{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2543665853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/106454603321489545","title":"The Atoms of Language: The Mind's Hidden Rules of Grammar; Foundations of Language: Brain, Meaning, Grammar, Evolution","display_name":"The Atoms of Language: The Mind's Hidden Rules of Grammar; Foundations of Language: Brain, Meaning, Grammar, Evolution","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2543665853","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/106454603321489545","mag":"2543665853"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/106454603321489545","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/106454603321489545","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2181302","display_name":"Artificial Life","issn_l":"1064-5462","issn":["1064-5462","1530-9185"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Life","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025430450","display_name":"Bart de Boer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9429-6129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bart de Boer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, bartb@arti.vub.ac.be"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium, bartb@arti.vub.ac.be","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025430450"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.45124896,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"89","last_page":"91"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.6887927055358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grammar","display_name":"Grammar","score":0.6665796637535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/icon","display_name":"Icon","score":0.6601849794387817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6324770450592041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5247592926025391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citation","display_name":"Citation","score":0.523747444152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.5205396413803101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3719790577888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.31380775570869446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.2002592384815216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.1940957009792328}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.6887927055358887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26022165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8091","display_name":"Grammar","level":2,"score":0.6665796637535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778447006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156474","display_name":"Icon","level":2,"score":0.6601849794387817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6324770450592041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5247592926025391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778805511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713","display_name":"Citation","level":2,"score":0.523747444152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5205396413803101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3719790577888489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.31380775570869446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.2002592384815216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1940957009792328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/106454603321489545","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/106454603321489545","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2181302","display_name":"Artificial Life","issn_l":"1064-5462","issn":["1064-5462","1530-9185"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Artificial Life","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2171026506"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2017786959","https://openalex.org/W2262727046","https://openalex.org/W3107474891","https://openalex.org/W2176984267","https://openalex.org/W2070080152","https://openalex.org/W2360540950","https://openalex.org/W2364743982","https://openalex.org/W2361791220","https://openalex.org/W2383513948"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"January":[0],"01":[1],"2003":[2,108,217],"The":[3,7,20,24,149,153],"Atoms":[4,21,150],"of":[5,11,14,22,28,38,111,151,157,160,220],"Language:":[6,15,23,39,152,161],"Mind's":[8,25,154],"Hidden":[9,26,155],"Rules":[10,27,156],"Grammar;":[12,158],"Foundations":[13,159],"Brain,":[16,40,162],"Meaning,":[17,41,163],"Grammar,":[18,42,164],"Evolution":[19],"Grammar.":[29],"Mark":[30],"C.Baker.":[31],"(":[32,45],"2001,":[33],"Basic":[34],"Books.)":[35],"250":[36],"pages.Foundations":[37],"Evolution.":[43,165],"RayJackendoff.":[44],"2002,":[46],"Oxford":[47],"University":[48],"Press.)":[49],"496":[50],"pages.":[51],"Bart":[52,55,86,146],"de":[53,56,87,147],"Boer":[54,57,88],"Artificial":[58,89,113],"Intelligence":[59,90],"Laboratory,":[60,91],"Vrije":[61,92],"Universiteit":[62,93],"Brussel,":[63,94],"Pleinlaan":[64,95],"2,":[65,96],"B-1050":[66,97],"Brussels,":[67,98],"Belgium,":[68,99],"bartb@arti.vub.ac.be":[69,100],"Search":[70,143,190,195,205,207],"for":[71],"other":[72],"works":[73],"by":[74],"this":[75,236],"author":[76],"on:":[77],"This":[78,208],"Site":[79,144],"Google":[80],"Scholar":[81],"Author":[82],"and":[83],"Article":[84,134,222],"Information":[85],"Online":[101],"Issn:":[102,105],"1530-9185":[103],"Print":[104],"1064-5462":[106],"\u00a9":[107,216],"Massachusetts":[109,218],"Institute":[110,219],"Technology2003":[112,221],"Life":[114,167,204],"(2003)":[115],"9":[116,169],"(1):":[117,170],"89\u201391.":[118,171],"https://doi.org/10.1162/106454603321489545":[119,173],"Cite":[120,122],"Icon":[121,125,132],"Permissions":[123],"Share":[124,126],"Facebook":[127],"Twitter":[128],"LinkedIn":[129],"Email":[130],"Views":[131,133],"contents":[135],"Figures":[136],"&":[137],"tables":[138],"Video":[139],"Audio":[140],"Supplementary":[141],"Data":[142],"Citation":[145],"Boer;":[148],"Artif":[166],"2003;":[168],"doi:":[172],"Download":[174],"citation":[175],"file:":[176],"Ris":[177],"(Zotero)":[178],"Reference":[179],"Manager":[180],"EasyBib":[181],"Bookends":[182],"Mendeley":[183],"Papers":[184],"EndNote":[185],"RefWorks":[186],"BibTex":[187],"toolbar":[188],"search":[189,192,193,199],"nav":[191],"input":[194,196],"auto":[197],"suggest":[198],"filter":[200],"All":[201],"ContentAll":[202],"JournalsArtificial":[203],"Advanced":[206],"content":[209],"is":[210],"only":[211],"available":[212],"as":[213],"a":[214],"PDF.":[215],"PDF":[223],"first":[224],"page":[225],"preview":[226],"Close":[227],"Modal":[228],"You":[229],"do":[230],"not":[231],"currently":[232],"have":[233],"access":[234],"to":[235],"content.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-15T07:11:24.734988","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}