{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2018795431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/neco.2008.10-06-351","title":"Online Learning with Hidden Markov Models","display_name":"Online Learning with Hidden Markov Models","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-02-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2018795431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/neco.2008.10-06-351","mag":"2018795431","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18254694"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/neco.2008.10-06-351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/neco.2008.10-06-351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207023548","display_name":"Neural Computation","issn_l":"0899-7667","issn":["0899-7667","1530-888X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020750894","display_name":"Gianluigi Mongillo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6885-9394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29607241","display_name":"\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure - PSL","ror":"https://ror.org/05a0dhs15","country_code":"FR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I29607241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120493","display_name":"Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives","ror":"https://ror.org/02dg3n954","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I21491767","https://openalex.org/I4210096427","https://openalex.org/I4210120493"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianluigi Mongillo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group for Neural Theory, Department d'Etudes Cognitives, Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, Coll\u00e8ge de France, Paris 75006, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group for Neural Theory, Department d'Etudes Cognitives, Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, Coll\u00e8ge de France, Paris 75006, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29607241","https://openalex.org/I4210120493"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083343243","display_name":"Sophie Den\u00e8ve","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9318-9636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29607241","display_name":"\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure - PSL","ror":"https://ror.org/05a0dhs15","country_code":"FR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2746051580","https://openalex.org/I29607241"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120493","display_name":"Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives","ror":"https://ror.org/02dg3n954","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I21491767","https://openalex.org/I4210096427","https://openalex.org/I4210120493"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sophie Deneve","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group for Neural Theory, Department d'Etudes Cognitives, Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, Coll\u00e8ge de France, Paris 75006, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group for Neural Theory, Department d'Etudes Cognitives, Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, Coll\u00e8ge de France, Paris 75006, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29607241","https://openalex.org/I4210120493"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.5183,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":132,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98674383,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"7","first_page":"1706","last_page":"1716"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11901","display_name":"Bayesian Methods and Mixture Models","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11901","display_name":"Bayesian Methods and Mixture Models","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6214222311973572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.6199672818183899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expectation\u2013maximization-algorithm","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","score":0.6023633480072021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-algorithm","display_name":"Online algorithm","score":0.5698788166046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-algorithm","display_name":"Forward algorithm","score":0.5299248099327087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5275188088417053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-model","display_name":"Markov model","score":0.48131120204925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4678042232990265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factor","display_name":"Factor (programming language)","score":0.4513876736164093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-entropy-markov-model","display_name":"Maximum-entropy Markov model","score":0.4367217421531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4283671975135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.4186880886554718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.416969358921051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.41550880670547485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variable-order-markov-model","display_name":"Variable-order Markov model","score":0.33399394154548645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.2841554582118988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.28173398971557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.17071178555488586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.1503065526485443}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6214222311973572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.6199672818183899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182081679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1275153","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","level":3,"score":0.6023633480072021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196921405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786431","display_name":"Online algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5698788166046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196455857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5473264","display_name":"Forward algorithm","level":5,"score":0.5299248099327087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5275188088417053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163836022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326","display_name":"Markov model","level":3,"score":0.48131120204925537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4678042232990265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781039887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1391724","display_name":"Factor (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4513876736164093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196956702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795829","display_name":"Maximum-entropy Markov model","level":5,"score":0.4367217421531677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4283671975135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.4186880886554718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.416969358921051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.41550880670547485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54907487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915688","display_name":"Variable-order Markov model","level":4,"score":0.33399394154548645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2841554582118988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.28173398971557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.17071178555488586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1503065526485443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/neco.2008.10-06-351","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/neco.2008.10-06-351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207023548","display_name":"Neural Computation","issn_l":"0899-7667","issn":["0899-7667","1530-888X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18254694","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18254694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural computation","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063089147","https://openalex.org/W2073680033","https://openalex.org/W2090209667","https://openalex.org/W2115916404","https://openalex.org/W2119072456","https://openalex.org/W2125838338","https://openalex.org/W2139295975","https://openalex.org/W2144540603","https://openalex.org/W2165421906"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2382132287","https://openalex.org/W2161328464","https://openalex.org/W1510894296","https://openalex.org/W4302561434","https://openalex.org/W1542903750","https://openalex.org/W3164302780","https://openalex.org/W4294690686","https://openalex.org/W2353444478","https://openalex.org/W2350115929","https://openalex.org/W2769635280"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"an":[2,30],"online":[3,31,89,114],"version":[4],"of":[5,34,81,102,112],"the":[6,36,46,49,62,71,85,88,100,103,113],"expectation-maximization":[7],"(EM)":[8],"algorithm":[9,67,90,115],"for":[10,19,75,116],"hidden":[11],"Markov":[12],"models":[13],"(HMMs).":[14],"The":[15,65,110],"sufficient":[16],"statistics":[17,101],"required":[18],"parameters":[20,51,82],"estimation":[21],"is":[22,43,68,91,106],"computed":[23],"recursively":[24],"with":[25,54,95,108],"time,":[26],"that":[27],"is,":[28],"in":[29,119],"way":[32],"instead":[33],"using":[35],"batch":[37,72],"forward-backward":[38],"procedure.":[39],"This":[40],"computational":[41],"scheme":[42],"generalized":[44],"to":[45,70,93],"case":[47],"where":[48],"model":[50],"can":[52],"change":[53],"time":[55],"by":[56],"introducing":[57],"a":[58],"discount":[59,77],"factor":[60,78],"into":[61],"recurrence":[63],"relations.":[64],"resulting":[66],"equivalent":[69],"EM":[73],"algorithm,":[74],"appropriate":[76],"and":[79],"scheduling":[80],"update.":[83],"On":[84],"other":[86],"hand,":[87],"able":[92],"deal":[94],"dynamic":[96],"environments,":[97],"i.e.,":[98],"when":[99],"observed":[104],"data":[105],"changing":[107],"time.":[109],"implications":[111],"probabilistic":[117],"modeling":[118],"neuroscience":[120],"are":[121],"briefly":[122],"discussed.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":16}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
