{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390498810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00281","title":"Technological impact of funded research: A case study of nonpatent references","display_name":"Technological impact of funded research: A case study of nonpatent references","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390498810","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00281"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/qss_a_00281","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00281","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195326","display_name":"Quantitative Science Studies","issn_l":"2641-3337","issn":["2641-3337"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantitative Science Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00281","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043115922","display_name":"Justin Quemener","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2656-5680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201841394","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d'Azur","ror":"https://ror.org/019tgvf94","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201841394"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126779","display_name":"Observatoire de la C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur","ror":"https://ror.org/039fj2469","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201841394","https://openalex.org/I4210126779"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139679","display_name":"Observatoire des Sciences et des Techniques","ror":"https://ror.org/03w8v9a14","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139679"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Justin Quemener","raw_affiliation_strings":["Observatoire des Sciences et Techniques, Hc\u00e9res, Paris, France","Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, Nice, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2656-5680","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Observatoire des Sciences et Techniques, Hc\u00e9res, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e9 C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur, Nice, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126779","https://openalex.org/I201841394"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007370813","display_name":"Luis Miotti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139679","display_name":"Observatoire des Sciences et des Techniques","ror":"https://ror.org/03w8v9a14","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139679"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Miotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Observatoire des Sciences et Techniques, Hc\u00e9res, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Observatoire des Sciences et Techniques, Hc\u00e9res, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139679"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029050320","display_name":"Abdelghani Maddi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9268-8022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39804081","display_name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/02en5vm52","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39804081"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094956","display_name":"Groupe d'\u00c9tude des M\u00e9thodes de l'Analyse Sociologique de la Sorbonne","ror":"https://ror.org/00kzsxx38","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210094956","https://openalex.org/I4210150854"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139679","display_name":"Observatoire des Sciences et des Techniques","ror":"https://ror.org/03w8v9a14","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139679"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelghani Maddi","raw_affiliation_strings":["GEMASS \u2013 CNRS \u2013 Sorbonne University, Paris, France","Observatoire des Sciences et Techniques, Hc\u00e9res, Paris, France","GEMASS - CNRS - Sorbonne University, 59/61 rue Pouchet, Paris, 75017 France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9268-8022","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GEMASS \u2013 CNRS \u2013 Sorbonne University, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210094956","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Observatoire des Sciences et Techniques, Hc\u00e9res, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139679"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GEMASS - CNRS - Sorbonne University, 59/61 rue Pouchet, Paris, 75017 France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39804081","https://openalex.org/I4210094956","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043115922"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201841394","https://openalex.org/I4210126779","https://openalex.org/I4210139679"],"apc_list":{"value":800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":800},"apc_paid":{"value":800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":800},"fwci":4.3269,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94140945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"170","last_page":"186"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.9728999733924866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.9728999733924866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12722","display_name":"Innovation Policy and R&D","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.972000002861023,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.4759005010128021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gateway","display_name":"Gateway (web page)","score":0.4693276286125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-and-drug-administration","display_name":"Food and drug administration","score":0.4288780093193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.42823854088783264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/library-science","display_name":"Library science","score":0.40694737434387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.3759004473686218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3152731955051422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3105369508266449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-health","display_name":"Environmental