{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1995760065","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/105474602317343640","title":"The <i>Studierstube</i> Augmented Reality Project","display_name":"The <i>Studierstube</i> Augmented Reality Project","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1995760065","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/105474602317343640","mag":"1995760065"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/105474602317343640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/105474602317343640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S975621743","display_name":"PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality","issn_l":"1054-7460","issn":["1054-7460","1531-3263"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048047909","display_name":"Dieter Schmalstieg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2813-2235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dieter Schmalstieg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vienna University of Technology, Favoritenstrasse 9-11/188, A-1040 Vienna, Austria, , ,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vienna University of Technology, Favoritenstrasse 9-11/188, A-1040 Vienna, Austria, , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018952559","display_name":"Anton Fuhrmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343190059","display_name":"VRVis GmbH (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/02xyxvc90","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343190059"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anton Fuhrmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["VRVis Research Center for Virtual Reality and Visualization, Vienna, Austria","VRVis Research Center for Virtual Reality and Visualization, Vienna, Austria#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VRVis Research Center for Virtual Reality and Visualization, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343190059"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"VRVis Research Center for Virtual Reality and Visualization, Vienna, Austria#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343190059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013332310","display_name":"Gerd Hesina","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerd Hesina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vienna University of Technology, Austria","Vienna University of Technology; Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vienna University of Technology, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vienna University of Technology; Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071110245","display_name":"Zsolt Szalav\u00e1ri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zsolt Szalav\u00e1ri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vienna University of Technology, Austria","Vienna University of Technology; Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vienna University of Technology, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vienna University of Technology; Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057242534","display_name":"L. Miguel Encarna\u00e7\u00e3o","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5813-7291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196272386","display_name":"Providence College","ror":"https://ror.org/00rxpqe74","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196272386"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161623","display_name":"Fraunhofer USA","ror":"https://ror.org/05aah2q92","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161623","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Miguel Encarna\u00e7\u00e3o","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer CRCG, Inc., Providence, Rhode Island","Fraunhofer CRCG, Inc. Providence, Rhode Island#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer CRCG, Inc., Providence, Rhode Island","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161623","https://openalex.org/I196272386"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer CRCG, Inc. Providence, Rhode Island#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161623","https://openalex.org/I196272386"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022673382","display_name":"Michael Gervautz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159895","display_name":"Imagination Computer Services (Austria)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hkpph68","country_code":"AT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159895"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Gervautz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Imagination GmbH, Vienna, Austria","Imagination GmbH, Vienna, Austria#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imagination GmbH, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Imagination GmbH, Vienna, Austria#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075773750","display_name":"Werner Purgathofer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Werner Purgathofer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vienna University of Technology, Austria","Vienna University of Technology; Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vienna University of Technology, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vienna University of Technology; Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.2289,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":396,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99416406,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"1","first_page":"33","last_page":"54"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10789","display_name":"Interactive and Immersive Displays","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/augmented-reality","display_name":"Augmented reality","score":0.8554102182388306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.7583584189414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7432405948638916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.6344601511955261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-mediated-reality","display_name":"Computer-mediated reality","score":0.6075528860092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.6063807606697083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-reality","display_name":"Mixed reality","score":0.5767256617546082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.5393384099006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-multitasking","display_name":"Human multitasking","score":0.5013816356658936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface-metaphor","display_name":"Interface metaphor","score":0.4498542547225952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.41093242168426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.3212512135505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-user-interface","display_name":"Natural user interface","score":0.312772274017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-experience-design","display_name":"User experience design","score":0.19908025860786438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface-design","display_name":"User interface design","score":0.19296568632125854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08721098303794861}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153715457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254183","display_name":"Augmented