{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2962753370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00300","title":"SpanBERT: Improving Pre-training by Representing and Predicting Spans","display_name":"SpanBERT: Improving Pre-training by Representing and Predicting Spans","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2962753370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00300","mag":"2962753370"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00300","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00300","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00300/1923170/tacl_a_00300.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00300/1923170/tacl_a_00300.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108202364","display_name":"Mandar Joshi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mandar Joshi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","The University of Washington, Seattle#R##N#Google"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Washington, Seattle#R##N#Google","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051064208","display_name":"Danqi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6226-6838"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2252078561","display_name":"Meta (Israel)","ror":"https://ror.org/02388em19","country_code":"IL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561","https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["IL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danqi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","Facebook AI Research, Seattle","Princeton University#R##N#Facebook AI Research"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook AI Research, Seattle","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University#R##N#Facebook AI Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843","https://openalex.org/I2252078561"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019081674","display_name":"Yinhan Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2252078561","display_name":"Meta (Israel)","ror":"https://ror.org/02388em19","country_code":"IL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561","https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinhan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook AI Research, Seattle","Facebook AI Research#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook AI Research, Seattle","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook AI Research#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085011940","display_name":"Daniel S. Weld","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3255-0109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156221","display_name":"Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/05w520734","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156221"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel S. Weld","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allen Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Seattle","Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","The University of Washington, Seattle#R##N#Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence (AI2)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allen Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Seattle","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156221"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Washington, Seattle#R##N#Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence (AI2)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210156221"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067919401","display_name":"Luke Zettlemoyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8296-0764"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2252078561","display_name":"Meta (Israel)","ror":"https://ror.org/02388em19","country_code":"IL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561","https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114444","display_name":"Meta (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01zbnvs85","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["IL","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luke Zettlemoyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","Facebook AI Research, Seattle","The University of Washington, Seattle#R##N#Facebook AI Research"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allen School of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook AI Research, Seattle","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Washington, Seattle#R##N#Facebook AI Research","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701","https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024311574","display_name":"Omer Levy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-8191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2252078561","display_name":"Meta (Israel)","ror":"https://ror.org/02388em19","country_code":"IL","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561","https://openalex.org/I4210114444"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Omer Levy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Facebook AI Research, Seattle","Facebook AI Research#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook AI Research, Seattle","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Facebook AI Research#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2252078561"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.5642,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":179,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99457949,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"64","last_page":"77"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.986299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coreference","display_name":"Coreference","score":0.896248459815979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7931971549987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.740953803062439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6814216375350952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/span","display_name":"Span (engineering)","score":0.6509076952934265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6037203669548035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5752108097076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.5163261294364929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.4958737790584564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/masking","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","score":0.49500006437301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.4769514799118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4074503779411316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4000304341316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.20683583617210388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28076734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63087","display_name":"Coreference","level":3,"score":0.896248459815979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7931971549987793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.740953803062439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6814216375350952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778753569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1960395","display_name":"Span (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6509076952934265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6037203669548035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5752108097076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5163261294364929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.4958737790584564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6783436","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","level":2,"score":0.49500006437301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.4769514799118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4074503779411316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4000304341316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.20683583617210388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00300","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00300","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00300/1923170/tacl_a_00300.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1907.10529","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.10529","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.10529","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2962753370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.10529","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:67c2eae95db14b9aa996d4d1f98d8230","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/67c2eae95db14b9aa996d4d1f98d8230","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Vol 8, Pp 64-77 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1907.10529","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1907.10529","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"mag:3120476983","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1907.10529.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00300","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00300","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00300/1923170/tacl_a_00300.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310094","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W131533222","https://openalex.org/W1486649854","https://openalex.org/W1599016936","https://openalex.org/W2130158090","https://openalex.org/W2155069789","https://openalex.org/W2251939518","https://openalex.org/W2396767181","https://openalex.org/W2462831000","https://openalex.org/W2507974895","https://openalex.org/W2525127255","https://openalex.org/W2531327146","https://openalex.org/W2556691798","https://openalex.org/W2557764419","https://openalex.org/W2609826708","https://openalex.org/W2759211898","https://openalex.org/W2784121710","https://openalex.org/W2786464815","https://openalex.org/W2806120502","https://openalex.org/W2889787757","https://openalex.org/W2908510526","https://openalex.org/W2912924812","https://openalex.org/W2914120296","https://openalex.org/W2914526845","https://openalex.org/W2933138175","https://openalex.org/W2938830017","https://openalex.org/W2944815030","https://openalex.org/W2948629866","https://openalex.org/W2953356739","https://openalex.org/W2962739339","https://openalex.org/W2963026768","https://openalex.org/W2963087868","https://openalex.org/W2963246595","https://openalex.org/W2963310665","https://openalex.org/W2963323070","https://openalex.org/W2963339397","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963347649","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2963748441","https://openalex.org/W2963846996","https://openalex.org/W2963946353","https://openalex.org/W2964022985","https://openalex.org/W2964110616","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2964222246","https://openalex.org/W2965373594","https://openalex.org/W2970550868","https://openalex.org/W2970597249","https://openalex.org/W2971274815","https://openalex.org/W2980282514","https://openalex.org/W3104033643"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2965373594","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2970597249","https://openalex.org/W2963310665","https://openalex.org/W2963748441","https://openalex.org/W2962739339","https://openalex.org/W2963323070","https://openalex.org/W2981852735","https://openalex.org/W2251939518","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2996428491","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2938830017","https://openalex.org/W2963846996","https://openalex.org/W131533222","https://openalex.org/W3104033643","https://openalex.org/W2971274815","https://openalex.org/W1566289585","https://openalex.org/W2962784628"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,106],"present":[1],"SpanBERT,":[2],"a":[3,109],"pre-training":[4],"method":[5],"that":[6],"is":[7],"designed":[8],"to":[9,38],"better":[10],"represent":[11],"and":[12,31,60,75,85,97,103,131],"predict":[13,39],"spans":[14],"of":[15,43,112],"text.":[16],"Our":[17],"approach":[18],"extends":[19],"BERT":[20,59,89],"by":[21],"(1)":[22],"masking":[23],"contiguous":[24],"random":[25,29],"spans,":[26],"rather":[27],"than":[28],"tokens,":[30],"(2)":[32],"training":[33,83],"the":[34,40,44,50,81,113,116,126],"span":[35,68],"boundary":[36],"representations":[37,53],"entire":[41],"content":[42],"masked":[45],"span,":[46],"without":[47],"relying":[48],"on":[49,67,100,115,125,134],"individual":[51],"token":[52],"within":[54],"it.":[55],"SpanBERT":[56],"consistently":[57],"outperforms":[58],"our":[61,92],"better-tuned":[62],"baselines,":[63],"with":[64,80],"substantial":[65],"gains":[66,133],"selection":[69],"tasks":[70],"such":[71],"as":[72,88],"question":[73],"answering":[74],"coreference":[76,118],"resolution.":[77],"In":[78],"particular,":[79],"same":[82],"data":[84],"model":[86,94],"size":[87],"large":[90],",":[91],"single":[93],"obtains":[95],"94.6%":[96],"88.7%":[98],"F1":[99],"SQuAD":[101],"1.1":[102],"2.0":[104],"respectively.":[105],"also":[107],"achieve":[108],"new":[110],"state":[111],"art":[114],"OntoNotes":[117],"resolution":[119],"task":[120],"(79.6%":[121],"F1),":[122],"strong":[123],"performance":[124],"TACRED":[127],"relation":[128],"extraction":[129],"benchmark,":[130],"even":[132],"GLUE.":[135],"1":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":63},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":22}],"updated_date":"2026-08-05T07:39:15.569665","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}