{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2110292974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/089976698300017287","title":"Transform-Invariant Recognition by Association in a Recurrent Network","display_name":"Transform-Invariant Recognition by Association in a Recurrent Network","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2110292974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1162/089976698300017287","mag":"2110292974","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9698355"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1162/089976698300017287","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/089976698300017287","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207023548","display_name":"Neural Computation","issn_l":"0899-7667","issn":["0899-7667","1530-888X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047074677","display_name":"N\u00e9stor Parga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0214-5954"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N\u00e9stor Parga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oxford University, Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford OX1 3UD, England"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford University, Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford OX1 3UD, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029186968","display_name":"Edmund T. Rolls","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3025-1292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edmund Rolls","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oxford University, Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford OX1 3UD, England"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oxford University, Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford OX1 3UD, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047074677"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3571,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9702806,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"6","first_page":"1507","last_page":"1525"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/association","display_name":"Association (psychology)","score":0.6748855113983154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5292617082595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulus","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","score":0.5162358283996582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trace","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","score":0.5094698071479797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4892735183238983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/invariant","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","score":0.4733999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engram","display_name":"Engram","score":0.4575447738170624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3851885497570038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.359805166721344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.3592807352542877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2679469585418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.24959996342658997}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6748855113983154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5292617082595825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779918689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771842","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5162358283996582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5094698071479797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4892735183238983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4733999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28093023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175168","display_name":"Engram","level":2,"score":0.4575447738170624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3851885497570038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.359805166721344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3592807352542877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2679469585418701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.24959996342658997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D005556","descriptor_name":"Form Perception","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005556","descriptor_name":"Form Perception","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005556","descriptor_name":"Form Perception","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005583","descriptor_name":"Fourier Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005583","descriptor_name":"Fourier Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005583","descriptor_name":"Fourier Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010364","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Visual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010364","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Visual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010364","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Visual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012160","descriptor_name":"Retina","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013569","descriptor_name":"Synapses","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013569","descriptor_name":"Synapses","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013569","descriptor_name":"Synapses","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014793","descriptor_name":"Visual Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1162/089976698300017287","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1162/089976698300017287","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S207023548","display_name":"Neural Computation","issn_l":"0899-7667","issn":["0899-7667","1530-888X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9698355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9698355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neural computation","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.42.574","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.42.574","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ft.uam.es/neurociencia/GRUPO/ARTICLES/inv_obj_rec.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.7.8955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.7.8955","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cns.ox.ac.uk/papers/245_Parga+Rolls98.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ora.ox.ac.uk:uuid:c29d8df2-615a-4e40-9931-f0c7c79b78ba","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c29d8df2-615a-4e40-9931-f0c7c79b78ba","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402636","display_name":"Oxford University Research Archive (ORA) (University of Oxford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","host_organization_name":"University of Oxford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"General item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W191753357","https://openalex.org/W212442349","https://openalex.org/W1580335425","https://openalex.org/W1963597874","https://openalex.org/W1966764756","https://openalex.org/W1971042016","https://openalex.org/W1971565000","https://openalex.org/W1982527490","https://openalex.org/W2004547450","https://openalex.org/W2008673208","https://openalex.org/W2009236066","https://openalex.org/W2012074763","https://openalex.org/W2030450972","https://openalex.org/W2039667793","https://openalex.org/W2040124307","https://openalex.org/W2044074657","https://openalex.org/W2069129925","https://openalex.org/W2076551955","https://openalex.org/W2085358606","https://openalex.org/W2096388912","https://openalex.org/W2100686511","https://openalex.org/W2104434493","https://openalex.org/W2116866597","https://openalex.org/W2119999650","https://openalex.org/W2128084896","https://openalex.org/W2147221263","https://openalex.org/W2147427677","https://openalex.org/W2155612774","https://openalex.org/W2160340450","https://openalex.org/W2290450336","https://openalex.org/W3124563337","https://openalex.org/W4252857511"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1591199750","https://openalex.org/W2998470023","https://openalex.org/W3208922657","https://openalex.org/W4315644441","https://openalex.org/W2949065250","https://openalex.org/W3164637892","https://openalex.org/W2418291536","https://openalex.org/W4390665464","https://openalex.org/W2085393455","https://openalex.org/W1957896470"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objects":[0],"can":[1,195,210],"be":[2,42,108,211],"recognized":[3],"independently":[4],"of":[5,10,47,67,71,101,120,125,130,141,180,201,214],"the":[6,14,55,64,72,123,126,131,136,153,158,168,177,181,193],"view":[7,140,183],"they":[8],"present,":[9],"their":[11,17],"position":[12],"on":[13],"retina,":[15],"or":[16,35],"scale.":[18],"It":[19],"has":[20],"been":[21],"suggested":[22],"that":[23,27,38,57,85,103,115,184],"one":[24,48],"basic":[25],"mechanism":[26],"makes":[28],"this":[29,51,58,87,191],"possible":[30],"is":[31,61,104,114,117,148,155],"a":[32,36,83,118,165,172,188,206],"memory":[33,59],"effect,":[34],"trace,":[37],"allows":[39],"associations":[40,98],"to":[41,107,135],"made":[43],"between":[44,99,128],"consecutive":[45],"views":[46,102,129,159],"object.":[49],"In":[50,190],"work,":[52],"we":[53],"explore":[54],"possibility":[56],"trace":[60],"provided":[62],"by":[63,76,157,205],"sustained":[65,150],"activity":[66,151],"neurons":[68],"in":[69,152],"layers":[70],"visual":[73],"pathway":[74],"produced":[75,156],"an":[77,142,198],"extensive":[78,199],"recurrent":[79,89],"connectivity.":[80],"We":[81],"describe":[82],"model":[84],"contains":[86],"high":[88],"connectivity":[90],"and":[91],"synaptic":[92],"efficacies":[93],"built":[94],"with":[95],"contributions":[96],"from":[97],"pairs":[100],"simple":[105],"enough":[106],"treated":[109],"analytically.":[110],"The":[111],"main":[112],"result":[113],"there":[116],"change":[119],"behavior":[121],"as":[122,187],"strength":[124],"association":[127,137],"same":[132],"object,":[133,143],"relative":[134],"within":[138],"each":[139,203],"increases.":[144],"When":[145],"its":[146],"value":[147],"small,":[149],"network":[154,169,194],"themselves.":[160],"As":[161],"it":[162,209],"increases":[163],"above":[164],"threshold":[166],"value,":[167],"always":[170],"reaches":[171],"particular":[173,182],"state":[174],"(which":[175],"represents":[176],"object)":[178],"independent":[179],"was":[185],"seen":[186],"stimulus.":[189],"regime,":[192],"still":[196],"store":[197],"number":[200,213],"objects,":[202],"defined":[204],"finite":[207],"(although":[208],"large)":[212],"views.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}