reality","level":2,"score":0.8554102182388306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.7583584189414978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7432405948638916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.6344601511955261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134202134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157399","display_name":"Computer-mediated reality","level":4,"score":0.6075528860092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.6063807606697083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206776904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758389","display_name":"Mixed reality","level":3,"score":0.5767256617546082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.5393384099006653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107418235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520565","display_name":"Human multitasking","level":2,"score":0.5013816356658936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130858515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3333480","display_name":"Interface metaphor","level":5,"score":0.4498542547225952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.41093242168426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3212512135505676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187482481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851756","display_name":"Natural user interface","level":4,"score":0.312772274017334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201025465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248500","display_name":"User experience design","level":2,"score":0.19908025860786438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149229913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135707","display_name":"User interface design","level":3,"score":0.19296568632125854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08721098303794861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/105474602317343640","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/105474602317343640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S975621743","display_name":"PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality","issn_l":"1054-7460","issn":["1054-7460","1531-3263"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-9586","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-9586.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400801","display_name":"Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IGD","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/201554","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/201554","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W75131225","https://openalex.org/W196134944","https://openalex.org/W1507687470","https://openalex.org/W1539259921","https://openalex.org/W1562925417","https://openalex.org/W1664954303","https://openalex.org/W1783926085","https://openalex.org/W1912205781","https://openalex.org/W1965014786","https://openalex.org/W1981644168","https://openalex.org/W1982839353","https://openalex.org/W1983808135","https://openalex.org/W1989952968","https://openalex.org/W1993328048","https://openalex.org/W1997556709","https://openalex.org/W2007056957","https://openalex.org/W2011842566","https://openalex.org/W2013608024","https://openalex.org/W2015595581","https://openalex.org/W2022028355","https://openalex.org/W2023331673","https://openalex.org/W2024377736","https://openalex.org/W2043726457","https://openalex.org/W2046163665","https://openalex.org/W2050355816","https://openalex.org/W2055856012","https://openalex.org/W2056219499","https://openalex.org/W2066545049","https://openalex.org/W2067779848","https://openalex.org/W2067870298","https://openalex.org/W2070423344","https://openalex.org/W2079638262","https://openalex.org/W2086451657","https://openalex.org/W2092248501","https://openalex.org/W2099186073","https://openalex.org/W2108715885","https://openalex.org/W2109996803","https://openalex.org/W2113545124","https://openalex.org/W2114261446","https://openalex.org/W2118041291","https://openalex.org/W2127972053","https://openalex.org/W2128026023","https://openalex.org/W2130853690","https://openalex.org/W2135710634","https://openalex.org/W2142859885","https://openalex.org/W2144120361","https://openalex.org/W2148205923","https://openalex.org/W2149891956","https://openalex.org/W2152230805","https://openalex.org/W2152495088","https://openalex.org/W2162547713","https://openalex.org/W2167648906","https://openalex.org/W2167915620","https://openalex.org/W2237155658","https://openalex.org/W2343599024","https://openalex.org/W2533940173","https://openalex.org/W2536874479","https://openalex.org/W2539355866","https://openalex.org/W2787026453","https://openalex.org/W2973368428","https://openalex.org/W3155755912","https://openalex.org/W4241942968","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2075580082","https://openalex.org/W4285815440","https://openalex.org/W3038676821","https://openalex.org/W2906256945","https://openalex.org/W3046066817","https://openalex.org/W2903079804","https://openalex.org/W2167678715","https://openalex.org/W3093345779","https://openalex.org/W3205251208","https://openalex.org/W2947705145"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Our":[0],"starting":[1],"point":[2],"for":[3,31,48,60,116,174,202],"developing":[4],"the":[5,9,14,57,63,66,79,84,92,96,102,109,119,122,140,153,162,177,185],"Studierstube":[6,67,98,127,180],"system":[7,128,138,201],"was":[8],"belief":[10],"that":[11,170],"augmented":[12,70,106,146,204],"reality,":[13,20,107,147],"less":[15],"obtrusive":[16],"cousin":[17],"of":[18,25,35,65,87,95,104],"virtual":[19,178],"has":[21,171],"a":[22,27,40,49,113,131,166,197],"better":[23],"chance":[24],"becoming":[26],"viable":[28],"user":[29,51,93,141,198],"interface":[30,52,94,115,154,169,199],"applications":[32],"requiring":[33],"manipulation":[34],"complex":[36,203],"three-dimensional":[37],"information":[38],"as":[39,54,56,155,188],"daily":[41],"routine.":[42],"In":[43,83,121],"essence,":[44],"we":[45,90],"are":[46],"searching":[47],"3-D":[50],"metaphor":[53,59],"powerful":[55],"desktop":[58],"2-D.":[61],"At":[62],"heart":[64],"system,":[68,99],"collaborative":[69,105],"reality":[71,205],"is":[72,135,159,196,209],"used":[73],"to":[74,142],"embed":[75],"computer-generated":[76],"images":[77],"into":[78],"real":[80],"work":[81],"environment.":[82,179],"first":[85],"part":[86],"this":[88],"paper,":[89],"review":[91],"initial":[97],"in":[100],"particular":[101],"implementation":[103],"and":[108,150,190],"Personal":[110,163],"Interaction":[111,164],"Panel,":[112,165],"two-handed":[114],"interaction":[117],"with":[118,176],"system.":[120],"second":[123],"part,":[124],"an":[125],"extended":[126],"based":[129],"on":[130],"heterogeneous":[132],"distributed":[133],"architecture":[134,195],"presented.":[136],"This":[137],"allows":[139],"combine":[143],"multiple":[144],"approaches\u2014":[145],"projection":[148],"displays,":[149],"ubiquitous":[151],"computing\u2014to":[152],"needed.":[156],"The":[157,192,207],"environment":[158],"controlled":[160],"by":[161,211],"twohanded,":[167],"pen-and-pad":[168],"versatile":[172],"uses":[173],"interacting":[175],"also":[181],"borrows":[182],"elements":[183],"from":[184],"desktop,":[186],"such":[187],"multitasking":[189],"multi-windowing.":[191],"resulting":[193],"software":[194],"management":[200],"applications.":[206],"presentation":[208],"complemented":[210],"selected":[212],"application":[213],"examples.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-06-12T08:23:45.883708","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}