{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2074397292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549704050907","title":"UTSAF: A Multi-Agent-Based Software Bridge for Interoperability between Distributed Military and Commercial Gaming Simulation","display_name":"UTSAF: A Multi-Agent-Based Software Bridge for Interoperability between Distributed Military and Commercial Gaming Simulation","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2074397292","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549704050907","mag":"2074397292"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0037549704050907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549704050907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32573412","display_name":"SIMULATION","issn_l":"0037-5497","issn":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIMULATION","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109866810","display_name":"Phongsak Prasithsangaree","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Phongsak Prasithsangaree","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of                         Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA,","Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of                         Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027262761","display_name":"Joseph Manojlovich","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130035786","display_name":"University Ucinf","ror":"https://ror.org/02cs9pv18","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130035786"]}],"countries":["CL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Manojlovich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of                         Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA","Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of                         Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I3130035786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109908631","display_name":"Stephen Hughes","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130035786","display_name":"University Ucinf","ror":"https://ror.org/02cs9pv18","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130035786"]}],"countries":["CL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Hughes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of                         Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA","Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of                         Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I3130035786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004412943","display_name":"Mike Lewis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0679-6612"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3130035786","display_name":"University Ucinf","ror":"https://ror.org/02cs9pv18","country_code":"CL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3130035786"]}],"countries":["CL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mike Lewis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of                         Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA","Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of                         Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I3130035786"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Sciences and Telecommunications, University of Pittsburgh, 135 N. Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109866810"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.987,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85538626,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"80","issue":"12","first_page":"647","last_page":"657"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9782000184059143,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.7669451236724854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperation","display_name":"Interoperation","score":0.7565385103225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6999402642250061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middleware","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","score":0.5790085196495056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5515501499176025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridge","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","score":0.49755433201789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3835436701774597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.33702772855758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1316256821155548}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.7669451236724854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139458680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184942","display_name":"Interoperation","level":3,"score":0.7565385103225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6999402642250061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169468491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146923","display_name":"Middleware (distributed applications)","level":2,"score":0.5790085196495056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5515501499176025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.49755433201789856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3835436701774597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.33702772855758667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1316256821155548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0037549704050907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0037549704050907","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S32573412","display_name":"SIMULATION","issn_l":"0037-5497","issn":["0037-5497","1741-3133"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SIMULATION","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308668","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310174","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310207","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W103509187","https://openalex.org/W118372104","https://openalex.org/W1577522167","https://openalex.org/W1594751017","https://openalex.org/W1970004594","https://openalex.org/W1983178032","https://openalex.org/W2014073269","https://openalex.org/W2030315736","https://openalex.org/W2085868737","https://openalex.org/W2086269448","https://openalex.org/W2090797783","https://openalex.org/W2100363062","https://openalex.org/W2113567833","https://openalex.org/W2124299368","https://openalex.org/W2158510558","https://openalex.org/W2169660335","https://openalex.org/W2185703560","https://openalex.org/W2483002196","https://openalex.org/W2625650598","https://openalex.org/W2914849365","https://openalex.org/W4236896491","https://openalex.org/W4251576370","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4302039983"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3195682748","https://openalex.org/W2126880801","https://openalex.org/W2106545963","https://openalex.org/W2348166665","https://openalex.org/W2112050737","https://openalex.org/W4210786264","https://openalex.org/W123583347","https://openalex.org/W4210651130","https://openalex.org/W2159755931","https://openalex.org/W2481611080"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rapid":[0],"advances":[1],"in":[2,55],"consumer":[3,11],"electronics":[4],"have":[5],"led":[6],"to":[7,41,53,68,115,139],"the":[8,45,63],"anomaly":[9],"that":[10,95],"off-the-shelf":[12],"gaming":[13,48],"hardware":[14],"and":[15,23,93,127,144],"software":[16,39,101],"provide":[17],"better":[18],"interactive":[19,125],"graphics":[20],"than":[21],"military":[22,59,119],"other":[24,147],"specialized":[25],"systems":[26,49],"costing":[27],"orders":[28],"of":[29,44,47,65,87],"magnitude":[30],"more.":[31],"UTSAF":[32,61,135],"(Unreal":[33],"Tournament":[34],"Semi-Automated":[35],"Force)":[36],"is":[37],"bridging":[38],"written":[40],"take":[42],"advantage":[43,86],"power":[46],"by":[50,84],"allowing":[51],"them":[52],"participate":[54],"distributed":[56,124],"simulations":[57],"with":[58,146],"simulators.":[60,130],"illustrates":[62],"use":[64],"multiagent":[66,97,133],"technology":[67],"flexibly":[69],"interconnect":[70],"otherwise":[71],"incompatible":[72],"systems.":[73],"This":[74],"article":[75],"describes":[76],"an":[77],"architectural":[78],"approach":[79],"for":[80,90,107],"rapidly":[81],"constructing":[82],"middleware":[83],"taking":[85],"built-in":[88],"capabilities":[89],"processing,":[91],"communication,":[92],"interoperation":[94],"a":[96,132],"infrastructure":[98],"provides.":[99],"Several":[100],"agents":[102],"based":[103,122],"on":[104,123],"Reusable":[105],"Environment":[106],"Task-Structured":[108],"Intelligent":[109],"Networked":[110],"Agents":[111],"(RETSINAs)":[112],"are":[113],"used":[114],"support":[116,140],"interoperability":[117],"between":[118],"simulation":[120,126],"nodes":[121],"Unreal":[128],"game":[129],"Using":[131],"system,":[134],"can":[136],"be":[137],"expanded":[138],"several":[141],"network":[142],"environments":[143],"interact":[145],"agent-based":[148],"software.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
