{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2065616352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156855393x00159","title":"CO2 laser radar 3D vision sensor for a mobile robot","display_name":"CO2 laser radar 3D vision sensor for a mobile robot","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2065616352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156855393x00159","mag":"2065616352"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1163/156855393x00159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156855393x00159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192584203","display_name":"Advanced Robotics","issn_l":"0169-1864","issn":["0169-1864","1568-5535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021744129","display_name":"Osamu Yamada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9441-2951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283155146","display_name":"Panasonic (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/011tm7n37","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"O. Yamada","raw_affiliation_strings":["a    Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a    Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080362893","display_name":"Hidemi Takahashi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283155146","display_name":"Panasonic (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/011tm7n37","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"]}],"countries":["JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Takahashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["b    Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","University of California at San Diego"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"b    Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California at San Diego","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046468402","display_name":"Minoru Kimura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1500-7711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283155146","display_name":"Panasonic (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/011tm7n37","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Kimura","raw_affiliation_strings":["c    Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"c    Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074726995","display_name":"Hiroshi Naitoh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65143321","display_name":"Hitachi (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02exqgm79","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283155146","display_name":"Panasonic (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/011tm7n37","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Naitoh","raw_affiliation_strings":["d    Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"d    Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010681783","display_name":"Reiji Sano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283155146","display_name":"Panasonic (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/011tm7n37","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65143321","display_name":"Hitachi (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02exqgm79","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Sano","raw_affiliation_strings":["e    Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"e    Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Matsushita Research Institute Tokyo, Inc., 3-10-1 Higashimita, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021744129"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283155146"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"251","last_page":"260"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13114","display_name":"Image Processing Techniques and Applications","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.983299970626831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mist","display_name":"Mist","score":0.6754454374313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.5997710824012756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.5236808061599731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-modulation","display_name":"Frequency modulation","score":0.5035588145256042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.4934615194797516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.46267861127853394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-robot","display_name":"Mobile robot","score":0.46138694882392883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44138163328170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.43363386392593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoke","display_name":"Smoke","score":0.4329233765602112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.43253451585769653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.4198061227798462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.41613149642944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3705294132232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3569736182689667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2305135428905487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1572086215019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.13429975509643555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10206270217895508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6831451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192196","display_name":"Mist","level":2,"score":0.6754454374313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.5997710824012756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5236808061599731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.5035588145256042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4934615194797516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.46267861127853394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19966478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4810574","display_name":"Mobile robot","level":3,"score":0.46138694882392883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44138163328170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.43363386392593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58874564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130768","display_name":"Smoke","level":2,"score":0.4329233765602112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.43253451585769653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.4198061227798462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.41613149642944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3705294132232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3569736182689667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2305135428905487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1572086215019226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.13429975509643555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10206270217895508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1163/156855393x00159","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1163/156855393x00159","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192584203","display_name":"Advanced Robotics","issn_l":"0169-1864","issn":["0169-1864","1568-5535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Robotics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:japanlinkcenter.org:0000521453","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7210/jrsj.8.4_385","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W164624173","https://openalex.org/W1969109603","https://openalex.org/W1991452444","https://openalex.org/W2078984869","https://openalex.org/W2130755868","https://openalex.org/W2140900511"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2123436641","https://openalex.org/W2965672371","https://openalex.org/W2118648141","https://openalex.org/W1995274592","https://openalex.org/W1941772210","https://openalex.org/W2058063222","https://openalex.org/W2151698195","https://openalex.org/W4236636304","https://openalex.org/W2000747543","https://openalex.org/W4238767900"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,70],"laser":[1,63],"radar":[2],"proposed":[3],"in":[4,88],"this":[5],"paper":[6],"has":[7],"good":[8,21],"performance":[9],"as":[10,56,66],"a":[11,61,111,118],"vision":[12],"sensor":[13],"for":[14,117],"disaster":[15,32,53],"prevention":[16],"robots.":[17],"Due":[18],"to":[19,41,47],"the":[20,24,27,67,76,79,83,91,95,98,128],"transparency":[22],"of":[23,34,72,78,100,114,121],"CO2":[25,62],"laser,":[26],"range":[28,73,101,112,129],"information":[29,51],"through":[30,52],"simulated":[31],"conditions":[33],"smoke,":[35,57],"flames,":[36,58],"and":[37,59,90],"mist":[38],"is":[39,64,75,131],"shown":[40],"have":[42],"little":[43],"degradation.":[44],"In":[45,97],"order":[46],"obtain":[48],"three-dimensional":[49],"(3D)":[50],"conditions,":[54],"such":[55],"mist,":[60],"used":[65],"light":[68,85,92],"source.":[69],"method":[71],"measurement":[74,102],"detection":[77],"phase":[80],"shift":[81],"between":[82],"irradiated":[84],"continuously":[86],"modulated":[87],"intensity":[89],"reflected":[93],"from":[94],"target.":[96],"experiments":[99],"by":[103],"modulation":[104,119],"at":[105],"several":[106],"different":[107],"frequencies,":[108],"we":[109,125],"achieved":[110],"resolution":[113],"3":[115],"cm":[116],"frequency":[120],"40":[122],"MHz.":[123],"Furthermore,":[124],"confirmed":[126],"that":[127],"accuracy":[130],"within":[132],"\u00b125cm.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}