{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3041734782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720820937520","title":"The Validity of Three New Driving Simulator Scenarios: Detecting Differences in Driving Performance by Difficulty and Driver Gender and Age","display_name":"The Validity of Three New Driving Simulator Scenarios: Detecting Differences in Driving Performance by Difficulty and Driver Gender and Age","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3041734782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720820937520","mag":"3041734782","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32644820"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0018720820937520","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720820937520","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033067863","display_name":"Hillary Maxwell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0988-0206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hillary Maxwell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107841703","display_name":"Bruce Weaver","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce Weaver","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083294635","display_name":"Sylvain Gagnon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4944-7519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sylvain Gagnon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053331185","display_name":"Shawn Marshall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0893-6159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800722420","display_name":"Ottawa Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03c62dg59","country_code":"CA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800722420"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153718931","display_name":"University of Ottawa","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4mmv16","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shawn Marshall","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ottawa and Ottawa Hospital, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ottawa and Ottawa Hospital, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800722420","https://openalex.org/I153718931"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090045838","display_name":"Michel B\u00e9dard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7924-5657"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michel B\u00e9dard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033067863"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0516,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85377568,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"8","first_page":"1449","last_page":"1464"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12315","display_name":"Older Adults Driving Studies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-simulator","display_name":"Driving simulator","score":0.7356566190719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-driver-assistance-systems","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","score":0.5558680295944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5033203959465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant-validity","display_name":"Discriminant validity","score":0.4676971435546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.449729859828949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.43992123007774353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecological-validity","display_name":"Ecological validity","score":0.43312591314315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.42676037549972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.4131813943386078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poison-control","display_name":"Poison control","score":0.41297978162765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.41156625747680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-psychology","display_name":"Applied psychology","score":0.32764267921447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-psychology","display_name":"Developmental psychology","score":0.22752532362937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15572583675384521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychometrics","display_name":"Psychometrics","score":0.13425561785697937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.10217058658599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07735663652420044}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780689630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081815","display_name":"Driving simulator","level":2,"score":0.7356566190719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87833898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060280","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","level":2,"score":0.5558680295944214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5033203959465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120107772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168554","display_name":"Discriminant validity","level":4,"score":0.4676971435546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.449729859828949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.43992123007774353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190210774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15427384","display_name":"Ecological validity","level":3,"score":0.43312591314315796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.42676037549972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.4131813943386078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.41297978162765503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41156625747680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.32764267921447754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.22752532362937927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15572583675384521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.13425561785697937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10217058658599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07735663652420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018868096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2693233","display_name":"Internal consistency","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000054","descriptor_name":"Acceleration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000063","descriptor_name":"Accidents, Traffic","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001334","descriptor_name":"Automobile Driving","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0018720820937520","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720820937520","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32644820","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32644820","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human factors","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334506","display_name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01gavpb45"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W438895368","https://openalex.org/W592289902","https://openalex.org/W1943348282","https://openalex.org/W1946140698","https://openalex.org/W1973163105","https://openalex.org/W1980239608","https://openalex.org/W1982121300","https://openalex.org/W1983051760","https://openalex.org/W1983398190","https://openalex.org/W1985301962","https://openalex.org/W1988582424","https://openalex.org/W1993372475","https://openalex.org/W1997998434","https://openalex.org/W1999013095","https://openalex.org/W2002378363","https://openalex.org/W2002802905","https://openalex.org/W2005859254","https://openalex.org/W2006120852","https://openalex.org/W2007074888","https://openalex.org/W2014317377","https://openalex.org/W2017948702","https://openalex.org/W2039328538","https://openalex.org/W2044033713","https://openalex.org/W2053945215","https://openalex.org/W2059791333","https://openalex.org/W2060403177","https://openalex.org/W2060721118","https://openalex.org/W2066283536","https://openalex.org/W2069112885","https://openalex.org/W2071969188","https://openalex.org/W2081137908","https://openalex.org/W2085219741","https://openalex.org/W2087421582","https://openalex.org/W2089967095","https://openalex.org/W2093630599","https://openalex.org/W2097855379","https://openalex.org/W2104442608","https://openalex.org/W2104564491","https://openalex.org/W2105015587","https://openalex.org/W2115095886","https://openalex.org/W2117611116","https://openalex.org/W2124358594","https://openalex.org/W2131195651","https://openalex.org/W2134021083","https://openalex.org/W2139252154","https://openalex.org/W2139818156","https://openalex.org/W2141438777","https://openalex.org/W2148448859","https://openalex.org/W2152170921","https://openalex.org/W2154186770","https://openalex.org/W2154818511","https://openalex.org/W2154943110","https://openalex.org/W2159914570","https://openalex.org/W2163735192","https://openalex.org/W2294105861","https://openalex.org/W2547833579","https://openalex.org/W2604124818","https://openalex.org/W2797187677","https://openalex.org/W2898653913","https://openalex.org/W4230503109","https://openalex.org/W4256636933","https://openalex.org/W4302527229"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4402452563","https://openalex.org/W2250488071","https://openalex.org/W2953982092","https://openalex.org/W2356150353","https://openalex.org/W2018643641","https://openalex.org/W2336003151","https://openalex.org/W88404658","https://openalex.org/W2260992101","https://openalex.org/W2766882579","https://openalex.org/W132413515"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Simulators":[0],"have":[1],"the":[2,12,44],"potential":[3],"to":[4,17],"support":[5],"driver":[6],"assessment.":[7],"However,":[8],"this":[9],"depends":[10],"on":[11],"development":[13],"of":[14,39],"valid":[15],"scenarios":[16],"benchmark":[18],"safe":[19,27],"driving":[20,28],"behavior,":[21],"and":[22,41],"thereby":[23],"identify":[24],"deviations":[25],"from":[26],"behavior.":[29],"The":[30],"information":[31],"gained":[32],"through":[33],"simulation":[34],"may":[35],"supplement":[36],"other":[37],"forms":[38],"assessment":[40],"possibly":[42],"eliminate":[43],"need":[45],"for":[46],"on-road":[47],"testing":[48],"in":[49],"some":[50],"situations.":[51]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}