{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2965628884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00278","title":"Multiattentive Recurrent Neural Network Architecture for Multilingual Readability Assessment","display_name":"Multiattentive Recurrent Neural Network Architecture for Multilingual Readability Assessment","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2965628884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00278","mag":"2965628884"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00278","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00278","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00278/1923152/tacl_a_00278.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00278/1923152/tacl_a_00278.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012483745","display_name":"Ion Madrazo Azpiazu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120156002","display_name":"Boise State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e3zdp86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ion Madrazo Azpiazu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Boise State University","Department of Computer Science, Boise State University, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Boise State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Boise State University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064985976","display_name":"Maria Soledad Pera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2008-9204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120156002","display_name":"Boise State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e3zdp86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maria Soledad Pera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Boise State University","Department of Computer Science, Boise State University, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Boise State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Boise State University, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012483745","https://openalex.org/A5064985976"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120156002"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2474,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93688489,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"421","last_page":"436"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9585999846458435,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/readability","display_name":"Readability","score":0.9131272435188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8816991448402405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6575985550880432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6521944403648376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6013432145118713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.5981902480125427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5604549646377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5458465218544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.4724186956882477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.4702374339103699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.46514996886253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4460561275482178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.15178221464157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.09181725978851318}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778143727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820650","display_name":"Readability","level":2,"score":0.9131272435188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8816991448402405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6575985550880432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6521944403648376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6013432145118713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.5981902480125427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5604549646377563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5458465218544006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4724186956882477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.4702374339103699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.46514996886253357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4460561275482178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.15178221464157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.09181725978851318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00278","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00278","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00278/1923152/tacl_a_00278.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:803e47671c3f464b957780f9db186edf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/803e47671c3f464b957780f9db186edf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Vol 7, Pp 421-436 (2019)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00278","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00278","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00278/1923152/tacl_a_00278.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W127573234","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1544827683","https://openalex.org/W1655573795","https://openalex.org/W1772303380","https://openalex.org/W1921523184","https://openalex.org/W1966960846","https://openalex.org/W1967390364","https://openalex.org/W1974388374","https://openalex.org/W1996773027","https://openalex.org/W2005624335","https://openalex.org/W2006751573","https://openalex.org/W2023793892","https://openalex.org/W2063202923","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2080515068","https://openalex.org/W2094852898","https://openalex.org/W2094900966","https://openalex.org/W2109115148","https://openalex.org/W2112265903","https://openalex.org/W2113790578","https://openalex.org/W2125148312","https://openalex.org/W2128999001","https://openalex.org/W2133944470","https://openalex.org/W2141236834","https://openalex.org/W2150783756","https://openalex.org/W2153081451","https://openalex.org/W2162868374","https://openalex.org/W2250879510","https://openalex.org/W2250958747","https://openalex.org/W2251628151","https://openalex.org/W2340721711","https://openalex.org/W2470673105","https://openalex.org/W2471407348","https://openalex.org/W2471684646","https://openalex.org/W2493916176","https://openalex.org/W2514588627","https://openalex.org/W2524789673","https://openalex.org/W2595551253","https://openalex.org/W2595724883","https://openalex.org/W2765247455","https://openalex.org/W2774343269","https://openalex.org/W2781569672","https://openalex.org/W2889765309","https://openalex.org/W2895715183","https://openalex.org/W2913539360","https://openalex.org/W2917458986","https://openalex.org/W2950178297","https://openalex.org/W2963572611","https://openalex.org/W2964308564","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964661231","https://openalex.org/W4254960163","https://openalex.org/W3110264473","https://openalex.org/W2032810564","https://openalex.org/W2370831213","https://openalex.org/W2972807713","https://openalex.org/W4285478380","https://openalex.org/W4315704968","https://openalex.org/W2100255360","https://openalex.org/W2107506952"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,72],"present":[1],"a":[2,51,65],"multiattentive":[3,52],"recurrent":[4],"neural":[5,57,97],"network":[6,58,98],"architecture":[7,14],"for":[8,67],"automatic":[9],"multilingual":[10],"readability":[11],"assessment.":[12],"This":[13,47],"considers":[15],"raw":[16],"words":[17],"as":[18],"its":[19,29,69],"main":[20],"input,":[21],"but":[22],"internally":[23],"captures":[24],"text":[25,66],"structure":[26],"and":[27,36,83,95],"informs":[28],"word":[30],"attention":[31],"process":[32],"using":[33,77],"other":[34,96],"syntax-":[35],"morphology-related":[37],"datapoints,":[38],"known":[39],"to":[40,45,59,87],"be":[41],"of":[42,64],"great":[43],"importance":[44],"readability.":[46],"is":[48],"achieved":[49],"by":[50],"strategy":[53],"that":[54],"allows":[55],"the":[56,89],"focus":[60],"on":[61],"specific":[62],"parts":[63],"predicting":[68],"reading":[70],"level.":[71],"conducted":[73],"an":[74],"exhaustive":[75],"evaluation":[76],"data":[78],"sets":[79],"targeting":[80],"multiple":[81],"languages":[82],"prediction":[84],"task":[85],"types,":[86],"compare":[88],"proposed":[90],"model":[91],"with":[92],"traditional,":[93],"state-of-the-art,":[94],"strategies.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}