{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3004895274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01544","title":"Convolutional Neural Networks as a Model of the Visual System: Past, Present, and Future","display_name":"Convolutional Neural Networks as a Model of the Visual System: Past, Present, and Future","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-02-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3004895274","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01544","mag":"3004895274","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32027584"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01544","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123144817","display_name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","issn_l":"0898-929X","issn":["0898-929X","1530-8898"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.07092","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006191787","display_name":"Grace W. Lindsay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9904-7471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Grace W. Lindsay","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006191787"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":35.1719,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":553,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99931613,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"10","first_page":"2017","last_page":"2031"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":0.9912999868392944,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7728391885757446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6244500875473022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5634375214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.5463869571685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-model","display_name":"Computational model","score":0.5365493297576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5149887204170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-neuroscience-of-visual-object-recognition","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","score":0.5075737237930298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vision-science","display_name":"Vision science","score":0.45328289270401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4272368550300598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.42196419835090637}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7728391885757446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6244500875473022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5634375214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.5463869571685791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.5365493297576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5149887204170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64876066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141226","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","level":3,"score":0.5075737237930298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200220432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936208","display_name":"Vision science","level":2,"score":0.45328289270401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4272368550300598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.42196419835090637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014796","descriptor_name":"Visual Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014796","descriptor_name":"Visual Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014796","descriptor_name":"Visual Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/jocn_a_01544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01544","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123144817","display_name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","issn_l":"0898-929X","issn":["0898-929X","1530-8898"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32027584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32027584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of cognitive neuroscience","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2001.07092","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2001.07092","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.07092","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2001.07092","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2001.07092","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2001.07092","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":235,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1593057674","https://openalex.org/W1715013381","https://openalex.org/W1821584645","https://openalex.org/W1849277567","https://openalex.org/W1971017968","https://openalex.org/W1980324747","https://openalex.org/W2020676607","https://openalex.org/W2022015984","https://openalex.org/W2026942141","https://openalex.org/W2040036684