{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2997734032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00371","title":"Corpora Annotated with Negation: An Overview","display_name":"Corpora Annotated with Negation: An Overview","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2997734032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00371","mag":"2997734032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/coli_a_00371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00371","pdf_url":"https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/coli_a_00371","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155526855","display_name":"Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"0891-2017","issn":["0891-2017","1530-9312"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/coli_a_00371","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045928794","display_name":"Salud Mar\u00eda Jim\u00e9nez-Zafra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3274-8825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191420491","display_name":"Universidad de Ja\u00e9n","ror":"https://ror.org/0122p5f64","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Salud Mar\u00eda Jim\u00e9nez-Zafra","raw_affiliation_strings":["SINAI, Computer Science Department, CEATIC, Universidad de                         Ja\u00e9n"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINAI, Computer Science Department, CEATIC, Universidad de                         Ja\u00e9n","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009134331","display_name":"Roser Morante","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8356-6469"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1344076864","display_name":"Center for Applied Linguistics","ror":"https://ror.org/020pekv35","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1344076864"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roser Morante","raw_affiliation_strings":["CLTL Lab, Computational Linguistics, VU University Amsterdam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CLTL Lab, Computational Linguistics, VU University Amsterdam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1344076864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032988611","display_name":"Mar\u00eda Teresa Mart\u00edn Valdivia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2874-0401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191420491","display_name":"Universidad de Ja\u00e9n","ror":"https://ror.org/0122p5f64","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mar\u00eda Teresa Mart\u00edn-Valdivia","raw_affiliation_strings":["SINAI, Computer Science Department, CEATIC, Universidad de                         Ja\u00e9n"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINAI, Computer Science Department, CEATIC, Universidad de                         Ja\u00e9n","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016928206","display_name":"Lu\u00eds Alfonso Ure\u00f1a L\u00f3pez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7540-4059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I191420491","display_name":"Universidad de Ja\u00e9n","ror":"https://ror.org/0122p5f64","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"L. Alfonso Ure\u00f1a-L\u00f3pez","raw_affiliation_strings":["SINAI, Computer Science Department, CEATIC, Universidad de                         Ja\u00e9n"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SINAI, Computer Science Department, CEATIC, Universidad de                         Ja\u00e9n","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I191420491"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009134331","https://openalex.org/A5016928206","https://openalex.org/A5032988611","https://openalex.org/A5045928794"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1344076864","https://openalex.org/I191420491"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6505,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94166908,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negation","display_name":"Negation","score":0.883602499961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7667390704154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.7665413618087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.7495465278625488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/merge","display_name":"Merge (version control)","score":0.696297824382782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6293001770973206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.5771180987358093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-role-labeling","display_name":"Semantic role labeling","score":0.41481322050094604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3984128534793854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3116060495376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08665776252746582}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2185349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190558","display_name":"Negation","level":2,"score":0.883602499961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7667390704154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.7665413618087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.7495465278625488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197129107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1921621","display_name":"Merge (version control)","level":2,"score":0.696297824382782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6293001770973206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.5771180987358093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67277372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449085","display_name":"Semantic