{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2967688014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_01223","title":"A Real-Time Health 4.0 Framework with Novel Feature Extraction and Classification for Brain-Controlled IoT-Enabled Environments","display_name":"A Real-Time Health 4.0 Framework with Novel Feature Extraction and Classification for Brain-Controlled IoT-Enabled Environments","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2967688014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_01223","mag":"2967688014","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393827"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/neco_a_01223","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_01223","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207023548","display_name":"Neural Computation","issn_l":"0899-7667","issn":["0899-7667","1530-888X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"letter","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110638164","display_name":"B. Jagadish","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"B. Jagadish","raw_affiliation_strings":["WiNet Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502285, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WiNet Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502285, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102796460","display_name":"Pranav Mishra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5219-6269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. K. Mishra","raw_affiliation_strings":["WiNet Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502285, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WiNet Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502285, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112461093","display_name":"M. P. R. S. Kiran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. P. R. S. Kiran","raw_affiliation_strings":["WiNet Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502285, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WiNet Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502285, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"P. Rajalakshmi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","ror":"https://ror.org/01j4v3x97","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. Rajalakshmi","raw_affiliation_strings":["WiNet Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502285, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WiNet Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Telangana, 502285, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102796460","https://openalex.org/A5110638164","https://openalex.org/A5112461093"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1246,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48097625,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"10","first_page":"1915","last_page":"1944"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6587151288986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6362873315811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6070511341094971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-imagery","display_name":"Motor imagery","score":0.5751979351043701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.5672374367713928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5432665348052979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.5376196503639221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5184342861175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5049746632575989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.462729811668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.42433860898017883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.40859752893447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3348413109779358}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6587151288986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6362873315811157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6070511341094971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54808283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6918191","display_name":"Motor imagery","level":4,"score":0.5751979351043701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.5672374367713928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5432665348052979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.5376196503639221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5184342861175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5049746632575989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.462729811668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.42433860898017883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.40859752893447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3348413109779358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080487","descriptor_name":"Internet of Things","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080487","descriptor_name":"Internet of Things","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080487","descriptor_name":"Internet of Things","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007092","descriptor_name":"Imagination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007092","descriptor_name":"Imagination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007092","descriptor_name":"Imagination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D062207","descriptor_name":"Brain-Computer