{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220904061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01850","title":"Caught in the ACTS: Defining Abstract Cognitive Task Sequences as an Independent Process","display_name":"Caught in the ACTS: Defining Abstract Cognitive Task Sequences as an Independent Process","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220904061","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01850","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35303079"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01850","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01850","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123144817","display_name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","issn_l":"0898-929X","issn":["0898-929X","1530-8898"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083990780","display_name":"Theresa M. Desrochers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7223-0556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theresa M. Desrochers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown University, Providence, RI"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7223-0556","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown University, Providence, RI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048937357","display_name":"Aarit Ahuja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3973-8825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aarit Ahuja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown University, Providence, RI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown University, Providence, RI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013676884","display_name":"Marvin R. Maechler","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2847-3083"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107672454","display_name":"Dartmouth College","ror":"https://ror.org/049s0rh22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marvin R. Maechler","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2847-3083","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107672454"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055176091","display_name":"Jorja Shires","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4700-6050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134113660","display_name":"University of Nevada, Reno","ror":"https://ror.org/01keh0577","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorja Shires","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nevada, Reno"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nevada, Reno","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034015713","display_name":"Nadira Yusif Rodriguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5912-6538"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadira Yusif Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brown University, Providence, RI"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brown University, Providence, RI","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009827232","display_name":"Marian E. Berryhill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8218-6587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134113660","display_name":"University of Nevada, Reno","ror":"https://ror.org/01keh0577","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marian E. Berryhill","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Nevada, Reno"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Nevada, Reno","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134113660"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.127,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74063763,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"7","first_page":"1103","last_page":"1113"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10465","display_name":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.7854089140892029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.7464827299118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.7271732091903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.6289586424827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5818352103233337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence-learning","display_name":"Sequence learning","score":0.5797854661941528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serial-reaction-time","display_name":"Serial reaction time","score":0.562442421913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.5243996977806091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.4608881175518036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.18208637833595276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.14386284351348877}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7854089140892029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.7464827299118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.7271732091903687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.6289586424827576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5818352103233337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40506919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7452469","display_name":"Sequence learning","level":2,"score":0.5797854661941528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781114239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7454700","display_name":"Serial reaction time","level":3,"score":0.562442421913147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.5243996977806091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4608881175518036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.18208637833595276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.14386284351348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011930","descriptor_name":"Reaction Time","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011930","descriptor_name":"Reaction Time","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011930","descriptor_name":"Reaction Time","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011939","descriptor_name":"Mental Recall","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011939","descriptor_name":"Mental Recall","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011939","descriptor_name":"Mental