health","score":0.16189822554588318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.11403131484985352}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4759005010128021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777710495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5527195","display_name":"Gateway (web page)","level":2,"score":0.4693276286125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018890749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204711","display_name":"Food and drug administration","level":2,"score":0.4288780093193054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.42823854088783264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.40694737434387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3759004473686218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3152731955051422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3105369508266449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.16189822554588318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.11403131484985352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/qss_a_00281","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00281","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195326","display_name":"Quantitative Science Studies","issn_l":"2641-3337","issn":["2641-3337"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantitative Science Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a1a9bab57cc84a06a3efcb6d7fa32329","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a1a9bab57cc84a06a3efcb6d7fa32329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Quantitative Science Studies, Vol 5, Iss 1 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/qss_a_00281","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00281","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210195326","display_name":"Quantitative Science Studies","issn_l":"2641-3337","issn":["2641-3337"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Quantitative Science Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321589","display_name":"Fondation pour la Recherche M\u00e9dicale","ror":"https://ror.org/04w6kn183"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1903698514","https://openalex.org/W1964822579","https://openalex.org/W1969461069","https://openalex.org/W1981741124","https://openalex.org/W2002105292","https://openalex.org/W2009683243","https://openalex.org/W2035687655","https://openalex.org/W2041200573","https://openalex.org/W2077563060","https://openalex.org/W2111552364","https://openalex.org/W2171010455","https://openalex.org/W2327098298","https://openalex.org/W2510333084","https://openalex.org/W2597503617","https://openalex.org/W2597693078","https://openalex.org/W2743628650","https://openalex.org/W2768182751","https://openalex.org/W2906913315","https://openalex.org/W2912980833","https://openalex.org/W2915733332","https://openalex.org/W2936032879","https://openalex.org/W2939900189","https://openalex.org/W2948266139","https://openalex.org/W2952066651","https://openalex.org/W2953812264","https://openalex.org/W2962744526","https://openalex.org/W2995437101","https://openalex.org/W3041673792","https://openalex.org/W3107561675","https://openalex.org/W3122144851","https://openalex.org/W3123974754","https://openalex.org/W3125090905","https://openalex.org/W3138060109","https://openalex.org/W3157572562","https://openalex.org/W3175130084","https://openalex.org/W4200345876","https://openalex.org/W4233667776","https://openalex.org/W4301006895","https://openalex.org/W4311659494","https://openalex.org/W4315606649","https://openalex.org/W4386058390"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3123141149","https://openalex.org/W2369391311","https://openalex.org/W2910762661","https://openalex.org/W2373935109","https://openalex.org/W2751414885","https://openalex.org/W1606494531","https://openalex.org/W3025777772","https://openalex.org/W2144575440","https://openalex.org/W1517740925","https://openalex.org/W2384111838"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Research":[1,90],"funding":[2,29,192],"is":[3,70,145],"essential":[4],"to":[5,60,72,168],"expand":[6],"knowledge,":[7],"foster":[8],"innovation,":[9],"and":[10,30,64,92,106,177,198],"address":[11],"the":[12,25,39,65,85,93,103,113,133,140,173,187],"complex":[13],"challenges":[14],"that":[15,118,152,190],"shape":[16],"our":[17,148],"future.":[18],"The":[19],"scientific":[20,105,197],"literature":[21],"has":[22],"extensively":[23],"addressed":[24],"relationship":[26],"between":[27],"research":[28,44,191],"academic":[31],"impact.":[32],"More":[33],"recently,":[34],"several":[35],"studies":[36,69],"have":[37,166,194],"analyzed":[38],"technological":[40,107,199],"impact":[41],"of":[42,67,80,95,109,163,186],"funded":[43,83,115,137],"as":[45,52],"measured":[46],"through":[47],"citations":[48,94],"in":[49,98,121,139],"patents,":[50],"known":[51],"nonpatent":[53],"references":[54],"(NPRs).":[55],"But":[56],"there":[57],"remains":[58],"much":[59],"know":[61],"about":[62],"NPRs":[63],"multiplication":[66],"case":[68],"necessary":[71],"characterize":[73],"them.":[74],"Here":[75],"we":[76],"analyze":[77],"a":[78],"sample":[79],"7,065":[81],"publications":[82,97,114,131,138,157],"by":[84,116,129,172],"French":[86],"Foundation":[87],"for":[88],"Medical":[89],"(FRM)":[91],"these":[96,156,164],"patents.":[99],"This":[100,181],"study":[101,182],"shows":[102],"high":[104],"impacts":[108],"FRM":[110,117],"funding.":[111],"Indeed,":[112],"are":[119,123],"cited":[120,128],"patents":[122,154,165],"3.5":[124],"times":[125],"more":[126],"frequently":[127],"other":[130],"than":[132],"global":[134],"average":[135],"(for":[136],"entire":[141],"database,":[142],"this":[143],"ratio":[144],"2.6).":[146],"Furthermore,":[147],"results":[149],"also":[150],"indicate":[151],"USPTO":[153],"citing":[155],"exhibit":[158],"high-quality":[159],"indicators.":[160],"Moreover,":[161],"five":[162],"led":[167],"approved":[169],"drug":[170],"products":[171],"United":[174],"States":[175],"Food":[176],"Drug":[178],"Administration":[179],"(FDA).":[180],"provides":[183],"further":[184],"evidence":[185],"positive":[188],"influence":[189],"can":[193],"on":[195],"both":[196],"advancements.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-23T05:10:03.516525","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}