","https://openalex.org/W2058616551","https://openalex.org/W2073895917","https://openalex.org/W2096516049","https://openalex.org/W2101926813","https://openalex.org/W2103147032","https://openalex.org/W2116360511","https://openalex.org/W2119957476","https://openalex.org/W2125930537","https://openalex.org/W2134777860","https://openalex.org/W2138971257","https://openalex.org/W2147800946","https://openalex.org/W2151035455","https://openalex.org/W2152172623","https://openalex.org/W2160654481","https://openalex.org/W2162724220","https://openalex.org/W2164700406","https://openalex.org/W2176287621","https://openalex.org/W2261689926","https://openalex.org/W2274405424","https://openalex.org/W2286279415","https://openalex.org/W2328322609","https://openalex.org/W2343204383","https://openalex.org/W2401640538","https://openalex.org/W2404596811","https://openalex.org/W2526468814","https://openalex.org/W2537084945","https://openalex.org/W2559655401","https://openalex.org/W2582586363","https://openalex.org/W2599276130","https://openalex.org/W2599606487","https://openalex.org/W2604237331","https://openalex.org/W2604272474","https://openalex.org/W2607575151","https://openalex.org/W2611715315","https://openalex.org/W2622826443","https://openalex.org/W2623160143","https://openalex.org/W2623811077","https://openalex.org/W2626298162","https://openalex.org/W2662969263","https://openalex.org/W2725150524","https://openalex.org/W2731168235","https://openalex.org/W2736245388","https://openalex.org/W2749395392","https://openalex.org/W2762409611","https://openalex.org/W2763767712","https://openalex.org/W2766572821","https://openalex.org/W2785648721","https://openalex.org/W2785962646","https://openalex.org/W2786738752","https://openalex.org/W2787638681","https://openalex.org/W2787827409","https://openalex.org/W2790707260","https://openalex.org/W2792196892","https://openalex.org/W2793696519","https://openalex.org/W2795373741","https://openalex.org/W2797270586","https://openalex.org/W2798245336","https://openalex.org/W2800311957","https://openalex.org/W2801810888","https://openalex.org/W2804915272","https://openalex.org/W2805003733","https://openalex.org/W2805083418","https://openalex.org/W2805765883","https://openalex.org/W2806310009","https://openalex.org/W2806956262","https://openalex.org/W2808029579","https://openalex.org/W2809940376","https://openalex.org/W2810416197","https://openalex.org/W2883162033","https://openalex.org/W2884942463","https://openalex.org/W2888339491","https://openalex.org/W2888897184","https://openalex.org/W2890119559","https://openalex.org/W2890927354","https://openalex.org/W2892147425","https://openalex.org/W2893184150","https://openalex.org/W2896924405","https://openalex.org/W2897138034","https://openalex.org/W2898929289","https://openalex.org/W2900879308","https://openalex.org/W2902499998","https://openalex.org/W2903867357","https://openalex.org/W2906919469","https://openalex.org/W2911925130","https://openalex.org/W2913668833","https://openalex.org/W2913907987","https://openalex.org/W2916819776","https://openalex.org/W2919816947","https://openalex.org/W2920450151","https://openalex.org/W2921125453","https://openalex.org/W2935908327","https://openalex.org/W2942810103","https://openalex.org/W2946788465","https://openalex.org/W2949290395","https://openalex.org/W2949449018","https://openalex.org/W2949512190","https://openalex.org/W2949558627","https://openalex.org/W2949677634","https://openalex.org/W2950071041","https://openalex.org/W2950496220","https://openalex.org/W2950535698","https://openalex.org/W2951049938","https://openalex.org/W2951103305","https://openalex.org/W2951209071","https://openalex.org/W2951506741","https://openalex.org/W2951527505","https://openalex.org/W2951643009","https://openalex.org/W2951779324","https://openalex.org/W2951940613","https://openalex.org/W2952116081","https://openalex.org/W2952237357","https://openalex.org/W2952448932","https://openalex.org/W2952464588","https://openalex.org/W2952610664","https://openalex.org/W2952760759","https://openalex.org/W2952899695","https://openalex.org/W2953263739","https://openalex.org/W2953319219","https://openalex.org/W2959291663","https://openalex.org/W2962778531","https://openalex.org/W2962938532","https://openalex.org/W2963119595","https://openalex.org/W2963138386","https://openalex.org/W2963305465","https://openalex.org/W2963440770","https://openalex.org/W2963523513","https://openalex.org/W2963713397","https://openalex.org/W2963813662","https://openalex.org/W2964184826","https://openalex.org/W2966900272","https://openalex.org/W2967289914","https://openalex.org/W2970037222","https://openalex.org/W2970087536","https://openalex.org/W2970110200","https://openalex.org/W2970382701","https://openalex.org/W2970403879","https://openalex.org/W2970998491","https://openalex.org/W2971090970","https://openalex.org/W2972045671","https://openalex.org/W2972441196","https://openalex.org/W2972831213","https://openalex.org/W2972930169","https://openalex.org/W2978