{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3196696529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00438","title":"Planning with Learned Entity Prompts for Abstractive Summarization","display_name":"Planning with Learned Entity Prompts for Abstractive Summarization","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3196696529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00438","mag":"3196696529"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00438","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00438","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00438/1979348/tacl_a_00438.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00438/1979348/tacl_a_00438.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081801388","display_name":"Shashi Narayan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shashi Narayan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research. shashinarayan@google.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research. shashinarayan@google.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100362745","display_name":"Yao Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8581-9554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yao Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Brain. yaozhaoyz@google.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Brain. yaozhaoyz@google.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021334672","display_name":"Joshua Maynez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4948-2875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joshua Maynez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research. joshuahm@google.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research. joshuahm@google.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036083132","display_name":"Gon\u00e7alo Sim\u00f5es","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3121-8466"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gon\u00e7alo Sim\u00f5es","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research. gsimoes@google.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research. gsimoes@google.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047882489","display_name":"Vitaly Nikolaev","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vitaly Nikolaev","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google Research. vitalyn@google.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google Research. vitalyn@google.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022489655","display_name":"Ryan McDonald","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ryan McDonald","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASAPP. ryanmcd@asapp.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASAPP. ryanmcd@asapp.com","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021334672","https://openalex.org/A5022489655","https://openalex.org/A5036083132","https://openalex.org/A5047882489","https://openalex.org/A5081801388","https://openalex.org/A5100362745"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.749,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":101,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98417404,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"1475","last_page":"1492"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8776923418045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-summarization","display_name":"Automatic summarization","score":0.8483872413635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.7022826671600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hallucinating","display_name":"Hallucinating","score":0.6467201709747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5767629146575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5402393937110901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plan","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","score":0.4253159463405609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.4195413589477539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.36375173926353455}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8776923418045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170858558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394144","display_name":"Automatic summarization","level":2,"score":0.8483872413635254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.7022826671600342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911011789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130741","display_name":"Hallucinating","level":2,"score":0.6467201709747314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5767629146575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5402393937110901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776505523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785468","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4253159463405609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4195413589477539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.36375173926353455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00438","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00438","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00438/1979348/tacl_a_00438.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6b04d20f306a41088885f7c5939a9f80","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6b04d20f306a41088885f7c5939a9f80","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Vol 9, Pp 1475-1492 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00438","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00438","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00438/1979348/tacl_a_00438.