{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2150447451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/neco.2008.12-07-680","title":"A Generalized Linear Integrate-and-Fire Neural Model Produces Diverse Spiking Behaviors","display_name":"A Generalized Linear Integrate-and-Fire Neural Model Produces Diverse Spiking Behaviors","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-10-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2150447451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/neco.2008.12-07-680","mag":"2150447451","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18928368"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/neco.2008.12-07-680","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/neco.2008.12-07-680","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207023548","display_name":"Neural Computation","issn_l":"0899-7667","issn":["0899-7667","1530-888X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2954058","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072126704","display_name":"\u015etefan Mihala\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-7100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314596251","display_name":"Allen Institute for Brain Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00dcv1019","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314596251","https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u015etefan Mihala\u015f","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute and Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute and Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314596251"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016761623","display_name":"Ernst Niebur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2815-9262"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314596251","display_name":"Allen Institute for Brain Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00dcv1019","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314596251","https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ernst Niebur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute and Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute and Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314596251"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016761623","https://openalex.org/A5072126704"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314596251"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.515,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":165,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98612742,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"704","last_page":"718"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.6375089287757874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.578453779220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5538901090621948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.5268223285675049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-neuron-model","display_name":"Biological neuron model","score":0.5129332542419434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","score":0.498976469039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.481986939907074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ordinary-differential-equation","display_name":"Ordinary differential equation","score":0.46451252698898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.44368162751197815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bursting","display_name":"Bursting","score":0.43697044253349304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4120182991027832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polynomial","display_name":"Polynomial","score":0.4108603894710541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-equation","display_name":"Differential equation","score":0.4093153476715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-system","display_name":"Biological system","score":0.3902057707309723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.36839771270751953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.35634079575538635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2167053520679474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18771669268608093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.15968379378318787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.6375089287757874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.578453779220581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5538901090621948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.5268223285675049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186565885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1651163","display_name":"Biological neuron model","level":3,"score":0.5129332542419434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.498976469039917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.481986939907074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51544822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q465274","display_name":"Ordinary differential equation","level":3,"score":0.46451252698898315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.44368162751197815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195221683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5000649","display_name":"Bursting","level":2,"score":0.43697044253349304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4120182991027832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90119067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43260","display_name":"Polynomial","level":2,"score":0.4108603894710541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78045399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11214","display_name":"Differential equation","level":2,"score":0.4093153476715088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.3902057707309723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.36839771270751953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.35634079575538635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2167053520679474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18771669268608093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.15968379378318787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000200","descriptor_name":"Action Potentials","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000222","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Physiological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008959","descriptor_name":"Models, Neurological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009474","descriptor_name":"Neurons","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/neco.2008.12-07-680","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/neco.2008.12-07-680","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207023548","display_name":"Neural Computation","issn_l":"0899-7667","issn":["0899-7667","1530-888X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18928368","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18928368","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural computation","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2954058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2954058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Neural Comput","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2954058","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2954058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Neural Comput","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G616299639","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 NS043188","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6552890975","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 EY016281","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","funder_display_name":"National Eye Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8050366810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NS43188-01A1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848483116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01 NS040596","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","display_name":"National Eye Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03wkg3b53"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337359","display_name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","ror":"https://ror.org/01s5ya894"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485099091","https://openalex.org/W1497599289","https://openalex.org/W1607240981","https://openalex.org/W1971657654","https://openalex.org/W1979744531","https://openalex.org/W1982602109","https://openalex.org/W1983069678","https://openalex.org/W1996196738","https://openalex.org/W2003743055","https://openalex.org/W2020122583","https://openalex.org/W2025881996","https://openalex.org/W2032127285","https://openalex.org/W2038682599","https://openalex.org/W2043144989","https://openalex.org/W2044731337","https://openalex.org/W2045379839","https://openalex.org/W2066784785","https://openalex.org/W2071080637","https://openalex.org/W2077390090","https://openalex.org/W2098221167","https://openalex.org/W2107284025","https://openalex.org/W2109596721","https://openalex.org/W2117564327","https://openalex.org/W2119506841","https://openalex.org/W2128949090","https://openalex.org/W2135736527","https://openalex.org/W2138301689","https://openalex.org/W2143553955","https://openalex.org/W2150694008","https://openalex.org/W2157239334","https://openalex.org/W2157580187","https://openalex.org/W2160988512","https://openalex.org/W2164653071","https://openalex.org/W2191147049","https://openalex.org/W2220903811","https://openalex.org/W4244284557"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023492997","https://openalex.org/W2054514891","https://openalex.org/W2025038987","https://openalex.org/W2013860114","https://openalex.org/W2134241224","https://openalex.org/W4293495640","https://openalex.org/W2071442116","https://openalex.org/W2975998895","https://openalex.org/W2159341419","https://openalex.org/W4230885516"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0,56],"simulations":[1],"of":[2,12,22,36,46,82,86,94,104,108,183],"neural":[3],"networks,":[4],"there":[5],"is":[6,111,166],"a":[7,34,43,83,97,167,181,184],"trade-off":[8],"between":[9,54],"the":[10,13,20,23,37,60,91,118,139,161,175],"size":[11],"network":[14],"that":[15,41],"can":[16,154],"be":[17,155],"simulated":[18],"and":[19,76,100,127],"complexity":[21],"model":[24,40,61,80,153],"used":[25,124],"for":[26,173],"individual":[27],"neurons.":[28],"In":[29],"this":[30],"study,":[31],"we":[32],"describe":[33],"generalization":[35],"leaky":[38],"integrate-and-fire":[39,163],"produces":[42,62],"wide":[44],"variety":[45],"spiking":[47,63],"behaviors":[48],"while":[49],"still":[50],"being":[51],"analytically":[52],"solvable":[53],"firings.":[55],"different":[57],"parameter":[58],"values,":[59],"or":[64,68,72],"bursting,":[65],"tonic,":[66],"phasic":[67],"adapting":[69],"responses,":[70],"depolarizing":[71],"hyperpolarizing":[73],"after":[74],"potentials":[75],"so":[77],"forth.":[78],"The":[79,122,131],"consists":[81],"diagonalizable":[84],"set":[85],"linear":[87],"differential":[88,140],"equations":[89],"describing":[90],"time":[92],"evolution":[93],"membrane":[95],"potential,":[96],"variable":[98],"threshold,":[99],"an":[101,114],"arbitrary":[102],"number":[103],"firing-induced":[105],"currents.":[106],"Each":[107],"these":[109],"variables":[110,123],"modified":[112],"by":[113],"update":[115,149],"rule":[116],"when":[117],"potential":[119],"reaches":[120],"threshold.":[121],"are":[125,143,178],"intuitive":[126],"have":[128],"biological":[129],"significance.":[130],"model's":[132],"rich":[133],"behavior":[134],"does":[135],"not":[136],"come":[137],"from":[138,147],"equations,":[141],"which":[142,174],"linear,":[144],"but":[145],"rather":[146],"complex":[148],"rules.":[150],"This":[151],"single-neuron":[152],"implemented":[156],"using":[157],"algorithms":[158,172],"similar":[159],"to":[160],"standard":[162],"model.":[164],"It":[165],"natural":[168],"match":[169],"with":[170],"event-driven":[171],"firing":[176],"times":[177],"obtained":[179],"as":[180],"solution":[182],"polynomial":[185],"equation.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-06-24T13:16:06.693445","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