238437","https://openalex.org/W2978368159","https://openalex.org/W2978664050","https://openalex.org/W2981050706","https://openalex.org/W2990138404","https://openalex.org/W2990708040","https://openalex.org/W2994737554","https://openalex.org/W2995123830","https://openalex.org/W2995452139","https://openalex.org/W2998388430","https://openalex.org/W3004639598","https://openalex.org/W3006472786","https://openalex.org/W3098596645","https://openalex.org/W3100492156","https://openalex.org/W3106277288","https://openalex.org/W3108490213","https://openalex.org/W4229494842","https://openalex.org/W4238916099","https://openalex.org/W4288091090","https://openalex.org/W4288282481","https://openalex.org/W4288333794","https://openalex.org/W4289363499","https://openalex.org/W4294554810","https://openalex.org/W4297787359","https://openalex.org/W4297812480","https://openalex.org/W4301688880","https://openalex.org/W4308831279","https://openalex.org/W4312374491","https://openalex.org/W4361805498","https://openalex.org/W6676241000","https://openalex.org/W6678818196","https://openalex.org/W6682137061","https://openalex.org/W6683549829","https://openalex.org/W6683826617","https://openalex.org/W6684088912","https://openalex.org/W6692874361","https://openalex.org/W6713459687","https://openalex.org/W6713563955","https://openalex.org/W6729156727","https://openalex.org/W6736276999","https://openalex.org/W6739055277","https://openalex.org/W6740417705","https://openalex.org/W6748097816","https://openalex.org/W6748424876","https://openalex.org/W6748424917","https://openalex.org/W6748668265","https://openalex.org/W6749889068","https://openalex.org/W6751877224","https://openalex.org/W6751979845","https://openalex.org/W6752078104","https://openalex.org/W6752342186","https://openalex.org/W6753055649","https://openalex.org/W6753209683","https://openalex.org/W6753695549","https://openalex.org/W6754825039","https://openalex.org/W6754827792","https://openalex.org/W6754864146","https://openalex.org/W6755303222","https://openalex.org/W6755510576","https://openalex.org/W6756168450","https://openalex.org/W6756444276","https://openalex.org/W6757365526","https://openalex.org/W6759704969","https://openalex.org/W6760098712","https://openalex.org/W6760312104","https://openalex.org/W6761306096","https://openalex.org/W6761472960","https://openalex.org/W6762192162","https://openalex.org/W6762452093","https://openalex.org/W6763432105","https://openalex.org/W6764282306","https://openalex.org/W6764302064","https://openalex.org/W6764965709","https://openalex.org/W6765454276","https://openalex.org/W6767193956","https://openalex.org/W6767339049","https://openalex.org/W6767795152","https://openalex.org/W6769135604","https://openalex.org/W6769267131","https://openalex.org/W6770316202","https://openalex.org/W6771755946","https://openalex.org/W6842914433","https://openalex.org/W6948444694"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2114275278","https://openalex.org/W2360038484","https://openalex.org/W1489511283","https://openalex.org/W2769899322","https://openalex.org/W2974914859","https://openalex.org/W2026565050","https://openalex.org/W2110244802","https://openalex.org/W949345935","https://openalex.org/W2134777860","https://openalex.org/W1601867506"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Convolutional":[0],"neural":[1,29],"networks":[2],"(CNNs)":[3],"were":[4],"inspired":[5],"by":[6,73,97],"early":[7],"findings":[8],"in":[9,21,40,52,112],"the":[10,41,56,66,71,108],"study":[11],"of":[12,27,43,68,80,110],"biological":[13,81,95],"vision.":[14,82],"They":[15],"have":[16],"since":[17],"become":[18],"successful":[19],"tools":[20],"computer":[22],"vision":[23,96,113],"and":[24,31,55,70,99,103],"state-of-the-art":[25],"models":[26,59,79],"both":[28],"activity":[30],"behavior":[32],"on":[33,86,89,101],"visual":[34],"tasks.":[35],"This":[36],"review":[37],"highlights":[38],"what,":[39],"context":[42],"CNNs,":[44],"it":[45,64],"means":[46],"to":[47,87],"be":[48],"a":[49],"good":[50],"model":[51],"computational":[53],"neuroscience":[54],"various":[57],"ways":[58],"can":[60,92],"provide":[61],"insight.":[62],"Specifically,":[63],"covers":[65],"origins":[67],"CNNs":[69,102,111],"methods":[72],"which":[74],"we":[75,91],"validate":[76],"them":[77],"as":[78],"It":[83],"then":[84],"goes":[85],"elaborate":[88],"what":[90],"learn":[93],"about":[94],"understanding":[98],"experimenting":[100],"discusses":[104],"emerging":[105],"opportunities":[106],"for":[107],"use":[109],"research":[114],"beyond":[115],"basic":[116],"object":[117],"recognition.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":100},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":125},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":125},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":94},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":58},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-02T08:42:23.175194","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
