{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2888296173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00266","title":"CoQA: A Conversational Question Answering Challenge","display_name":"CoQA: A Conversational Question Answering Challenge","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2888296173","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00266","mag":"2888296173"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00266","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00266/1923252/tacl_a_00266.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00266/1923252/tacl_a_00266.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102886212","display_name":"Siva Reddy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Siva Reddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Stanford University","Stanford University ()"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University ()","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051064208","display_name":"Danqi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6226-6838"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danqi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Stanford University","Stanford University ()"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University ()","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046006076","display_name":"Christopher D. Manning","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6155-649X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher D. Manning","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Stanford University","Stanford University ()"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University ()","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102886212"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.21409542,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":97,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98491286,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"249","last_page":"266"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coreference","display_name":"Coreference","score":0.8594790101051331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8113136291503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.7508379220962524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comprehension","display_name":"Comprehension","score":0.6490124464035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-comprehension","display_name":"Reading comprehension","score":0.6020599603652954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5751045346260071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.5237576961517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.497740775346756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversation","display_name":"Conversation","score":0.453274130821228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3751239776611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.2934895157814026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.21835052967071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08413845300674438}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28076734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63087","display_name":"Coreference","level":3,"score":0.8594790101051331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8113136291503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.7508379220962524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.6490124464035034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778780117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269423","display_name":"Reading comprehension","level":3,"score":0.6020599603652954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5751045346260071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5237576961517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.497740775346756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.453274130821228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3751239776611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.2934895157814026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.21835052967071533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08413845300674438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00266","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00266/1923252/tacl_a_00266.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1808.07042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1808.07042","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.07042","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2888296173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://export.arxiv.org/pdf/1808.07042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d56a691b0e77463d8a1065056086cf9b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d56a691b0e77463d8a1065056086cf9b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Vol 7, Pp 249-266 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1808.07042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1808.07042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/tacl_a_00266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00266","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00266/1923252/tacl_a_00266.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2729999759","display_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"2307-387X","issn":["2307-387X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2888296173.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2888296173.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W580074167","https://openalex.org/W1494545093","https://openalex.org/W1544827683","https://openalex.org/W1591706642","https://openalex.org/W1933349210","https://openalex.org/W2123442489","https://openalex.org/W2125436846","https://openalex.org/W2161951443","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2252136820","https://openalex.org/W2328886022","https://openalex.org/W2493916176","https://openalex.org/W2550893117","https://openalex.org/W2551396370","https://openalex.org/W2557764419","https://openalex.org/W2606974598","https://openalex.org/W2609826708","https://openalex.org/W2612228435","https://openalex.org/W2615146352","https://openalex.org/W2626154462","https://openalex.org/W2768661419","https://openalex.org/W2786472750","https://openalex.org/W2798365136","https://openalex.org/W2804897457","https://openalex.org/W2806055002","https://openalex.org/W2888302696","https://openalex.org/W2889789465","https://openalex.org/W2891304738","https://openalex.org/W2896342318","https://openalex.org/W2896780650","https://openalex.org/W2950446064","https://openalex.org/W2950761309","https://openalex.org/W2951534261","https://openalex.org/W2952633038","https://openalex.org/W2962718483","https://openalex.org/W2962790689","https://openalex.org/W2962809918","https://openalex.org/W2962974452","https://openalex.org/W2962985038","https://openalex.org/W2963096510","https://openalex.org/W2963123047","https://openalex.org/W2963212250","https://openalex.org/W2963323070","https://openalex.org/W2963339397","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963748441","https://openalex.org/W2963825865","https://openalex.org/W2963866616","https://openalex.org/W2963899988","https://openalex.org/W2963963993","https://openalex.org/W2964120615","https://openalex.org/W2964165364","https://openalex.org/W2964267515","https://openalex.org/W2964308564"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2888302696","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963748441","https://openalex.org/W2963323070","https://openalex.org/W2951534261","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2963963993","https://openalex.org/W2963339397","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2551396370","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2964223283","https://openalex.org/W2125436846","https://openalex.org/W2962718483","https://openalex.org/W2787560479","https://openalex.org/W2609826708","https://openalex.org/W1544827683","https://openalex.org/W2912924812","https://openalex.org/W2740747242","https://openalex.org/W2606964149"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Humans":[0],"gather":[1],"information":[2,18],"through":[3],"conversations":[4,53],"involving":[5],"a":[6,34,143],"series":[7],"of":[8,121],"interconnected":[9],"questions":[10,47,62,88],"and":[11,65,84,101,108],"answers.":[12],"For":[13],"machines":[14],"to":[15,24,27,145],"assist":[16],"in":[17,76,82,94],"gathering,":[19],"it":[20],"is":[21,124,134],"therefore":[22],"essential":[23],"enable":[25],"them":[26],"answer":[28],"conversational":[29,87],"questions.":[30],"We":[31,79,104,139],"introduce":[32],"CoQA,":[33],"novel":[35],"dataset":[36,44],"for":[37,137],"building":[38],"Conversational":[39],"Question":[40],"Answering":[41],"systems.":[42],"Our":[43],"contains":[45],"127k":[46],"with":[48,71],"answers,":[49],"obtained":[50],"from":[51,57],"8k":[52],"about":[54],"text":[55,70],"passages":[56],"seven":[58],"diverse":[59],"domains.":[60],"The":[61,114],"are":[63,68],"conversational,":[64],"the":[66,77,146],"answers":[67],"free-form":[69],"their":[72],"corresponding":[73],"evidence":[74],"highlighted":[75],"passage.":[78],"analyze":[80],"CoQA":[81,141],"depth":[83],"show":[85],"that":[86,132],"have":[89],"challenging":[90],"phenomena":[91],"not":[92],"present":[93,140],"existing":[95],"reading":[96,109],"comprehension":[97,110],"datasets":[98],"(e.g.,":[99],"coreference":[100],"pragmatic":[102],"reasoning).":[103],"evaluate":[105],"strong":[106],"dialogue":[107],"models":[111],"on":[112],"CoQA.":[113],"best":[115],"system":[116],"obtains":[117],"an":[118],"F1":[119],"score":[120],"65.4%,":[122],"which":[123],"23.4":[125],"points":[126],"behind":[127],"human":[128],"performance":[129],"(88.8%),":[130],"indicating":[131],"there":[133],"ample":[135],"room":[136],"improvement.":[138],"as":[142],"challenge":[144],"community":[147],"at":[148],"https://stanfordnlp.github.io/coqa":[149],".":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-02-09T09:26:11.010843","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}