role labeling","level":3,"score":0.41481322050094604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3984128534793854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3116060495376587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08665776252746582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/coli_a_00371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00371","pdf_url":"https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/coli_a_00371","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155526855","display_name":"Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"0891-2017","issn":["0891-2017","1530-9312"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:openaire_cris_publications/5a55dded-d7cf-48db-8c72-859606e9a15b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/5a55dded-d7cf-48db-8c72-859606e9a15b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401107","display_name":"VU Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Jim\u00e9nez-Zafra, S M, Morante, R, Mart\u00edn-Valdivia, M T & Ure\u00f1a-L\u00f3pez, L A 2020, 'Corpora annotated with negation : An overview', Computational Linguistics, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 189-244. https://doi.org/10.1162/COLI_a_00371","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fdd5021215764924b448200864eccb8d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fdd5021215764924b448200864eccb8d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics, Vol 46, Iss 1, Pp 1-52 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.vu.nl:publications/5a55dded-d7cf-48db-8c72-859606e9a15b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1871.1/5a55dded-d7cf-48db-8c72-859606e9a15b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401107","display_name":"VU Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I865915315","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865915315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Jim\u00e9nez-Zafra, S M, Morante, R, Mart\u00edn-Valdivia, M T & Ure\u00f1a-L\u00f3pez, L A 2020, 'Corpora annotated with negation : An overview', Computational Linguistics, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 189-244. https://doi.org/10.1162/COLI_a_00371","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:vu:oai:research.vu.nl:publications/bd54a2f3-7d3a-4a6f-a24e-e99c0d72e225","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/bd54a2f3-7d3a-4a6f-a24e-e99c0d72e225","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics, 46(1), 189 - 244. MIT Press Journals","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/coli_a_00371","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00371","pdf_url":"https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/coli_a_00371","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155526855","display_name":"Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"0891-2017","issn":["0891-2017","1530-9312"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2637878912","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018-094653-B-C21","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4223071659","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TIN2015-65136-C2-1-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6298273575","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7100540157","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FPU014/00983","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8965061176","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TIN2015-65136-C2-1-R","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321764","display_name":"Ministerio de Educaci\u00f3n, Cultura y Deporte","ror":"https://ror.org/03nc27g21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321800","display_name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/04jsz6e67"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2997734032.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2997734032.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":139,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13254153","https://openalex.org/W43192923","https://openalex.org/W58494562","https://openalex.org/W66137051","https://openalex.org/W70674440","https://openalex.org/W96307878","https://openalex.org/W130925894","https://openalex.org/W163116350","https://openalex.org/W328262386","https://openalex.org/W782030620","https://openalex.org/W1482328859","https://openalex.org/W1490996061","https://openalex.org/W1516184288","https://openalex.org/W1551640705","https://openalex.org/W1553529581","https://openalex.org/W1573258796","https://openalex.org/W1607035479","https://openalex.org/W1663984431","https://openalex.org/W1850865022","https://openalex.org/W1893328368","https://openalex.org/W1922167300","https://openalex.org/W1948103060","https://openalex.org/W1954622760","https://openalex.org/W1961993270","https://openalex.org/W1963753246","https://openalex.org/W1964625659","https://openalex.org/W1982464493","https://openalex.org/W1990435674","https://openalex.org/W1992039201","https://openalex.org/W1995151442","https://openalex.org/W2006587457","https://openalex.org/W2006941876","https://openalex.org/W2016266742","https://openalex.org/W2022204871","https://openalex.org/W2032021697","https://openalex.org/W2032566933","https://openalex.org/W2035703356","https://openalex.org/W2043335066","https://openalex.org/W2046747418","https://openalex.org/W2063596712","https://openalex.org/W2064362294","https://openalex.org/W2076261066","https://openalex.org/W2084046180","https://openalex.org/W2088609604","https://openalex.org/W2096871981","https://openalex.org/W2101269770","https://openalex.org/W2104752900","https://openalex.org/W2110871096","https://openalex.org/W2111698097","https://openalex.org/W2113100352","https://openalex.org/W2115896319","https://openalex.org/W2115915625","https://openalex.org/W2116446440","https://openalex.org/W2117770626","https://openalex.org/W2122314939","https://openalex.org/W2123564229","https://openalex.org/W2128085074","https://openalex.org/W2132739164","https://openalex.org/W2135932125","https://openalex.org/W2138679451","https://openalex.org/W2139686600","https://openalex.org/W2139865360","https://openalex.org/W2141985222","https://openalex.org/W2142786899","https://openalex.org/W2145430227","https://openalex.org/W2146089916","https://openalex.org/W2148966043","https://openalex.org/W2149803936","https://openalex.org/W2158847908","https://openalex.org/W2159980159","https://openalex.org/W2163107094","https://openalex.org/W2166706824","https://openalex.org/W2168041406","https://openalex.org/W2168244486","https://openalex.org/W2168652246","https://openalex.org/W2170189740","https://openalex.org/W2175463831","https://openalex.org/W2220055025","https://openalex.org/W2229162816","https://openalex.org/W2234490075","https://openalex.org/W2248676660","https://openalex.org/W2250260145","https://openalex.org/W2250741443","https://openalex.org/W2250858148","https://openalex.org/W2251939518","https://openalex.org/W2252095625","https://openalex.org/W2276154502","https://openalex.org/W2293452551","https://openalex.org/W2308328950","https://openalex.org/W2320439198","https://openalex.org/W2468684362","https://openalex.org/W2508309896","https://openalex.org/W2510356291","https://openalex.org/W2531638282","https://openalex.org/W2547214469","https://openalex.org/W2550419310","https://openalex.org/W2550523331","https://openalex.org/W2566847560","https://openalex.org/W2574053021","https://openalex.org/W2579285793","https://openalex.org/W2593609194","https://openalex.org/W2604952253","https://openalex.org/W2606962553","https://openalex.org/W2612800656","https://openalex.org/W2613482391","https://openalex.org/W2618063915","https://openalex.org/W2625833328","https://openalex.org/W2729918427","https://openalex.org/W2739897331","https://openalex.org/W2739993751","https://openalex.org/W2740338225","https://openalex.org/W2740783897","https://openalex.org/W2775590885","https://openalex.org/W2785383552","https://openalex.org/W2786427215","https://openalex.org/W2793828080","https://openalex.org/W2799112216","https://openalex.org/W2861378419","https://openalex.org/W2886493354","https://openalex.org/W2900221602","https://openalex.org/W2911267749","https://openalex.org/W2911367289","https://openalex.org/W2911525548","https://openalex.org/W2913379451","https://openalex.org/W2914372457","https://openalex.org/W2926539479","https://openalex.org/W2961867999","https://openalex.org/W2968573267","https://openalex.org/W2971144944","https://openalex.org/W2983553948","https://openalex.org/W3089032726","https://openalex.org/W3152231500","https://openalex.org/W4233906183","https://openalex.org/W4234814834","https://openalex.org/W4250446334","https://openalex.org/W4250561792","https://openalex.org/W4254947497","https://openalex.org/W4365799947","https://openalex.org/W4391418904"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2059922809","https://openalex.org/W2361861616","https://openalex.org/W2387527986","https://openalex.org/W2479250593","https://openalex.org/W2263699433","https://openalex.org/W3089032726","https://openalex.org/W2053943328","https://openalex.org/W3046984657","https://openalex.org/W2060535757","https://openalex.org/W4381248170"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Negation":[0],"is":[1,23,54,97,153],"a":[2,7,63],"universal":[3],"linguistic":[4],"phenomenon":[5],"with":[6,21,69,75],"great":[8],"qualitative":[9],"impact":[10],"on":[11,46],"natural":[12],"language":[13],"processing":[14,28],"applications.":[15],"The":[16],"availability":[17],"of":[18,41,65,78,82],"corpora":[19,32,67,91,104],"annotated":[20,35,68,86],"negation":[22,27,70,83,131,151],"essential":[24],"to":[25,100],"training":[26],"systems.":[29],"Currently,":[30],"most":[31,115],"have":[33,84,134],"been":[34,85,135],"for":[36,139,150],"English,":[37],"but":[38],"the":[39,47,66,76,90,102,110,118,121,130],"presence":[40],"languages":[42,74],"other":[43,140],"than":[44,138],"English":[45],"Internet,":[48],"such":[49],"as":[50],"Chinese":[51],"or":[52,148],"Spanish,":[53],"greater":[55],"every":[56],"day.":[57],"In":[58],"this":[59],"study,":[60],"we":[61,106],"present":[62],"review":[64],"information":[71],"in":[72,109,117,123,163],"several":[73],"goal":[77],"evaluating":[79],"what":[80],"aspects":[81],"and":[87,114,129],"how":[88],"compatible":[89],"are.":[92],"We":[93],"conclude":[94],"that":[95,133],"it":[96],"very":[98],"difficult":[99],"merge":[101],"existing":[103],"because":[105],"found":[107],"differences":[108],"annotation":[111,119,156],"schemes":[112],"used,":[113],"importantly,":[116],"guidelines:":[120],"way":[122],"which":[124,160],"each":[125],"corpus":[126],"was":[127],"tokenized":[128],"elements":[132],"annotated.":[136],"Differently":[137],"well":[141],"established":[142],"tasks":[143],"like":[144],"semantic":[145],"role":[146],"labeling":[147],"parsing,":[149],"there":[152],"no":[154],"standard":[155],"scheme":[157],"nor":[158],"guidelines,":[159],"hampers":[161],"progress":[162],"its":[164],"treatment.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2020-01-10T00:00:00"}