{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2146751667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00091","title":"Summarizing Information Graphics Textually","display_name":"Summarizing Information Graphics Textually","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2146751667","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00091","mag":"2146751667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/coli_a_00091","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00091","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/coli/article-pdf/38/3/527/1810581/coli_a_00091.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155526855","display_name":"Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"0891-2017","issn":["0891-2017","1530-9312"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/coli/article-pdf/38/3/527/1810581/coli_a_00091.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011391948","display_name":"\u015eeniz Demir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4897-4616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141511","display_name":"TUBITAK BILGEM","ror":"https://ror.org/057kvja37","country_code":"TR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141511"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seniz Demir","raw_affiliation_strings":["TUBITAK-BILGEM","TUBITAK BILGEM"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TUBITAK-BILGEM","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141511"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TUBITAK BILGEM","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103579282","display_name":"Sandra Carberry","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86501945","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Carberry","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Delaware"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Delaware","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102050950","display_name":"Kathleen F. McCoy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86501945","display_name":"University of Delaware","ror":"https://ror.org/01sbq1a82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathleen F. McCoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Delaware"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Delaware","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86501945"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8793,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81394345,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"38","issue":"3","first_page":"527","last_page":"574"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8787180185317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphics","display_name":"Graphics","score":0.7725412249565125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.6917786598205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.6792362332344055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.6251755356788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphic-design","display_name":"Graphic design","score":0.6103368997573853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bar-chart","display_name":"Bar chart","score":0.5587378144264221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.45625126361846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.36507394909858704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2920190691947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.2556210458278656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.10184407234191895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07523661851882935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8787180185317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21442007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027879","display_name":"Graphics","level":2,"score":0.7725412249565125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.6917786598205566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.6792362332344055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.6251755356788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15724806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185925","display_name":"Graphic design","level":2,"score":0.6103368997573853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61122496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124595","display_name":"Bar chart","level":2,"score":0.5587378144264221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.45625126361846924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.36507394909858704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2920190691947937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.2556210458278656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.10184407234191895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07523661851882935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/coli_a_00091","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00091","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/coli/article-pdf/38/3/527/1810581/coli_a_00091.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155526855","display_name":"Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"0891-2017","issn":["0891-2017","1530-9312"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.361.2805","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.361.2805","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.aclweb.org/anthology-new/J/J12/J12-3004.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a0b6e97a47a64d9f813b035f7fcf3e35","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a0b6e97a47a64d9f813b035f7fcf3e35","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics, Vol 38, Iss 3 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/coli_a_00091","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00091","pdf_url":"https://direct.mit.edu/coli/article-pdf/38/3/527/1810581/coli_a_00091.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155526855","display_name":"Computational Linguistics","issn_l":"0891-2017","issn":["0891-2017","1530-9312"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320244","host_organization_name":"Association for Computational Linguistics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320244"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computational Linguistics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7300000190734863}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6942277289","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"H133G080047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337112","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337112","display_name":"National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research","ror":"https://ror.org/021adze67"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2146751667.