{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160582718","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1054746053967030","title":"Formative Evaluation and Preliminary Findings of a Virtual Reality Telerehabilitation System for the Lower Extremity","display_name":"Formative Evaluation and Preliminary Findings of a Virtual Reality Telerehabilitation System for the Lower Extremity","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160582718","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1054746053967030","mag":"2160582718"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/1054746053967030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1054746053967030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S975621743","display_name":"PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality","issn_l":"1054-7460","issn":["1054-7460","1531-3263"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054042949","display_name":"Judith Deutsch","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Judith A. Deutsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research in Virtual Environment And Rehabilitation Sciences (RiVERS) Lab Department of Developmental and Rehabilitative Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, School of Health Related Professions Newark, New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research in Virtual Environment And Rehabilitation Sciences (RiVERS) Lab Department of Developmental and Rehabilitative Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, School of Health Related Professions Newark, New Jersey","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103514471","display_name":"Jeffrey A. Lewis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey A. Lewis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research in Virtual Environment and Rehabilitation Sciences (RiVERS) Lab Department of Developmental and Rehabilitative Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, School of Health Related Professions Newark, New Jersey and VR LAB, Center for Advanced Information Processing, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research in Virtual Environment and Rehabilitation Sciences (RiVERS) Lab Department of Developmental and Rehabilitative Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, School of Health Related Professions Newark, New Jersey and VR LAB, Center for Advanced Information Processing, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017865898","display_name":"Elizabeth Whitworth","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Whitworth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark, New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043860574","display_name":"Rare\u0219 Boian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0993-8842"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rares Boian","raw_affiliation_strings":["VR LAB, Center for Advanced Information Processing, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VR LAB, Center for Advanced Information Processing, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060764128","display_name":"Grigore Burdea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5429-054X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grigore Burdea","raw_affiliation_strings":["VR LAB, Center for Advanced Information Processing, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VR LAB, Center for Advanced Information Processing, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112716743","display_name":"Marilyn Tremaine","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marilyn Tremaine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark, New Jersey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark, New Jersey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054042949"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8245,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84558962,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"198","last_page":"213"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10510","display_name":"Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9309999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.9293000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.9164744019508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6958931684494019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.6955592036247253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formative-assessment","display_name":"Formative assessment","score":0.6325490474700928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability-inspection","display_name":"Usability inspection","score":0.6116092205047607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic-evaluation","display_name":"Heuristic evaluation","score":0.5956618189811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.5436912775039673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-walkthrough","display_name":"Cognitive walkthrough","score":0.5347769260406494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/session","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","score":0.48561516404151917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability-engineering","display_name":"Usability engineering","score":0.47654062509536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.46794408559799194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability-goals","display_name":"Usability goals","score":0.43568721413612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.4212872087955475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.41930633783340454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-usability-scale","display_name":"System usability scale","score":0.41164273023605347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.40643882751464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.22495785355567932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1219087541103363}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.9164744019508362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6958931684494019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6955592036247253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42525527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209955","display_name":"Formative