{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3011496531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720819900842","title":"Force Anticipation and Its Potential Implications on Feedforward and Feedback Human Motor Control","display_name":"Force Anticipation and Its Potential Implications on Feedforward and Feedback Human Motor Control","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3011496531","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720819900842","mag":"3011496531","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32154736"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0018720819900842","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720819900842","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065158154","display_name":"Hideyuki Kimpara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6441-6062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093665","display_name":"Toyota Motor North America (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0076knn86","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093665","https://openalex.org/I4210125472","https://openalex.org/I4210137853"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hideyuki Kimpara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toyota Motor North America R&D, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA","Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6441-6062","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toyota Motor North America R&D, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093665"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052704250","display_name":"Kenechukwu C. Mbanisi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5871-3730"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenechukwu C. Mbanisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5871-3730","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100382301","display_name":"Zhi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7627-947X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7627-947X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084812329","display_name":"Karen L. Troy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8135-0066"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen L. Troy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8135-0066","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061971606","display_name":"Danil Prokhorov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6208-4233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093665","display_name":"Toyota Motor North America (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0076knn86","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093665","https://openalex.org/I4210125472","https://openalex.org/I4210137853"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danil Prokhorov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toyota Motor North America R&D, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toyota Motor North America R&D, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093665"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083123819","display_name":"Michael A. Gennert","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107077323","display_name":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05ejpqr48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael A. Gennert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3170-2190","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083123819"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107077323"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4567,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59357171,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"4","first_page":"647","last_page":"662"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9175999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.9175999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.022299999371170998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.008999999612569809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-forward","display_name":"Feed forward","score":0.7977205514907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anticipation","display_name":"Anticipation (artificial intelligence)","score":0.7488356828689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-control","display_name":"Motor control","score":0.5337677001953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feedback-control","display_name":"Feedback control","score":0.5263736844062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.44703853130340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.44562849402427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poison-control","display_name":"Poison control","score":0.44059571623802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.40380263328552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.3999132513999939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3859390914440155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27115464210510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-engineering","display_name":"Control engineering","score":0.21065416932106018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.18691226840019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1426580548286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14051786065101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-emergency","display_name":"Medical emergency","score":0.09457409381866455}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38858127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441228","display_name":"Feed forward","level":2,"score":0.7977205514907837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176777502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4774623","display_name":"Anticipation (artificial intelligence)","level":2,"score":0.7488356828689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137813230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2996165","display_name":"Motor control","level":2,"score":0.5337677001953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018651601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183635","display_name":"Feedback