Interfaces","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/neco_a_01223","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_01223","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207023548","display_name":"Neural Computation","issn_l":"0899-7667","issn":["0899-7667","1530-888X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31393827","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31393827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural computation","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:raiith.iith.ac.in:6279","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://raiith.iith.ac.in/6279/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400292","display_name":"Research Archive of Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I65181880","host_organization_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65181880"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1592510033","https://openalex.org/W1965769973","https://openalex.org/W2007345898","https://openalex.org/W2032236594","https://openalex.org/W2038194220","https://openalex.org/W2040399226","https://openalex.org/W2078087619","https://openalex.org/W2096597330","https://openalex.org/W2099509424","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2162295492","https://openalex.org/W2258475915","https://openalex.org/W2306275196","https://openalex.org/W2507528282","https://openalex.org/W2559463885","https://openalex.org/W2560772735","https://openalex.org/W2569197105","https://openalex.org/W2590611054","https://openalex.org/W2599557761","https://openalex.org/W2602279467","https://openalex.org/W2737825951","https://openalex.org/W2741907166","https://openalex.org/W2746829572","https://openalex.org/W2747068084","https://openalex.org/W2753689945","https://openalex.org/W2755571330","https://openalex.org/W2767333869","https://openalex.org/W2772336528","https://openalex.org/W3102455230","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4299338613"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977940006","https://openalex.org/W2887556756","https://openalex.org/W2947925238","https://openalex.org/W195417223","https://openalex.org/W1513407214","https://openalex.org/W1984377984","https://openalex.org/W1961545574","https://openalex.org/W2510077457","https://openalex.org/W3045772920","https://openalex.org/W2944296668"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,82,283],"letter,":[2],"we":[3,18],"propose":[4],"two":[5],"novel":[6],"methods":[7,123],"for":[8,26,61,111,220,230,270],"four-class":[9,130,143,224],"motor":[10],"imagery":[11],"(MI)":[12],"classification":[13,62,68,117,185,222],"using":[14,70,126,172,243],"electroencephalography":[15],"(EEG).":[16],"Also,":[17],"developed":[19],"a":[20,64,71,94,106,142],"real-time":[21],"health":[22],"4.0":[23],"(H4.0)":[24],"architecture":[25,162,237,266],"brain-controlled":[27],"internet":[28],"of":[29,73,148,166,190,195,204,223,276,292],"things":[30],"(IoT)":[31],"enabled":[32],"environments":[33,48],"(BCE),":[34],"which":[35,115],"uses":[36],"the":[37,102,112,182,214,221,251,263,274,289],"classified":[38],"MI":[39,113,131,144,225],"task":[40],"to":[41,87,99],"assist":[42],"disabled":[43],"persons":[44],"in":[45,240,273,287],"controlling":[46],"IoT-enabled":[47],"such":[49],"as":[50],"lighting":[51],"and":[52,55,66,78,141,168,175,199,226],"heating,":[53],"ventilation,":[54],"air-conditioning":[56],"(HVAC).":[57],"The":[58,121,159,210,233,257],"first":[59],"method":[60,83,104],"involves":[63],"simple":[65],"low-complex":[67,235],"framework":[69],"combination":[72],"regularized":[74],"Riemannian":[75],"mean":[76],"(RRM)":[77],"linear":[79],"SVM.":[80],"Although":[81],"performs":[84],"better":[85],"compared":[86],"state-of-the-art":[88],"techniques,":[89],"it":[90],"still":[91],"suffers":[92],"from":[93],"nonnegligible":[95],"misclassification":[96],"rate.":[97],"Hence,":[98],"overcome":[100],"this,":[101],"second":[103],"offers":[105],"persistent":[107],"decision":[108],"engine":[109],"(PDE)":[110],"classification,":[114],"improves":[116],"accuracy":[118],"(CA)":[119],"significantly.":[120],"proposed":[122,160,183,234,264],"are":[124],"validated":[125,171],"an":[127,187],"in-house":[128],"recorded":[129],"data":[132,145,196,205,254],"set":[133,135,146,153,197,206],"(data":[134,152],"I,":[136],"collected":[137,155],"over":[138,156],"14":[139],"subjects),":[140],"2a":[147],"BCI":[149],"competition":[150],"IV":[151],"II,":[154,176],"9":[157],"subjects).":[158],"RRM":[161],"obtained":[163],"average":[164,188],"CAs":[165],"74.30%":[167],"67.60%":[169],"when":[170],"datasets":[173],"I":[174,198],"respectively.":[177],"When":[178],"analyzed":[179],"along":[180,249],"with":[181,250],"PDE":[184,215],"framework,":[186],"CA":[189],"92.25%":[191],"on":[192,201],"12":[193],"subjects":[194,203],"82.54%":[200],"7":[202],"II":[207],"is":[208,217,227,238,267],"obtained.":[209],"results":[211,260],"show":[212,261],"that":[213,262,282],"algorithm":[216],"more":[218],"reliable":[219],"also":[228],"feasible":[229],"BCE":[231,236,293],"applications.":[232],"implemented":[239],"real":[241],"time":[242],"Raspberry":[244],"Pi":[245],"3":[246],"Model":[247],"B+":[248],"Virgo":[252],"EEG":[253],"acquisition":[255],"system.":[256],"hardware":[258],"implementation":[259],"system":[265],"well":[268],"suited":[269],"body-wearable":[271],"devices":[272],"scenario":[275],"Health":[277],"4.0.":[278],"We":[279],"strongly":[280],"feel":[281],"study":[284],"can":[285],"aid":[286],"driving":[288],"future":[290],"scope":[291],"research.":[294]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
