{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4295101014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00461","title":"Dimensional Modeling of Emotions in Text with Appraisal Theories: Corpus Creation, Annotation Reliability, and Prediction","display_name":"Dimensional Modeling of Emotions in Text with Appraisal Theories: Corpus Creation, Annotation Reliability, and Prediction","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-09-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4295101014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00461"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/coli_a_00461","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155526855","display_name":"Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"0891-2017","issn":["0891-2017","1530-9312"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00461","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073849638","display_name":"Enrica Troiano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Enrica Troiano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung, University of Stuttgart. enrica.troiano@ims.uni-stuttgart.de"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung, University of Stuttgart. enrica.troiano@ims.uni-stuttgart.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038965708","display_name":"Laura Oberl\u00e4nder","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Laura Oberl\u00e4nder","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung, University of Stuttgart. laura.oberlaender@ims.uni-stuttgart.de"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung, University of Stuttgart. laura.oberlaender@ims.uni-stuttgart.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090743286","display_name":"Roman Klinger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2014-6619"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roman Klinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut f\u00fcr Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung, University of Stuttgart. roman.klinger@ims.uni-stuttgart.de"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut f\u00fcr Maschinelle Sprachverarbeitung, University of Stuttgart. roman.klinger@ims.uni-stuttgart.de","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038965708","https://openalex.org/A5073849638","https://openalex.org/A5090743286"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5447,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93526235,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"72"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11795","display_name":"Humor Studies and Applications","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.7674412727355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7434701919555664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.6789143085479736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6047940254211426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/appraisal-theory","display_name":"Appraisal theory","score":0.5713642239570618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5075610876083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-corpus","display_name":"Text corpus","score":0.4427884817123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.34383106231689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.25051403045654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.10649129748344421}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.7674412727355957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7434701919555664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6789143085479736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6047940254211426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4308109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781686","display_name":"Appraisal theory","level":2,"score":0.5713642239570618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5075610876083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2474386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461183","display_name":"Text corpus","level":2,"score":0.4427884817123413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.34383106231689453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.25051403045654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.10649129748344421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/coli_a_00461","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155526855","display_name":"Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"0891-2017","issn":["0891-2017","1530-9312"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f821acf1f1ad4f98af9b92d5b2bc6131","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f821acf1f1ad4f98af9b92d5b2bc6131","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics, Vol 49, Iss 1 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/coli_a_00461","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00461","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155526855","display_name":"Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"0891-2017","issn":["0891-2017","1530-9312"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":139,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W68831505","https://openalex.org/W80209412","https://openalex.org/W605667585","https://openalex.org/W1488355115","https://openalex.org/W1513398909","https://openalex.org/W1588539311","https://openalex.org/W1607035479","https://openalex.org/W1768593022","https://openalex.org/W1771834303","https://openalex.org/W1786221333","https://openalex.org/W1880373995","https://openalex.org/W1966797434","https://openalex.org/W1986740180","https://openalex.org/W1990298425","https://openalex.org/W2007041320","https://openalex.org/W2009375902","https://openalex.org/W2012654089","https://openalex.org/W2023736093","https://openalex.org/W2032020379","https://openalex.org/W2040467972","https://openalex.org/W2042863830","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2053749101","https://openalex.org/W2056678123","https://openalex.org/W2057397577","https://openalex.org/W2070353225","https://openalex.org/W2072379725","https://openalex.org/W2075693168","https://openalex.org/W2079006378","https://openalex.org/W2085299503","https://openalex.org/W2091084672","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2102998034","https://openalex.org/W2105468141","https://openalex.org/W2126009018","https://openalex.org/W2129105917","https://openalex.org/W2137495700","https://openalex.org/W2143668817","https://openalex.org/W2145865487","https://openalex.org/W2150134653","https://openalex.org/W2156821100","https://openalex.org/W2162090451","https://openalex.org/W2165857685","https://openalex.org/W2167557160","https://openalex.org/W2168493061","https://openalex.org/W2250812182","https