{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2121379050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/evco_a_00079","title":"Evolution by Adapting Surrogates","display_name":"Evolution by Adapting Surrogates","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2121379050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/evco_a_00079","mag":"2121379050","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22564044"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/evco_a_00079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/evco_a_00079","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/evco/article-pdf/21/2/313/1497591/evco_a_00079.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38677346","display_name":"Evolutionary Computation","issn_l":"1063-6560","issn":["1063-6560","1530-9304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/evco/article-pdf/21/2/313/1497591/evco_a_00079.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102893173","display_name":"Minh Nghia Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9573-2700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Minh Nghia Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore","School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068243197","display_name":"Yew-Soon Ong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-169X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yew Soon Ong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore","School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012167116","display_name":"Stefan Menzel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7594-2308"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112253","display_name":"Honda (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/022c1xk47","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283473643","https://openalex.org/I4210112253"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Menzel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Honda Research Institute Europe GmbH, 63073 Offenbach/Main, Germany","HONDA Research Institute Europe GmbH, 63073 Offenbach/Main, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Honda Research Institute Europe GmbH, 63073 Offenbach/Main, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HONDA Research Institute Europe GmbH, 63073 Offenbach/Main, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032314861","display_name":"Yaochu Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1100-0631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaochu Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computing, University of Surrey Guildford, Surrey, GU27XH United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computing, University of Surrey Guildford, Surrey, GU27XH United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066418464","display_name":"Bernhard Sendhoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1233-9584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112253","display_name":"Honda (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/022c1xk47","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283473643","https://openalex.org/I4210112253"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernhard Sendhoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Honda Research Institute Europe GmbH, 63073 Offenbach/Main, Germany","HONDA Research Institute Europe GmbH, 63073 Offenbach/Main, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Honda Research Institute Europe GmbH, 63073 Offenbach/Main, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"HONDA Research Institute Europe GmbH, 63073 Offenbach/Main, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102893173"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3803,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":70,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94895231,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"313","last_page":"340"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9819999933242798,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolvability","display_name":"Evolvability","score":0.9328734874725342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fitness-landscape","display_name":"Fitness landscape","score":0.7138020992279053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.658134937286377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-algorithm","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","score":0.6243735551834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fitness-approximation","display_name":"Fitness approximation","score":0.5864874720573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.565610408782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-computation","display_name":"Evolutionary computation","score":0.5238316655158997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surrogate-model","display_name":"Surrogate model","score":0.4981570243835449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.48929330706596375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.4703524112701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.46633219718933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-search","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","score":0.44932374358177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.26583319902420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fitness-function","display_name":"Fitness function","score":0.2473020851612091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2358035445213318}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176147130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909622","display_name":"Evolvability","level":2,"score":0.9328734874725342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91852762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3307742","display_name":"Fitness landscape","level":3,"score":0.7138020992279053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.658134937286377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159149176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14489129","display_name":"Evolutionary algorithm","level":2,"score":0.6243735551834106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148392497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16250539","display_name":"Fitness approximation","level":4,"score":0.5864874720573425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.565610408782959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105902424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1197129","display_name":"Evolutionary computation","level":2,"score":0.5238316655158997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131675550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7646884","display_name":"Surrogate model","level":2,"score":0.4981570243835449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.48929330706596375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.4703524112701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.46633219718933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135320971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868524","display_name":"Local search (optimization)","level":2,"score":0.44932374358177185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.26583319902420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176066374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629118","display_name":"Fitness function","level":3,"score":0.2473020851612091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2358035445213318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004738","descriptor_name":"Engineering","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004738","descriptor_name":"Engineering","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004738","descriptor_name":"Engineering","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/evco_a_00079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/evco_a_00079","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/evco/article-pdf/21/2/313/1497591/evco_a_00079.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38677346","display_name":"Evolutionary Computation","issn_l":"1063-6560","issn":["1063-6560","1530-9304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:22564044","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22564044","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evolutionary computation","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.44SUR_INST:11138625530002346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:dr.ntu.edu.sg:10356/98489","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10220/18584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402609","display_name":"DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","host_organization_name":"Nanyang Technological University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/evco_a_00079","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/evco_a_00079","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/evco/article-pdf/21/2/313/1497591/evco_a_00079.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38677346","display_name":"Evolutionary Computation","issn_l":"1063-6560","issn":["1063-6560","1530-9304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.47999998927116394}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2121379050.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2121379050.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":91,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28895184","https://openalex.org/W39808511","https://openalex.org/W75550020","https://openalex.org/W152282416","https://openalex.org/W590019733","https://openalex.org/W637887103","https://openalex.org/W1492433263","https://openalex.org/W1498270872","https://openalex.org/W1503296932","https://openalex.org/W1517548193","https://openalex.org/W1520622896","https://openalex.org/W1524100745","https://openalex.org/W1531857721","https://openalex.org/W1537349311","https://openalex.org/W1548066750","https://openalex.org/W1554663460","https://openalex.org/W1558835275","https://openalex.org/W1564372824","https://openalex.org/W1569467722","https://openalex.org/W1605438009","https://openalex.org/W1605773447","https://openalex.org/W1680392829","https://openalex.org/W1765111950","https://openalex.org/W1787924847","https://openalex.org/W1913944305","https://openalex.org/W1966097591","https://openalex.org/W1974605885","https://openalex.org/W1976695738","https://openalex.org/W1978087130","https://openalex.org/W1981039871","https://openalex.org/W1981388088","https://openalex.org/W1984753492","https://openalex.org/W1985412770","https://openalex.org/W1996445475","https://openalex.org/W2000503034","https://openalex.org/W2005126631","https://openalex.org/W2005470683","https://openalex.org/W2012451526","