Recall","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012691","descriptor_name":"Serial Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012691","descriptor_name":"Serial Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012691","descriptor_name":"Serial Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01850","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01850","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123144817","display_name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","issn_l":"0898-929X","issn":["0898-929X","1530-8898"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35303079","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35303079","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of cognitive neuroscience","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5020498489","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1632738","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315764","funder_display_name":"Kansas NSF EPSCoR"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315764","display_name":"Kansas NSF EPSCoR","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":98,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1532367786","https://openalex.org/W1573465609","https://openalex.org/W1908127931","https://openalex.org/W1943433854","https://openalex.org/W1965741498","https://openalex.org/W1975078491","https://openalex.org/W1975141160","https://openalex.org/W1980014515","https://openalex.org/W1980131199","https://openalex.org/W1980862600","https://openalex.org/W1985454926","https://openalex.org/W2000561126","https://openalex.org/W2016127971","https://openalex.org/W2017144522","https://openalex.org/W2037478258","https://openalex.org/W2039772527","https://openalex.org/W2050175776","https://openalex.org/W2055233037","https://openalex.org/W2055824950","https://openalex.org/W2063265871","https://openalex.org/W2065497880","https://openalex.org/W2070801122","https://openalex.org/W2072011009","https://openalex.org/W2075270873","https://openalex.org/W2075924004","https://openalex.org/W2077817595","https://openalex.org/W2079753836","https://openalex.org/W2093472804","https://openalex.org/W2094037121","https://openalex.org/W2102770572","https://openalex.org/W2104049715","https://openalex.org/W2108292201","https://openalex.org/W2111801796","https://openalex.org/W2112862259","https://openalex.org/W2113066677","https://openalex.org/W2114263972","https://openalex.org/W2115327522","https://openalex.org/W2118599126","https://openalex.org/W2122298493","https://openalex.org/W2122896223","https://openalex.org/W2125240230","https://openalex.org/W2128312090","https://openalex.org/W2134066710","https://openalex.org/W2134288393","https://openalex.org/W2138210540","https://openalex.org/W2138657293","https://openalex.org/W2148188411","https://openalex.org/W2165107985","https://openalex.org/W2167420598","https://openalex.org/W2170028964","https://openalex.org/W2239530415","https://openalex.org/W2284263604","https://openalex.org/W2403869979","https://openalex.org/W2412040923","https://openalex.org/W2522388285","https://openalex.org/W2526072446","https://openalex.org/W2526929247","https://openalex.org/W2549355627","https://openalex.org/W2558378871","https://openalex.org/W2603080693","https://openalex.org/W2622591513","https://openalex.org/W2750911160","https://openalex.org/W2775944983","https://openalex.org/W2778669010","https://openalex.org/W2793654625","https://openalex.org/W2794973687","https://openalex.org/W2799906000","https://openalex.org/W2805791143","https://openalex.org/W2811188061","https://openalex.org/W2854445389","https://openalex.org/W2906197736","https://openalex.org/W2906393832","https://openalex.org/W2907263458","https://openalex.org/W2913121704","https://openalex.org/W2917218348","https://openalex.org/W2921842616","https://openalex.org/W2933987278","https://openalex.org/W2964141362","https://openalex.org/W2985235189","https://openalex.org/W2989871714","https://openalex.org/W2995949384","https://openalex.org/W3003698424","https://openalex.org/W3022263097","https://openalex.org/W3046249462","https://openalex.org/W3080528960","https://openalex.org/W3081530306","https://openalex.org/W3088858662","https://openalex.org/W3130526202","https://openalex.org/W3132542481","https://openalex.org/W3163952193","https://openalex.org/W3184637224","https://openalex.org/W3197665732","https://openalex.org/W3199904194","https://openalex.org/W3203789838","https://openalex.org/W4212990417","https://openalex.org/W4213047598","https://openalex.org/W4220950505","https://openalex.org/W4295750005"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2141093696","https://openalex.org/W3198710167","https://openalex.org/W2130716685","https://openalex.org/W2129287826","https://openalex.org/W2167042400","https://openalex.org/W2095809751","https://openalex.org/W1989172155","https://openalex.org/W43160965","https://openalex.org/W3129039047","https://openalex.org/W2072736607"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cognitive":[0],"neuroscience":[1],"currently":[2],"conflates":[3],"the":[4,16,31,67,123],"study":[5,17],"of":[6,18,49,55,60,96,100,104],"serial":[7,44],"responses":[8],"(e.g.,":[9],"delay":[10],"match":[11],"to":[12,27,73,77,83,92,110,116,145],"sample/nonsample,":[13],"n-back)":[14],"with":[15],"sequential":[19],"operations.":[20,105],"In":[21,122],"this":[22],"essay,":[23],"our":[24],"goal":[25,108],"is":[26,90,109],"define":[28,127],"and":[29,58,69,135],"disentangle":[30],"latter,":[32],"termed":[33],"abstract":[34],"cognitive":[35,98],"task":[36],"sequences":[37],"(ACTS).":[38],"Existing":[39],"literatures":[40],"address":[41],"tasks":[42],"requiring":[43],"events,":[45],"including":[46],"procedural":[47],"learning":[48,54],"implicit":[50],"motor":[51],"responses,":[52],"statistical":[53],"predictive":[56],"relationships,":[57],"judgments":[59],"attributes.":[61],"These":[62],"findings":[63],"do":[64],"not":[65],"describe":[66],"behavior":[68],"underlying":[70],"mechanism":[71],"required":[72],"succeed":[74],"at":[75],"remembering":[76],"evaluate":[78],"color,":[79],"then":[80,85],"shape;":[81],"or":[82],"multiply,":[84],"add.":[86],"A":[87],"new":[88],"literature":[89],"needed":[91],"characterize":[93,111],"these":[94],"sorts":[95],"second-order":[97],"demands":[99],"studying":[101],"a":[102],"sequence":[103],"Our":[106],"second":[107],"gaps":[112],"in":[113],"knowledge":[114],"related":[115],"ACTS":[117,134],"that":[118,139],"merit":[119],"further":[120,140],"investigation.":[121],"following":[124],"sections,":[125],"we":[126,131],"more":[128],"precisely":[129],"what":[130],"mean":[132],"by":[133],"suggest":[136],"research":[137],"questions":[138],"investigation":[141],"would":[142],"be":[143],"positioned":[144],"address.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-15T07:11:24.734988","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}