://openalex.org/W2283759410","https://openalex.org/W2333931080","https://openalex.org/W2339570520","https://openalex.org/W2468785836","https://openalex.org/W2484167608","https://openalex.org/W2484692522","https://openalex.org/W2488375705","https://openalex.org/W2489406233","https://openalex.org/W2524182563","https://openalex.org/W2537736171","https://openalex.org/W2560674852","https://openalex.org/W2602331152","https://openalex.org/W2607303097","https://openalex.org/W2733628661","https://openalex.org/W2739499354","https://openalex.org/W2741036097","https://openalex.org/W2741447225","https://openalex.org/W2756723094","https://openalex.org/W2758435862","https://openalex.org/W2785383552","https://openalex.org/W2796430037","https://openalex.org/W2798357113","https://openalex.org/W2805744755","https://openalex.org/W2885374220","https://openalex.org/W2887544202","https://openalex.org/W2891209320","https://openalex.org/W2896498531","https://openalex.org/W2897175203","https://openalex.org/W2900507847","https://openalex.org/W2900790966","https://openalex.org/W2908473373","https://openalex.org/W2917458986","https://openalex.org/W2949081928","https://openalex.org/W2951124019","https://openalex.org/W2954107114","https://openalex.org/W2963686995","https://openalex.org/W2963691697","https://openalex.org/W2964018728","https://openalex.org/W2965373594","https://openalex.org/W2970664035","https://openalex.org/W2972976353","https://openalex.org/W2979826702","https://openalex.org/W3010414986","https://openalex.org/W3014241248","https://openalex.org/W3028808916","https://openalex.org/W3034323190","https://openalex.org/W3035323028","https://openalex.org/W3118510494","https://openalex.org/W3134899733","https://openalex.org/W3140419907","https://openalex.org/W3156064856","https://openalex.org/W3192478068","https://openalex.org/W3193786400","https://openalex.org/W3199690918","https://openalex.org/W3200788654","https://openalex.org/W3201284223","https://openalex.org/W4205646434","https://openalex.org/W4206565514","https://openalex.org/W4210974288","https://openalex.org/W4233973055","https://openalex.org/W4243859118","https://openalex.org/W4291517145","https://openalex.org/W4298872162","https://openalex.org/W4365799947","https://openalex.org/W4388250801","https://openalex.org/W6602151093","https://openalex.org/W6629247809","https://openalex.org/W6637242042","https://openalex.org/W6637621081","https://openalex.org/W6637802876","https://openalex.org/W6661938819","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6682492021","https://openalex.org/W6684325989","https://openalex.org/W6691295805","https://openalex.org/W6697146284","https://openalex.org/W6713894373","https://openalex.org/W6736575291","https://openalex.org/W6745297980","https://openalex.org/W6748651552","https://openalex.org/W6753285152","https://openalex.org/W6753298111","https://openalex.org/W6765469973","https://openalex.org/W6766673545","https://openalex.org/W6771196806","https://openalex.org/W6775521339","https://openalex.org/W6785785058","https://openalex.org/W6790873560","https://openalex.org/W6791603928","https://openalex.org/W6799044424","https://openalex.org/W6803604298","https://openalex.org/W6810021166","https://openalex.org/W6839041262"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2578505095","https://openalex.org/W2348452562","https://openalex.org/W3163680058","https://openalex.org/W2251724625","https://openalex.org/W3183077996","https://openalex.org/W3029801984","https://openalex.org/W2625499837","https://openalex.org/W2806999834","https://openalex.org/W4235993845","https://openalex.org/W2889968917"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"most":[2],"prominent":[3],"tasks":[4],"in":[5,20,117,164,296],"emotion":[6,54,61,162,195,286],"analysis":[7,163,287],"are":[8,131],"to":[9,12,15,38,42,111,193,207,216,224,236,253,265],"assign":[10],"emotions":[11,18,31,130,214,226,239,274,295],"texts":[13],"and":[14,74,123,188,215,227,240,248,275,289],"understand":[16],"how":[17],"manifest":[19],"language.":[21],"An":[22],"important":[23],"observation":[24],"for":[25,137,161],"natural":[26],"language":[27],"processing":[28],"is":[29,104,116],"that":[30,82,93,139,211,269],"can":[32,77,143,174,182,242,271],"be":[33,78,112,176,183,243],"communicated":[34],"implicitly":[35],"by":[36,87,178,185,204],"referring":[37],"events":[39,73,210],"alone,":[40],"appealing":[41],"an":[43,53,91,102,135,283],"empathetic,":[44],"intersubjective":[45],"understanding":[46,170],"of":[47,60,158,169,261,294],"events,":[48],"even":[49],"without":[50],"explicitly":[51],"mentioning":[52],"name.":[55],"In":[56],"psychology,":[57],"the":[58,70,99,107,156,167,230,292],"class":[59],"theories":[62,66,160],"known":[63],"as":[64,80],"appraisal":[65,159,172,190],"aims":[67],"at":[68],"explaining":[69],"link":[71],"between":[72],"emotions.":[75],"Appraisals":[76],"formalized":[79],"variables":[81],"measure":[83,237],"a":[84,140,202,250,255],"cognitive":[85],"evaluation":[86],"people":[88,206],"living":[89],"through":[90],"event":[92,103],"they":[94,181],"consider":[95],"relevant.":[96],"They":[97],"include":[98],"assessment":[100],"if":[101,106,114,171,180,189,238],"novel,":[105],"person":[108],"considers":[109],"themselves":[110],"responsible,":[113],"it":[115],"line":[118],"with":[119,148,166,277,298],"their":[120,218],"own":[121],"goals,":[122],"so":[124],"forth.":[125],"Such":[126],"appraisals":[127,228,241,276,281],"explain":[128],"which":[129],"developed":[132],"based":[133],"on":[134],"event,":[136],"example,":[138],"novel":[141],"situation":[142],"induce":[144],"surprise":[145],"or":[146],"one":[147],"uncertain":[149],"consequences":[150],"could":[151],"evoke":[152],"fear.":[153],"We":[154],"analyze":[155],"suitability":[157],"text":[165,186,247,262,297],"goal":[168],"concepts":[173,191],"reliably":[175,272],"reconstructed":[177],"annotators,":[179],"predicted":[184],"classifiers,":[187],"help":[192],"identify":[194],"categories.":[196],"To":[197],"achieve":[198],"that,":[199],"we":[200,221],"compile":[201],"corpus":[203],"asking":[205],"textually":[208],"describe":[209],"triggered":[212],"particular":[213],"disclose":[217],"appraisals.":[219],"Then,":[220],"ask":[222],"readers":[223],"reconstruct":[225],"from":[229,246],"text.":[231],"This":[232],"set-up":[233],"allows":[234],"us":[235],"recovered":[244],"purely":[245],"provides":[249],"human":[251,266],"baseline":[252],"judge":[254],"model\u2019s":[256],"performance":[257],"measures.":[258],"Our":[259],"comparison":[260],"classification":[263],"methods":[264],"annotators":[267],"shows":[268],"both":[270],"detect":[273],"similar":[278],"performance.":[279],"Therefore,":[280],"constitute":[282],"alternative":[284],"computational":[285],"paradigm":[288],"further":[290],"improve":[291],"categorization":[293],"joint":[299],"models.":[300]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}