{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406237009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00730","title":"Salute the Classic: Revisiting Challenges of Machine Translation in the Age of Large Language Models","display_name":"Salute the Classic: Revisiting Challenges of Machine Translation in the Age of Large Language Models","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406237009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00730"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00730","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093784845","display_name":"Jianhui Pang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhui Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Macau, Macao, China. nlp2ct.pangjh3@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Macau, Macao, China. nlp2ct.pangjh3@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078520300","display_name":"Fanghua Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1063-6534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fanghua Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London, United Kingdom. fanghua.ye.19@ucl.ac.uk"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London, United Kingdom. fanghua.ye.19@ucl.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101468579","display_name":"Derek F. Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5307-7322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derek Fai Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Macau, Macao, China. derekfw@um.edu.mo"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Macau, Macao, China. derekfw@um.edu.mo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113226487","display_name":"Dian Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dian Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent AI Lab, China. yudian@tencent.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent AI Lab, China. yudian@tencent.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087920747","display_name":"Shuming Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7018-0682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuming Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent AI Lab, China. shumingshi@tencent.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent AI Lab, China. shumingshi@tencent.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110579339","display_name":"Zhaopeng Tu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7900-6055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaopeng Tu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent AI Lab, China. zptu@tencent.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent AI Lab, China. zptu@tencent.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088191810","display_name":"Longyue Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9062-6183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250653659","display_name":"Tencent (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhjss72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longyue Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tencent AI Lab, China. vinnylywang@tencent.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tencent AI Lab, China. vinnylywang@tencent.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250653659"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":27.9199,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9954086,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"73","last_page":"95"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.984499990940094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7933290004730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.6663926839828491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.5959684252738953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4748395085334778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4726126492023468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.33720824122428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.08140736818313599}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7933290004730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.6663926839828491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.5959684252738953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4748395085334778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4726126492023468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.33720824122428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.08140736818313599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00730","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1654441844","https://openalex.org/W2034978228","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2118434577","https://openalex.org/W2524643686","https://openalex.org/W2525778437","https://openalex.org/W2587741066","https://openalex.org/W2952682849","https://openalex.org/W2962784628","https://openalex.org/W2962801832","https://openalex.org/W2963506925","https://openalex.org/W2963532001","https://openalex.org/W2964093087","https://openalex.org/W2970045405","https://openalex.org/W2989156240","https://openalex.org/W2997936605","https://openalex.org/W3001434439","https://openalex.org/W3034640977","https://openalex.org/W3035463087","https://openalex.org/W3037469336","https://openalex.org/W3102516861","https://openalex.org/W3104652292","https://openalex.org/W3104881680","https://openalex.org/W3105214104","https://openalex.org/W3154790171","https://openalex.org/W3168169499","https://openalex.org/W3211848854","https://openalex.org/W4226278401","https://openalex.org/W4240617655","https://openalex.org/W4313484599","https://openalex.org/W4317547647","https://openalex.org/W4320917136","https://openalex.org/W4322718191","https://openalex.org/W4362655849","https://openalex.org/W4365799947","https://openalex.org/W4367860087","https://openalex.org/W4379260375","https://openalex.org/W4379548477","https://openalex.org/W4380714727","https://openalex.org/W4384434135","https://openalex.org/W4384918448","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385565080","https://openalex.org/W4385714663","https://openalex.org/W4386185099","https://openalex.org/W4386395487","https://openalex.org/W4386501849","https://openalex.org/W4386977391","https://openalex.org/W4388691873","https://openalex.org/W4389518906","https://openalex.org/W4389519254","https://openalex.org/W4389520065","https://openalex.org/W4389520373","https://openalex.org/W4389523718","https://openalex.org/W4389524058","https://openalex.org/W4389524077","https://openalex.org/W4392271855","https://openalex.org/W4393727555","https://openalex.org/W4394662652","https://openalex.org/W4401042993","https://openalex.org/W4402671659","https://openalex.org/W4402683955","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6752194381","https://openalex.org/W6761551260","https://openalex.org/W6774062504","https://openalex.org/W6797074507","https://openalex.org/W6810738896","https://openalex.org/W6848451824","https://openalex.org/W6849563483","https://openalex.org/W6850625674","https://openalex.org/W6851499912","https://openalex.org/W6852636140","https://openalex.org/W6852927819","https://openalex.org/W6853804809","https://openalex.org/W6854866820","https://openalex.org/W6855896740","https://openalex.org/W6855917509","https://openalex.org/W6856223801","https://openalex.org/W6856239413","https://openalex.org/W6864190362","https://openalex.org/W6997005957","https://openalex.org/W7051469422"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2775554247","https://openalex.org/W2883671469","https://openalex.org/W2728761353","https://openalex.org/W2110168585","https://openalex.org/W3107474891","https://openalex.org/W2250213760","https://openalex.org/W4386247111","https://openalex.org/W4327642362","https://openalex.org/W2587014613","https://openalex.org/W3204019825"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"evolution":[2],"of":[3,44,53,60,93,144],"Neural":[4],"Machine":[5],"Translation":[6],"(NMT)":[7],"has":[8],"been":[9],"significantly":[10,90],"influenced":[11],"by":[12],"six":[13],"core":[14],"challenges":[15,110,121,137],"(Koehn":[16],"and":[17,68,89,114,125,149],"Knowles,":[18],"2017)":[19],"that":[20,76],"have":[21],"acted":[22],"as":[23,65],"benchmarks":[24],"for":[25,84],"progress":[26],"in":[27,41,111,138],"this":[28],"field.":[29],"This":[30],"study":[31],"revisits":[32],"these":[33,108],"challenges,":[34],"offering":[35],"insights":[36],"into":[37],"their":[38],"ongoing":[39],"relevance":[40],"the":[42],"context":[43],"advanced":[45],"Large":[46],"Language":[47],"Models":[48],"(LLMs):":[49],"domain":[50,112],"mismatch,":[51],"amount":[52],"parallel":[54,82],"data,":[55],"rare":[56,115],"word":[57,66,116,123],"prediction,":[58],"translation":[59,92,143],"long":[61,94],"sentences,":[62],"attention":[63],"model":[64],"alignment,":[67],"sub-optimal":[69],"beam":[70,126],"search.":[71],"Our":[72],"empirical":[73],"findings":[74],"show":[75],"LLMs":[77],"effectively":[78],"reduce":[79],"reliance":[80],"on":[81],"data":[83],"major":[85],"languages":[86,146],"during":[87,147],"pretraining":[88],"improve":[91],"sentences":[95],"containing":[96],"approximately":[97],"80":[98],"words,":[99],"even":[100],"translating":[101],"documents":[102],"up":[103],"to":[104,131],"512":[105],"words.":[106],"Despite":[107],"improvements,":[109],"mismatch":[113],"prediction":[117],"persist.":[118],"While":[119],"NMT-specific":[120],"like":[122],"alignment":[124],"search":[127],"may":[128],"not":[129],"apply":[130],"LLMs,":[132],"we":[133],"identify":[134],"three":[135],"new":[136],"LLM-based":[139],"translation:":[140],"inference":[141],"efficiency,":[142],"low-resource":[145],"pretraining,":[148],"human-aligned":[150],"evaluation.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}