control","level":2,"score":0.5263736844062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.44703853130340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.44562849402427673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.44059571623802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.40380263328552246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.3999132513999939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3859390914440155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27115464210510254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.21065416932106018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.18691226840019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1426580548286438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14051786065101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.09457409381866455}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005246","descriptor_name":"Feedback","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005246","descriptor_name":"Feedback","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005246","descriptor_name":"Feedback","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018482","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Skeletal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0018720819900842","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720819900842","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32154736","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32154736","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human factors","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5600000023841858,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322622","display_name":"Toyota Motor Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/02zqm6r10"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W602250485","https://openalex.org/W603221366","https://openalex.org/W1480514156","https://openalex.org/W1496144481","https://openalex.org/W1968272654","https://openalex.org/W1971227431","https://openalex.org/W1991512494","https://openalex.org/W1992415357","https://openalex.org/W1999734508","https://openalex.org/W2000171389","https://openalex.org/W2029779925","https://openalex.org/W2030886059","https://openalex.org/W2032139276","https://openalex.org/W2033226680","https://openalex.org/W2037729465","https://openalex.org/W2039602686","https://openalex.org/W2061684785","https://openalex.org/W2066358650","https://openalex.org/W2072016475","https://openalex.org/W2074936002","https://openalex.org/W2084145388","https://openalex.org/W2086472371","https://openalex.org/W2101558443","https://openalex.org/W2114414717","https://openalex.org/W2127454381","https://openalex.org/W2128131727","https://openalex.org/W2137620073","https://openalex.org/W2161905760","https://openalex.org/W2163088288","https://openalex.org/W2243248018","https://openalex.org/W2468724773","https://openalex.org/W2491889623","https://openalex.org/W2597289420","https://openalex.org/W2908457428","https://openalex.org/W2939814071","https://openalex.org/W3186582406","https://openalex.org/W4300870773"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2304651687","https://openalex.org/W3022397700","https://openalex.org/W2002264165","https://openalex.org/W2959845408","https://openalex.org/W2091695670","https://openalex.org/W2057462970","https://openalex.org/W1998627040","https://openalex.org/W2015528486","https://openalex.org/W2272125304","https://openalex.org/W4231139076"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1,98],"investigate":[2],"the":[3,32,37,65,87,91,107,117,129,168,181,186,189,197,201],"effects":[4],"of":[5,18,77,106,143,170,188,200,215],"human":[6,216],"force":[7,38,57,120,203],"anticipation,":[8,100],"we":[9,178],"conducted":[10],"an":[11],"experimental":[12],"load-pushing":[13],"task":[14],"with":[15,151,155,206],"diverse":[16],"combinations":[17],"informed":[19],"and":[20,56,119,163,173,219,231],"actual":[21,146],"loading":[22],"weights.":[23],"BACKGROUND:":[24],"Human":[25],"motor":[26],"control":[27,218],"tends":[28],"to":[29,35,39,95,223],"rely":[30],"upon":[31],"anticipated":[33,66],"workload":[34,88,108],"plan":[36],"exert,":[40],"particularly":[41],"in":[42,49,59,139,234],"fast":[43],"tasks":[44,61],"such":[45,60,225],"as":[46,122,124,226],"pushing":[47,202],"objects":[48],"less":[50],"than":[51,141],"1":[52],"s.":[53],"The":[54],"motion":[55,118,217],"responses":[58,165],"may":[62],"depend":[63],"on":[64,70,167],"resistive":[67],"forces,":[68],"based":[69,166],"a":[71,104],"learning":[72],"process.":[73],"METHOD:":[74],"Pushing":[75,153],"performances":[76,138],"135":[78],"trials":[79],"were":[80,102,148],"obtained":[81],"from":[82,93,128],"9":[83],"participants.":[84],"We":[85,115],"varied":[86],"by":[89],"changing":[90],"masses":[92],"0.2":[94],"5":[96],"kg.":[97],"influence":[99],"participants":[101],"shown":[103],"display":[105],"that":[109,180,196],"was":[110],"either":[111],"correct":[112],"or":[113],"incorrect.":[114],"collected":[116],"data,":[121],"well":[123],"electromyography":[125],"(EMG)":[126],"signals":[127],"actively":[130],"used":[131],"muscle":[132],"groups.":[133],"RESULTS:":[134],"Overanticipation":[135],"produced":[136],"overshoot":[137],"more":[140],"80%":[142],"trials.":[144],"Lighter":[145],"workloads":[147,157],"also":[149],"associated":[150],"overshoot.":[152],"behaviors":[154],"heavier":[156],"could":[158],"be":[159,221],"classified":[160],"into":[161],"feedforward-dominant":[162],"feedback-dominant":[164],"timing":[169],"force,":[171],"motion,":[172],"EMG":[174],"responses.":[175],"In":[176],"addition,":[177],"found":[179],"preceding":[182],"trial":[183],"condition":[184],"affected":[185],"performance":[187],"subsequent":[190],"trial.":[191],"CONCLUSION:":[192],"Our":[193],"results":[194],"show":[195],"first":[198],"peak":[199],"increases":[204],"consistently":[205],"anticipatory":[207],"workload.":[208],"APPLICATION:":[209],"This":[210],"study":[211],"improves":[212],"our":[213],"understanding":[214],"can":[220],"applied":[222],"situations":[224],"simulating":[227],"interactions":[228],"between":[229],"drivers":[230],"assistive":[232],"systems":[233],"intelligent":[235],"vehicles.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}