org/W4238919913","https://openalex.org/W4245109036","https://openalex.org/W4247381878","https://openalex.org/W4302039983"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2366107444","https://openalex.org/W4388145910","https://openalex.org/W2381570729","https://openalex.org/W1976205134","https://openalex.org/W4248336175","https://openalex.org/W2031260042","https://openalex.org/W2391445434","https://openalex.org/W3009369890","https://openalex.org/W4312490297","https://openalex.org/W2062212388"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,70,80,102,106,109,127,131,135,140,144,147,164,181],"size":[2],"and":[3,19,23,62,88,92,111],"complexity":[4],"of":[5,72,79,82,130],"simulation":[6,29,75,136],"applications":[7],"growing":[8],"rapidly,":[9],"it":[10],"has":[11],"become":[12],"an":[13,38,159,176],"important":[14],"problem":[15],"to":[16,68,100,125,139,162,178,183],"design":[17,40],"applicable":[18],"affordable":[20],"verification,":[21],"validation":[22],"accreditation":[24],"(VV&A)":[25],"schemes":[26],"for":[27,42,105,113,134],"complex":[28,74],"systems.":[30],"To":[31],"address":[32],"this":[33,35,118],"problem,":[34],"paper":[36],"proposes":[37],"optimal":[39,128,141,145,148,154],"method":[41,155],"VV&A":[43,47,57,86,132,149,184],"schemes,":[44],"which":[45],"focuses":[46],"on":[48,117],"most":[49,55],"critical":[50],"aspects":[51],"rather":[52],"than":[53],"selects":[54],"appropriate":[56],"methods.":[58],"Fuzzy":[59],"failure":[60],"mode":[61],"effects":[63],"analysis":[64,97],"(FMEA)":[65],"is":[66,98,123,151],"employed":[67],"assess":[69],"risk":[71,81,110],"a":[73],"system.":[76,137],"In":[77],"terms":[78],"each":[83,114],"failure,":[84],"its":[85],"activities":[87],"cost":[89,112,166,182],"are":[90],"estimated,":[91],"then":[93],"fuzzy":[94,120],"linear":[95,121],"regression":[96],"used":[99],"construct":[101,126],"mathematical":[103],"model":[104,129],"relation":[107],"between":[108],"failure.":[115],"Based":[116],"model,":[119,146],"programming":[122],"adopted":[124],"scheme":[133,150],"According":[138],"solution":[142],"from":[143],"found.":[152],"This":[153],"not":[156],"only":[157],"provides":[158],"effective":[160],"means":[161],"estimate":[163],"overall":[165],"that":[167],"should":[168],"be":[169],"invested":[170],"in":[171],"VV&A,":[172],"but":[173],"also":[174],"gives":[175],"approach":[177],"reasonable":[179],"assign":[180],"activities.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}