{"id":"https://openalex.org/W831763698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720818767683","title":"Integrating Visual Mnemonics and Input Feedback With Passphrases to Improve the Usability and Security of Digital Authentication","display_name":"Integrating Visual Mnemonics and Input Feedback With Passphrases to Improve the Usability and Security of Digital Authentication","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W831763698","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720818767683","mag":"831763698","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29718722"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0018720818767683","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720818767683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071890437","display_name":"Kevin A. Juang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8557-8092"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Juang","raw_affiliation_strings":["SunTrust Bank, Atlanta, Georgia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SunTrust Bank, Atlanta, Georgia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091904304","display_name":"Joel S. Greenstein","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel Greenstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clemson University, South Carolina","Clemson University, South Carolina,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clemson University, South Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clemson University, South Carolina,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071890437"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0563,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89880801,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"5","first_page":"658","last_page":"668"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14056","display_name":"Safety Warnings and Signage","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13155","display_name":"Digital Communication and Language","score":0.9842000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.7797015905380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7600287199020386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.7433745265007019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5843990445137024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5702577233314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usable","display_name":"USable","score":0.5111687779426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/login","display_name":"Login","score":0.48125073313713074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password-policy","display_name":"Password policy","score":0.45301559567451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-password","display_name":"Cognitive password","score":0.4247356355190277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.36525899171829224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.26069003343582153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.7797015905380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7600287199020386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.7433745265007019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5843990445137024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5702577233314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2471869","display_name":"USable","level":2,"score":0.5111687779426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113324615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472302","display_name":"Login","level":2,"score":0.48125073313713074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98705547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3394687","display_name":"Password policy","level":4,"score":0.45301559567451477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23875713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141232","display_name":"Cognitive password","level":5,"score":0.4247356355190277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.36525899171829224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.26069003343582153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89479133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137840","display_name":"One-time password","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011939","descriptor_name":"Mental Recall","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011939","descriptor_name":"Mental Recall","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011939","descriptor_name":"Mental Recall","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0018720818767683","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720818767683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83386566","display_name":"Human Factors The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","issn_l":"0018-7208","issn":["0018-7208","1547-8181"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:29718722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29718722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Human factors","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:tigerprints.clemson.edu:all_dissertations-2284","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/1283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196397","display_name":"TigerPrints (Clemson University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","host_organization_name":"Clemson University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"All Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open.clemson.edu:all_dissertations-2284","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://open.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/1283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196397","display_name":"TigerPrints (Clemson University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","host_organization_name":"Clemson University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"All Dissertations","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19399978","https://openalex.org/W41404523","https://openalex.org/W67045100","https://openalex.org/W591743112","https://openalex.org/W1485200701","https://openalex.org/W1540780277","https://openalex.org/W1965578501","https://openalex.org/W1967017760","https://openalex.org/W1974790334","https://openalex.org/W1979442841","https://openalex.org/W1984432218","https://openalex.org/W1985816353","https://openalex.org/W2000803416","https://openalex.org/W2004805246","https://openalex.org/W2012021560","https://openalex.org/W2014833947","https://openalex.org/W2022580268","https://openalex.org/W2037124948","https://openalex.org/W2043918458","https://openalex.org/W2045385178","https://openalex.org/W2047917391","https://openalex.org/W2051674079","https://openalex.org/W2054626033","https://openalex.org/W2055147133","https://openalex.org/W2059649050","https://openalex.org/W2066792529","https://openalex.org/W2072694646","https://openalex.org/W2073163559","https://openalex.org/W2078483465","https://openalex.org/W2082198354","https://openalex.org/W2100783932","https://openalex.org/W2103944192","https://openalex.org/W2104773223","https://openalex.org/W2107031757","https://openalex.org/W2108525321","https://openalex.org/W2113266120","https://openalex.org/W2115034095","https://openalex.org/W2121386924","https://openalex.org/W2127171880","https://openalex.org/W2130580784","https://openalex.org/W2145939590","https://openalex.org/W2148455146","https://openalex.org/W2157007820","https://openalex.org/W2157289187","https://openalex.org/W2161032904","https://openalex.org/W2171058675","https://openalex.org/W3192305068","https://openalex.org/W3215820729","https://openalex.org/W4214501820"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183044514","https://openalex.org/W2596869006","https://openalex.org/W2115218409","https://openalex.org/W2969720675","https://openalex.org/W2048203748","https://openalex.org/W165936246","https://openalex.org/W2090949570","https://openalex.org/W2936467198","https://openalex.org/W4385828295","https://openalex.org/W2146270836"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"computer":[1],"security,":[2],"drastic":[3],"changes":[4],"should":[5],"never":[6],"happen":[7],"overnight,":[8],"but":[9],"we":[10],"recommend":[11],"that":[12],"our":[13],"contributions":[14],"be":[15],"incorporated":[16],"into":[17],"current":[18],"authentication":[19],"systems":[20],"to":[21,28],"help":[22],"facilitate":[23],"a":[24],"transition":[25],"from":[26],"passwords":[27],"usable":[29],"passphrases.":[30]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