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3196696529.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3196696529.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":89,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1525595230","https://openalex.org/W1537201249","https://openalex.org/W1544827683","https://openalex.org/W1573514622","https://openalex.org/W1583837637","https://openalex.org/W1603598191","https://openalex.org/W1974339500","https://openalex.org/W1978117656","https://openalex.org/W1985610876","https://openalex.org/W2015933299","https://openalex.org/W2045738181","https://openalex.org/W2051618067","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2130942839","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2144578941","https://openalex.org/W2150824314","https://openalex.org/W2559655401","https://openalex.org/W2561658355","https://openalex.org/W2606974598","https://openalex.org/W2612690371","https://openalex.org/W2888482885","https://openalex.org/W2889009749","https://openalex.org/W2900065283","https://openalex.org/W2944815030","https://openalex.org/W2945260553","https://openalex.org/W2945886944","https://openalex.org/W2951211142","https://openalex.org/W2952523122","https://openalex.org/W2962805889","https://openalex.org/W2962884827","https://openalex.org/W2962895717","https://openalex.org/W2962911098","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2963592583","https://openalex.org/W2963846996","https://openalex.org/W2963993699","https://openalex.org/W2964308564","https://openalex.org/W2971274815","https://openalex.org/W2981456979","https://openalex.org/W2981852735","https://openalex.org/W2982399380","https://openalex.org/W2989743967","https://openalex.org/W2990138404","https://openalex.org/W3007672467","https://openalex.org/W3019906500","https://openalex.org/W3022685184","https://openalex.org/W3034383590","https://openalex.org/W3034715004","https://openalex.org/W3034999214","https://openalex.org/W3036120435","https://openalex.org/W3094090968","https://openalex.org/W3094244719","https://openalex.org/W3098295156","https://openalex.org/W3099766584","https://openalex.org/W3100439847","https://openalex.org/W3100560913","https://openalex.org/W3101600240","https://openalex.org/W3106234277","https://openalex.org/W3111372071","https://openalex.org/W3170083118","https://openalex.org/W3174073137","https://openalex.org/W4245472812","https://openalex.org/W4287812620","https://openalex.org/W4288089799","https://openalex.org/W4385970303","https://openalex.org/W6631501603","https://openalex.org/W6632226966","https://openalex.org/W6632455782","https://openalex.org/W6634065907","https://openalex.org/W6662008743","https://openalex.org/W6679434410","https://openalex.org/W6679436768","https://openalex.org/W6682150760","https://openalex.org/W6738812136","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6749986899","https://openalex.org/W6751104502","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6762521896","https://openalex.org/W6762829915","https://openalex.org/W6769627184","https://openalex.org/W6771915120","https://openalex.org/W6774222543","https://openalex.org/W6776525615","https://openalex.org/W6784754313","https://openalex.org/W6787315605","https://openalex.org/W6891932496"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3204676188","https://openalex.org/W2992803471","https://openalex.org/W2066036438","https://openalex.org/W2078454190","https://openalex.org/W2963350370","https://openalex.org/W2366403280","https://openalex.org/W2930227984","https://openalex.org/W2108123836","https://openalex.org/W4317547544","https://openalex.org/W4313395829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"We":[1,62],"introduce":[2],"a":[3,125,138],"simple":[4],"but":[5],"flexible":[6],"mechanism":[7,126],"to":[8,13,43,127],"learn":[9],"an":[10],"intermediate":[11],"plan":[12,141],"ground":[14],"the":[15,35,45,52,56,60,86,90,135],"generation":[16,88],"of":[17,31,113],"abstractive":[18,131],"summaries.":[19,132],"Specifically,":[20],"we":[21,82,116,146],"prepend":[22],"(or":[23],"prompt)":[24],"target":[25],"summaries":[26,99],"with":[27,64,69,89,121,137],"entity":[28,46,57,94,122],"chains\u2014ordered":[29],"sequences":[30],"entities":[32],"mentioned":[33],"in":[34,98,111,130],"summary.":[36],"Transformer-based":[37],"sequence-to-sequence":[38],"models":[39],"are":[40],"then":[41,49],"trained":[42],"generate":[44],"chain":[47,58],"and":[48,59,67,80,96,103,109,155],"continue":[50],"generating":[51],"summary":[53],"conditioned":[54],"on":[55,76,107],"input.":[61],"experimented":[63],"both":[65],"pretraining":[66],"finetuning":[68],"this":[70],"content":[71,140],"planning":[72,91,97,120],"objective.":[73],"When":[74],"evaluated":[75,153],"CNN/DailyMail,":[77],"XSum,":[78],"SAMSum,":[79],"BillSum,":[81],"demonstrate":[83,117],"empirically":[84,118],"that":[85,119,142],"grounded":[87],"objective":[92],"improves":[93],"specificity":[95],"for":[100,150],"all":[101],"datasets,":[102],"achieves":[104],"state-of-the-art":[105,148],"performance":[106],"XSum":[108],"SAMSum":[110],"terms":[112],"rouge.":[114],"Moreover,":[115],"chains":[123],"provides":[124],"control":[128],"hallucinations":[129],"By":[133],"prompting":[134],"decoder":[136],"modified":[139],"drops":[143],"hallucinated":[144],"entities,":[145],"outperform":[147],"approaches":[149],"faithfulness":[151],"when":[152],"automatically":[154],"by":[156],"humans.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