https://openalex.org/W2012972688","https://openalex.org/W2013695155","https://openalex.org/W2016268734","https://openalex.org/W2019813799","https://openalex.org/W2022730625","https://openalex.org/W2025044382","https://openalex.org/W2025357764","https://openalex.org/W2031569136","https://openalex.org/W2036476072","https://openalex.org/W2052821420","https://openalex.org/W2057374513","https://openalex.org/W2059717747","https://openalex.org/W2066933614","https://openalex.org/W2070322306","https://openalex.org/W2079166250","https://openalex.org/W2083450550","https://openalex.org/W2088990166","https://openalex.org/W2092211810","https://openalex.org/W2096619076","https://openalex.org/W2098449997","https://openalex.org/W2110194546","https://openalex.org/W2111811973","https://openalex.org/W2114620686","https://openalex.org/W2115268776","https://openalex.org/W2115449043","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2127400268","https://openalex.org/W2131612655","https://openalex.org/W2132932473","https://openalex.org/W2135366549","https://openalex.org/W2141343210","https://openalex.org/W2145475762","https://openalex.org/W2148603752","https://openalex.org/W2153480861","https://openalex.org/W2165281693","https://openalex.org/W2165643853","https://openalex.org/W2166739626","https://openalex.org/W2170186790","https://openalex.org/W2277172374","https://openalex.org/W2329714924","https://openalex.org/W2334018742","https://openalex.org/W2488727399","https://openalex.org/W2595408825","https://openalex.org/W2731873610","https://openalex.org/W2911740249","https://openalex.org/W2920943913","https://openalex.org/W2968814730","https://openalex.org/W2997385702","https://openalex.org/W4237344571","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4244135808","https://openalex.org/W4246309810","https://openalex.org/W4301791120"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2164084664","https://openalex.org/W3010792683","https://openalex.org/W2036107212","https://openalex.org/W2159937791","https://openalex.org/W2652238734","https://openalex.org/W1594431409","https://openalex.org/W2917147437","https://openalex.org/W2102251959","https://openalex.org/W2121379050","https://openalex.org/W2035862602"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"deal":[1],"with":[2,7,88,124,228],"complex":[3],"optimization":[4,112],"problems":[5,270],"plagued":[6],"computationally":[8,258,274],"expensive":[9,259,275],"fitness":[10,58,148,176],"functions,":[11],"the":[12,18,22,31,39,48,51,63,67,78,86,99,102,125,138,144,155,159,165,179,185,192,202,209,217,226,249,282,285],"use":[13,37,108,146,239],"of":[14,41,50,53,62,69,80,101,128,147,157,161,169,191,204,251,264,284],"surrogates":[15,129,234],"to":[16,36,66,77,107,143,163,200,248],"replace":[17],"original":[19],"functions":[20],"within":[21,240],"evolutionary":[23,64,82,111,122,180],"framework":[24,123],"is":[25,113,182,195,222],"becoming":[26],"a":[27,120,152,196,241,252,272,297],"common":[28,145],"practice.":[29],"However,":[30],"appropriate":[32],"datacentric":[33],"approximation":[34,105,135,171,206,220],"methodology":[35,106,172,207,221],"for":[38,154,187,238,256],"construction":[40],"surrogate":[42],"model":[43],"would":[44],"depend":[45],"largely":[46],"on":[47,98,132,266],"nature":[49],"problem":[52,280],"interest,":[54],"which":[55],"varies":[56],"from":[57],"landscape":[59],"and":[60,271,293],"state":[61],"search,":[65],"characteristics":[68],"search":[70,181,210,245],"algorithm":[71,255],"used.":[72],"This":[73],"has":[74],"given":[75],"rise":[76],"plethora":[79],"surrogate-assisted":[81,110,253],"frameworks":[83],"proposed":[84,193,286],"in":[85,109,137,141,178,288],"literature":[87],"ad":[89],"hoc":[90],"approximation/surrogate":[91],"modeling":[92],"methodologies":[93,136],"considered.":[94],"Since":[95],"prior":[96],"knowledge":[97],"suitability":[100,168],"data":[103],"centric":[104],"typically":[114],"unavailable":[115],"beforehand,":[116],"this":[117],"paper":[118],"presents":[119],"novel":[121],"evolvability":[126,162,203,230],"learning":[127,198],"(EvoLS)":[130],"operating":[131],"multiple":[133],"diverse":[134],"search.":[139],"Further,":[140],"contrast":[142],"prediction":[149],"error":[150],"as":[151,184],"criterion":[153],"selection":[156],"surrogates,":[158],"concept":[160],"indicate":[164],"productivity":[166],"or":[167],"an":[170],"that":[173,224],"brings":[174],"about":[175],"improvement":[177],"introduced":[183],"basis":[186],"adaptation.":[188],"The":[189],"backbone":[190],"EvoLS":[194,265,287],"statistical":[197],"scheme":[199],"determine":[201],"each":[205,214],"while":[208],"progresses":[211],"online.":[212],"For":[213],"individual":[215],"solution,":[216],"most":[218],"productive":[219],"inferred,":[223],"is,":[225],"method":[227],"highest":[229],"measure.":[231],"Fitness":[232],"improving":[233],"are":[235],"subsequently":[236],"constructed":[237],"trust-region":[242],"enabled":[243],"local":[244],"strategy,":[246],"leading":[247],"self-configuration":[250],"memetic":[254],"solving":[257],"problems.":[260],"A":[261],"numerical":[262],"study":[263],"commonly":[267],"used":[268],"benchmark":[269],"real-world":[273],"aerodynamic":[276],"car":[277],"rear":[278],"design":[279],"highlights":[281],"efficacy":[283],"attaining":[289],"reliable,":[290],"high":[291],"quality,":[292],"efficient":[294],"performance":[295],"under":[296],"limited":[298],"computational":[299],"budget.":[300]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
