{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4214861476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/dint_a_00147","title":"Bi-GRU Relation Extraction Model Based on Keywords Attention","display_name":"Bi-GRU Relation Extraction Model Based on Keywords Attention","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4214861476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/dint_a_00147"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/dint_a_00147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/dint_a_00147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186383","display_name":"Data Intelligence","issn_l":"2096-7004","issn":["2096-7004","2641-435X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/dint_a_00147","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101568996","display_name":"Yuanyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0789-2294"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuanyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical Training Center of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Wuhan 430070, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical Training Center of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101723112","display_name":"Yu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8131-8149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74525822","display_name":"Hubei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d3fj342","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei University of Technology, School of Computer Science, Wuhan 430068, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei University of Technology, School of Computer Science, Wuhan 430068, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057659415","display_name":"Shengkang Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengkang Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical Training Center of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Wuhan 430070, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical Training Center of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102213251","display_name":"Xiaoqin Gu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoqin Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical Training Center of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Wuhan 430070, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical Training Center of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033772930","display_name":"Mengqiong Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengqiong Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical Training Center of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Wuhan 430070, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical Training Center of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103088416","display_name":"Peng Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4446-4427"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical Training Center of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Wuhan 430070, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical Training Center of State Grid Hubei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Wuhan 430070, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101772460","display_name":"Jianxia Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3902-0378"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74525822","display_name":"Hubei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d3fj342","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianxia Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei University of Technology, School of Computer Science, Wuhan 430068, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei University of Technology, School of Computer Science, Wuhan 430068, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100453144","display_name":"Qi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5378-6404"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74525822","display_name":"Hubei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02d3fj342","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei University of Technology, School of Computer Science, Wuhan 430068, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei University of Technology, School of Computer Science, Wuhan 430068, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74525822"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101568996"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1035,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80690549,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"3","first_page":"552","last_page":"572"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8023721575737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-random-field","display_name":"Conditional random field","score":0.7470775246620178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relationship-extraction","display_name":"Relationship extraction","score":0.6623928546905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6557149887084961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6229663491249084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.5738430619239807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.5297982096672058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.5130616426467896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.49700024724006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.46401938796043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.45927008986473083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.4479510188102722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.4362235367298126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-extraction","display_name":"Information extraction","score":0.42976564168930054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.42537444829940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","score":0.414874792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence-labeling","display_name":"Sequence labeling","score":0.4114851951599121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.1964203417301178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.10228025913238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.09517058730125427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08194425702095032}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8023721575737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152565575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124538","display_name":"Conditional random field","level":2,"score":0.7470775246620178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153604712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310755","display_name":"Relationship