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2146751667.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":93,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6483294","https://openalex.org/W63003940","https://openalex.org/W124587404","https://openalex.org/W194369716","https://openalex.org/W219140104","https://openalex.org/W294487447","https://openalex.org/W751470531","https://openalex.org/W1424744123","https://openalex.org/W1486798440","https://openalex.org/W1500866299","https://openalex.org/W1517519375","https://openalex.org/W1563920584","https://openalex.org/W1574989980","https://openalex.org/W1579803652","https://openalex.org/W1581562557","https://openalex.org/W1587890082","https://openalex.org/W1599880985","https://openalex.org/W1645937837","https://openalex.org/W1733954365","https://openalex.org/W1807717487","https://openalex.org/W1896628871","https://openalex.org/W1965152727","https://openalex.org/W1972620750","https://openalex.org/W1980813323","https://openalex.org/W1983707534","https://openalex.org/W1984967463","https://openalex.org/W1991278297","https://openalex.org/W1996457856","https://openalex.org/W1998426307","https://openalex.org/W2010422701","https://openalex.org/W2017883685","https://openalex.org/W2029844001","https://openalex.org/W2038721957","https://openalex.org/W2040172363","https://openalex.org/W2049039162","https://openalex.org/W2050277298","https://openalex.org/W2050523636","https://openalex.org/W2054362711","https://openalex.org/W2054496757","https://openalex.org/W2055418239","https://openalex.org/W2062589546","https://openalex.org/W2068842640","https://openalex.org/W2070016268","https://openalex.org/W2082118847","https://openalex.org/W2085702226","https://openalex.org/W2086297729","https://openalex.org/W2087543671","https://openalex.org/W2091169704","https://openalex.org/W2094303736","https://openalex.org/W2096646663","https://openalex.org/W2096955651","https://openalex.org/W2097156270","https://openalex.org/W2099542783","https://openalex.org/W2105615817","https://openalex.org/W2105823795","https://openalex.org/W2109608285","https://openalex.org/W2110568314","https://openalex.org/W2112824353","https://openalex.org/W2113862235","https://openalex.org/W2121088444","https://openalex.org/W2123086176","https://openalex.org/W2124386177","https://openalex.org/W2124741472","https://openalex.org/W2128523760","https://openalex.org/W2133797163","https://openalex.org/W2137659643","https://openalex.org/W2139079654","https://openalex.org/W2139243841","https://openalex.org/W2141608913","https://openalex.org/W2148374900","https://openalex.org/W2159932990","https://openalex.org/W2164079290","https://openalex.org/W2164737198","https://openalex.org/W2167702024","https://openalex.org/W2171064373","https://openalex.org/W2264742718","https://openalex.org/W2498424589","https://openalex.org/W2600179492","https://openalex.org/W2745653947","https://openalex.org/W2787679639","https://openalex.org/W2793848952","https://openalex.org/W2886362482","https://openalex.org/W3124386704","https://openalex.org/W4211138600","https://openalex.org/W4231741839","https://openalex.org/W4235505822","https://openalex.org/W4237394013","https://openalex.org/W4241787461","https://openalex.org/W4249680359","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4301357669","https://openalex.org/W4381925011","https://openalex.org/W4406043976"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1706249794","https://openalex.org/W2163328609","https://openalex.org/W4376527711","https://openalex.org/W829232766","https://openalex.org/W2185424816","https://openalex.org/W654316846","https://openalex.org/W2391371644","https://openalex.org/W2006808196","https://openalex.org/W2185864210","https://openalex.org/W2129255700"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Information":[0],"graphics":[1,21],"(such":[2],"as":[3,42,194],"bar":[4],"charts":[5],"and":[6,33,80,109,143,160,181,201],"line":[7],"graphs)":[8],"play":[9],"a":[10,31,95,100,171],"vital":[11],"role":[12],"in":[13,24,49,125,133],"many":[14],"multimodal":[15],"documents.":[16],"The":[17,56,204],"majority":[18],"of":[19,46,77,94,113,136,139,164,184,198,206],"information":[20,97,146],"that":[22,53],"appear":[23],"popular":[25],"media":[26],"are":[27],"intended":[28,107],"to":[29,51,73,89,127,176],"convey":[30],"message":[32,54,108],"the":[34,47,68,74,78,91,106,110,114,134,145,150,157,161,165,179,195],"graphic":[35,98],"designer":[36],"uses":[37],"deliberate":[38],"communicative":[39,59],"signals,":[40],"such":[41,193],"highlighting":[43],"certain":[44],"aspects":[45],"graphic,":[48,57],"order":[50,126],"bring":[52],"out.":[55],"whose":[58],"goal":[60],"(intended":[61],"message)":[62],"is":[63],"often":[64],"not":[65],"captured":[66],"by":[67,187,211],"document's":[69],"accompanying":[70],"text,":[71],"contributes":[72],"overall":[75],"purpose":[76],"document":[79],"cannot":[81],"be":[82,131,154],"ignored.":[83],"This":[84,116,167],"article":[85],"presents":[86,170],"our":[87,207],"approach":[88,175],"providing":[90],"high-level":[92],"content":[93,152],"non-scientific":[96],"via":[99],"brief":[101],"textual":[102,162,185],"summary":[103],"which":[104],"includes":[105],"salient":[111],"features":[112],"graphic.":[115,166],"work":[117,168,208],"brings":[118],"together":[119],"insights":[120],"obtained":[121],"from":[122,156],"empirical":[123],"studies":[124],"determine":[128],"what":[129],"should":[130],"contained":[132],"summaries":[135,186],"this":[137],"form":[138],"non-linguistic":[140],"input":[141],"data,":[142],"how":[144],"required":[147],"for":[148],"realizing":[149],"selected":[151],"can":[153],"extracted":[155],"visual":[158],"image":[159],"components":[163],"also":[169],"novel":[172],"bottom\u2013up":[173],"generation":[174],"simultaneously":[177],"construct":[178],"discourse":[180,190],"sentence":[182],"structures":[183],"leveraging":[188],"different":[189,212],"related":[191],"considerations":[192],"syntactic":[196],"complexity":[197],"realized":[199],"sentences":[200],"clause":[202],"embeddings.":[203],"effectiveness":[205],"was":[209],"validated":[210],"evaluation":[213],"studies.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}