assessment","level":2,"score":0.6325490474700928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23456302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7901668","display_name":"Usability inspection","level":4,"score":0.6116092205047607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3255780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1616517","display_name":"Heuristic evaluation","level":3,"score":0.5956618189811707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.5436912775039673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87105883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107002","display_name":"Cognitive walkthrough","level":4,"score":0.5347769260406494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.48561516404151917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100302975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642623","display_name":"Usability engineering","level":3,"score":0.47654062509536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.46794408559799194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62993174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928808","display_name":"Usability goals","level":4,"score":0.43568721413612366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.4212872087955475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.41930633783340454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139225968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146354","display_name":"System usability scale","level":4,"score":0.41164273023605347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.40643882751464844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.22495785355567932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1219087541103363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/1054746053967030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/1054746053967030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S975621743","display_name":"PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality","issn_l":"1054-7460","issn":["1054-7460","1531-3263"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.01RUT_INST:11664912290004646","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.libraries.rutgers.edu/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/Formative-Evaluation-and-Preliminary-Findings-of/991031665454404646","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"View","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W80943546","https://openalex.org/W114094522","https://openalex.org/W1487110136","https://openalex.org/W1500388874","https://openalex.org/W1525921708","https://openalex.org/W1526426957","https://openalex.org/W1539082227","https://openalex.org/W1553373298","https://openalex.org/W1576669605","https://openalex.org/W1578852700","https://openalex.org/W1618163275","https://openalex.org/W2004603793","https://openalex.org/W2020519658","https://openalex.org/W2032232117","https://openalex.org/W2110803596","https://openalex.org/W2129297612","https://openalex.org/W2168191910","https://openalex.org/W2175243926","https://openalex.org/W2342091124","https://openalex.org/W2911384745","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2150599767","https://openalex.org/W2155602934","https://openalex.org/W2016022053","https://openalex.org/W2085749886","https://openalex.org/W147331940","https://openalex.org/W2130660484","https://openalex.org/W2488259327","https://openalex.org/W2075732570","https://openalex.org/W1496060036","https://openalex.org/W2580784735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Usability":[0],"studies":[1,23,204,220,228],"are":[2,24,75,195,212,221],"an":[3,105],"essential":[4],"and":[5,11,113,124,156,164,173,197,232],"iterative":[6],"component":[7,146],"of":[8,80,91,93,115,147,182,226,234],"technology":[9,236],"development":[10,231],"ease":[12,90],"its":[13],"transfer":[14],"from":[15,188,215],"the":[16,19,61,89,94,110,116,144,148,154,161,180,183,189,192,216,230],"laboratory":[17],"to":[18,40,51,60,142,169,178,201],"clinic.":[20],"Although":[21],"such":[22,43,206],"standard":[25],"methodology":[26],"in":[27,104,205,229],"today's":[28],"graphical":[29],"user-interface":[30],"applications,":[31],"it":[32],"is":[33,49,237],"not":[34],"clear":[35],"that":[36,108,186],"current":[37],"methods":[38,55,86],"apply":[39],"new":[41,62],"technologies":[42],"as":[44],"virtual":[45,209],"reality.":[46],"Thus":[47],"experimentation":[48],"needed":[50],"examine":[52],"what":[53],"existing":[54],"can":[56],"be":[57],"viably":[58],"transferred":[59],"user-interaction":[63],"situations.":[64],"In":[65,151],"this":[66,131],"paper,":[67],"5":[68,137],"integrated":[69],"interfaces":[70,114],"with":[71,160,191],"3":[72],"simultaneous":[73],"users":[74],"evaluated":[76],"via":[77],"a":[78],"set":[79],"usability":[81,181,203,218,227],"studies,":[82,153],"which":[83],"adapt":[84],"traditional":[85],"for":[87,199],"assessing":[88],"use":[92],"interface":[95,123],"design.":[96],"A":[97,133],"single":[98],"expert":[99,194],"domain":[100,193],"user":[101,171],"was":[102,139],"run":[103],"intensive":[106],"study":[107,135],"examined":[109],"therapist":[111],"manual":[112,125],"Rutgers":[117],"Ankle":[118],"Rehabilitation":[119],"System":[120],"(RARS).":[121],"The":[122,224],"were":[126,167],"extensively":[127],"modified":[128],"based":[129],"on":[130],"evaluation.":[132],"second":[134],"involving":[136],"therapists":[138],"then":[140],"conducted":[141],"evaluate":[143],"telerehabilitation":[145],"RARS":[149],"system.":[150,184],"both":[152],"tester":[155],"developer's":[157],"observations,":[158],"along":[159],"session":[162],"videotapes":[163],"therapist-user":[165],"questionnaires,":[166],"triangulated":[168],"identify":[170],"problems":[172],"suggest":[174],"design":[175],"changes":[176],"expected":[177],"increase":[179],"Changes":[185],"resulted":[187],"analysis":[190],"described":[196],"recommendations":[198],"how":[200],"conduct":[202],"multiuser":[207],"remote":[208],"reality":[210],"situations":[211],"proposed.":[213],"Results":[214],"pilot":[217],"telemonitoring":[219],"also":[222],"presented.":[223],"validity":[225],"refinement":[233],"rehabilitation":[235],"highlighted.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-05T09:29:38.588285","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}