extraction","level":3,"score":0.6623928546905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6557149887084961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6229663491249084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.5738430619239807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5297982096672058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.5130616426467896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.49700024724006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46401938796043396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.45927008986473083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.4479510188102722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4362235367298126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195807954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662562","display_name":"Information extraction","level":2,"score":0.42976564168930054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.42537444829940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779135771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q403574","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","level":3,"score":0.414874792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35639132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7452468","display_name":"Sequence labeling","level":3,"score":0.4114851951599121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.1964203417301178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.10228025913238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.09517058730125427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08194425702095032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/dint_a_00147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/dint_a_00147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186383","display_name":"Data Intelligence","issn_l":"2096-7004","issn":["2096-7004","2641-435X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:896344615ecf40ceae87c550e514ce54","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/896344615ecf40ceae87c550e514ce54","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Data Intelligence, Vol 4, Iss 3 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/dint_a_00147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/dint_a_00147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210186383","display_name":"Data Intelligence","issn_l":"2096-7004","issn":["2096-7004","2641-435X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W102708294","https://openalex.org/W143521272","https://openalex.org/W1614298861","https://openalex.org/W1838058638","https://openalex.org/W1887754209","https://openalex.org/W1889268436","https://openalex.org/W1924770834","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2087946919","https://openalex.org/W2107598941","https://openalex.org/W2120615054","https://openalex.org/W2155454737","https://openalex.org/W2206373005","https://openalex.org/W2236688737","https://openalex.org/W2250521169","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2251135946","https://openalex.org/W2251622960","https://openalex.org/W2293023260","https://openalex.org/W2402268235","https://openalex.org/W2517194566","https://openalex.org/W2573002734","https://openalex.org/W2734519248","https://openalex.org/W2759211898","https://openalex.org/W2775521672","https://openalex.org/W2788798739","https://openalex.org/W2814123995","https://openalex.org/W2890021306","https://openalex.org/W2892094955","https://openalex.org/W2906003738","https://openalex.org/W2962897570","https://openalex.org/W2963171262","https://openalex.org/W2963613359","https://openalex.org/W2964173876","https://openalex.org/W2964217331","https://openalex.org/W2966874979","https://openalex.org/W3018931444","https://openalex.org/W3019195515","https://openalex.org/W3034617555","https://openalex.org/W3184324824","https://openalex.org/W4205340501","https://openalex.org/W4287753464","https://openalex.org/W6748760166","https://openalex.org/W6788350092"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2962906565","https://openalex.org/W2798423868","https://openalex.org/W4250494529","https://openalex.org/W189110383","https://openalex.org/W3047727388","https://openalex.org/W2132038179","https://openalex.org/W2961904766","https://openalex.org/W2165958952","https://openalex.org/W2027233318","https://openalex.org/W2062502130"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Relational":[1],"extraction":[2,92],"plays":[3],"an":[4,39],"important":[5],"role":[6],"in":[7,20,49,56,83,148,198],"the":[8,29,44,52,57,71,84,96,111,124,140,143,149,174,179,188,201],"field":[9,158],"of":[10,47,59,70,74,116,126,132,142,182,203],"natural":[11,30],"language":[12,31],"processing":[13,32],"to":[14,34,42,120,172],"predict":[15],"semantic":[16,72],"relationships":[17],"between":[18,165],"entities":[19],"a":[21,89,154],"sentence.":[22],"Currently,":[23],"most":[24],"models":[25],"have":[26,78],"typically":[27],"utilized":[28],"tools":[33],"capture":[35],"high-level":[36,205],"features":[37,164,206],"with":[38,99],"attention":[40,63,97,147,175],"mechanism":[41,98],"mitigate":[43],"adverse":[45],"effects":[46],"noise":[48],"sentences":[50,199],"for":[51],"prediction":[53],"results.":[54],"However,":[55],"task":[58],"relational":[60,81,195],"classification,":[61],"these":[62],"mechanisms":[64],"do":[65],"not":[66],"take":[67],"full":[68],"advantage":[69],"information":[73,79],"some":[75],"keywords":[76,193],"which":[77],"on":[80,95,105],"expressions":[82],"sentences.":[85],"Therefore,":[86],"we":[87],"propose":[88],"novel":[90],"relation":[91],"model":[93,113,151],"based":[94],"keywords,":[100],"named":[101],"Relation":[102],"Extraction":[103],"Based":[104],"Keywords":[106,146],"Attention":[107],"(REKA).":[108],"In":[109],"particular,":[110],"proposed":[112,189],"makes":[114],"use":[115],"bi-directional":[117],"GRU":[118],"(Bi-GRU)":[119],"reduce":[121],"computation,":[122],"obtain":[123,173],"representation":[125],"sentences,":[127],"and":[128,168,207],"extracts":[129],"prior":[130],"knowledge":[131],"entity":[133],"pair":[134],"without":[135,200],"any":[136,204],"NLP":[137],"tools.":[138],"Besides":[139],"calculation":[141],"entity-pair":[144,161,166],"similarity,":[145],"REKA":[150],"also":[152],"utilizes":[153],"linear-chain":[155],"conditional":[156],"random":[157],"(CRF)":[159],"combining":[160],"features,":[162,167],"similarity":[163],"its":[169],"hidden":[170],"vectors,":[171],"weight":[176],"resulting":[177],"from":[178],"marginal":[180],"distribution":[181],"each":[183],"word.":[184],"Experiments":[185],"demonstrate":[186],"that":[187],"approach":[190],"can":[191],"utilize":[192],"incorporating":[194],"expression":[196],"semantics":[197],"assistance":[202],"achieve":[208],"better":[209],"performance":[210],"than":[211],"traditional":[212],"methods.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-03T08:47:05.690250","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}